1. Job stress and well-being of
female employees in hospitality:
The role of regulatory leisure
coping styles
Presenter: Marie Lin
Instructor: Dr. Pi- Ying Hsu
Date: 2014 / 11 / 3 1

2. Citation
Tsaur, S. H. & Tang, Y. Y, (2012).
Job Stress and Well-Being of
Female Employees in Hospitality:
The Role of Regulatory Leisure
Coping Styles. International
Journal of Hospitality Management,
31 (4), 1038-1044.
2

3. Definition of Terms
PBLCS =The Planned-Breather
Leisure Coping Style
ALCS = The Avoidant Leisure
Coping Style 3

4. Increases the well-being and
Buffering Effect
PBLCS
4

5. ALCS
Reduces the well-being and
Amplifying Effect
5

6. Contents
6
 Introduction
 Literature Review
& Hypothesis
 Method
 Results
 Discussion
 Reflection

7. Introduction
This study investigates the moderating role of
regulatory leisure coping styles on the effect of job
stress on female employees’ well-being.
7

8.  Job stress & Well-being
 Regulatory leisure coping styles: The PBLCS
& ALCS
 Regulatory leisure coping styles & well-being
 The moderating role of regulatory leisure
coping styles
 Literature Review & Hypotheses
8

9. Literature Review
While the job stress still exists, female
employees may feel more frustration and a
lack of confidence, hence increasing their
psychological distress.
（Fritz & Sonnentag, 2006）
9

10. Literature Review
Leisure generates a feeling of self-
determination that can enhance self-control
and help one to reappraise a stressful situation,
and then provide a buffer against the negative
impact of stress. (Coleman & Iso-Ahola, 1993)
10

11.  Hypothesis 1 The job stress of female employees has
a negative effect on their well-being.
 Hypothesis 2 The use of the PBLCS by female
employees will have a positive effect
on their well-being.
11

12.  Hypothesis 3
 Hypothesis 4 The use of the PBLCS by female
employees will buffer the negative
effect of job stress on their well-being.
 Hypothesis 5 The use of the ALCS by female
employees will amplify the negative
effect of job stress on their well-being.
The use of the ALCS by female
employees will have a negative effect on
their well-being.
12

13.  Sample & Procedures
 Measures
Method
13

14.  The respondents should be full-time employees, in the
tourist hotels for more than a year of work experience.
 The study excludes all non-service employees; only
those who were front-line employees, worked in
housekeeping, food services and hotel front desk to
select it.
 Respondents must meet the
following two criteria:
14

15. Taiwan Tourism Report (2010)
38.30%
51.90%
54.90%
51.30%
22.10%
26.60%
65.30%
15OF the female employees were junior members of staff.
worked in food service
on the front desk
had at least two to
three years of
work experience

16.  Most of them were between the ages of 26 and 34 (38.3%).
more than half of the respondents held a bachelor's degree
(51.9%) and had at least two to three years of work
experience (54.9%).
16

17.  The employees worked in food service (51.3%),
housekeeping (22.1%), and on the front desk (26.6%), and
more than two-thirds (65.3%) of the female employees
were junior members of staff.
17

18. Variable Mean SD 1 2 3 4
Job
stress
3.02 0.68 –
PBLCS 3.46 0.66 −0.23
***
–
ALCS 2.68 0.77 0.04 0.44
***
–
Well-
being
3.60 0.51 −0.57
***
0.23
***
−0.06 –
Correlation coefficient between variables is a minor
does not exceed 0.60 value.
 Table 1
18

19. Well-being
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Job stress −0.56
***
−0.52
***
−0.55
***
PBLCS 0.16
**
0.16
**
ALCS −0.12
*
−0.14
*
Job
stress × PBLCS
0.18
***
Job
stress × ALCS
−0.15
**
R
2
0.32 0.34 0.36
ΔR
2
0.02
***
0.02
***
 Table 2
 Hypothesis 1、 2 &3 YES ! 19

20.  Fig.1  Hypothesis 4 YES !
Buffering Effect
20

21.  Fig.2  Hypothesis 5 YES !
Amplifying Effect
21

22. Results
Hypothesis 1  The job stress of female employees has a negative effect on their
well-being.
Hypothesis 2  The use of the PBLCS by female employees will have a positive
effect on their well-being.
Hypothesis 3  The use of the ALCS by female employees will have a negative
effect on their well-being.
Hypothesis 4  The use of the PBLCS by female employees will buffer the
negative effect of job stress on their well-being.
Hypothesis 5  The use of the ALCS by female employees will amplify the
negative effect of job stress on their well-being. 22

23. Discussion
 Summary of Main Findings
 Implications & Limitations
23

24.  This study confirms that female employees adopting different goals of
leisure coping strategies tend to cause different impacts on well-being.
 The results regarding interaction effects showed that both the PBLCS
and the ALCS have significant interactions effects on the relationship
between job stress and female employees’ well-being.
Summary of Main Findings
24

25.  Principal component factor analysis was conducted on items of the all
variables. Among the 10 factors extracted, factor 1 accounted for only
16.86% of the variance.
Implications & Limitations
25
 The results indicate that common method variance was not a problem
in this study. Finally, this study only used female employees as research
sample.

26. Reflection
A lounge, gym, coffee,
personal leisure activities,
social events, weekend
shopping, and to provide
opportunities for female
employees to gain new vitality.
26

27. 27
Thank you!!