تصميم

1. 1
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬
E
Es
sc
ca
al
la
at
to
or
rs
s

2. 2
‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬
:
-
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺴﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬ ،‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺯﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺘﻁ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺼل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺴﻴﺔ‬
.
‫ﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬
)
Escalator
(
‫ﻜﻠﻤﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺕ‬
)
Scale
(
‫ﻭﻜﻠﻤـﺔ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﻟﻼﺘﻴﻨﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﻨﻲ‬
)
Elevator
(
‫ﻭﺘﻌﻨـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻌﺩ‬
.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗـﺕ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻏﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺅﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻁﺎﺌﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺘﻌﻁـﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺍﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻏﺎﺕ‬
)
Atrium
(
‫ﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴـﺎ‬ ‫ﻋـﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺘﺠـﺔ‬ ‫ﺒـﺼﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻴﻨﺎﻤﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻭﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺼﺭﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬
.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ‬
)
Shopping Centers
(
‫ﻟﺘـﺸ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ‬
‫ﺠﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻘﺎل‬
.
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺘﺼﻤﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺼـﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗـﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴـﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻘﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻔﻴﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﻓﻴﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻴﺎﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻨﻲ‬
.
‫ﺍﻨﺘﻅـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﻤﺼﺎﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻷﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﺍﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﺩﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬
.
‫ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺬة‬
‫ﻟ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻠﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬
:
‫ﻋﻤ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺠﺫﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،
‫ﻅﻬﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻭل‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﻁﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﺒﻴﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﺔ‬
.
‫ﻤﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
1892
‫ﺭﻴﻨﻭ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺴﻤﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﻪ‬
،
‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
1895
‫ﺠﻴـﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺼـﻨﻊ‬
‫ﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺭﻴﻨﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻗل‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺯﺍﻭﻴ‬
‫ﺔ‬
‫ﻤﻴل‬
25
‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬
.
‫ﺍﻟﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﺭﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻋـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺴـﻴﺒﻴﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺘـﺸﺎﺭﻟﺯ‬ ‫ﻴـﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺘـﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪ‬
1897
‫ﺍﻟـﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫـﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺴﻤﺎﻩ‬
)
Escalator
(
،
‫ﻭﺒﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
)
Otis
(
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﻋﺩ‬
‫ﺃﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﺃﻭل‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻡ‬
1899
‫ﻓـﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻗـﺩ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺸﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺝ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺒﻴﺭﺝ‬
)
Otis
(
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺌﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺭﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
1900
.
‫ﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻘﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺒﻴﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺎﺭﻟﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬
)
Otis
(
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬
1910
‫ﺠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﻘﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺭﻴﻨﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‬
،
‫ﻭﻗ‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺕ‬
‫ﺒﺈﻨﺘﺎﺝ‬

‫ﻭ‬‫ﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻨﻌﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻴﻨﻭ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺒﻴﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﺎﻤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻔﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺨﺎﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺯﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺴﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﺨﻠﺕ‬ ،
‫ﻤـﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻹﻋﻁﺎﺌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺴـﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺩﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠـﺴﻜﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻁـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻴﻭﻴﻭﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ،‫ﺭﻴﻨﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
1900
‫ﻡ‬
.
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻁﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺴـﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺭﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﺎﺩﻴﺩ‬
1920
‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘـﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻡ‬
‫ﺼﻭﺭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤ‬
‫ﺩﻴﺜﺔ‬
.

3. 3
‫ﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻊ‬
)
Escalator
(
‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﺭﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺭﺍﺩﻓ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬
.
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻷوﺿﺎع‬
‫ﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮك‬
:
)
‫اﻟﺸﺮح‬ ‫ﯾﺤﺘﺎج‬
‫ھﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺻﻮ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬
(
§
‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺓ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬
‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺒﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﻭﻴﻴﻥ‬
،
‫ﺍﺘﺠـﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬
،
‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺩﻴل‬ ‫ﺴﻬل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
:
)
‫ﻟﻠﺼﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻬﺒﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
(
.
§
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬
:
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎل‬
‫ﻟﻠﺒﻴـﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬
،
‫ﻤﺘﻘﻁﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
.
§

:




‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺴﺭﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻹﻟﻘﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬
.
§

:


‫ﻴﺘﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜـﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﺩ‬
‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
،
‫ﺠﻭﺍﻨـﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
.
§
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺤﺩﺍﺕ‬
)
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻀﺎﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻫﻴﻥ‬
(
‫ﻜﻤﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒـﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻁـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺴﺎﺌل‬
.
‫اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎرات‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻤﯿﺔ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
:
-
1
(
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﻡ‬
‫ﺴﺘﻌﻤ‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﺨ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺎﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﻜﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﺜل‬
‫ﻤﻭﻗﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻁﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﺴﺘﻨﺎﺩ‬
.
2
(
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺘﺒ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻌ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،
‫ﻋﺎﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺄﺩﺭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺭ‬
.
3
(
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺝ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺤ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻻ‬‫ﻨﺯﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺼﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺘﻭﻤﺎﺘﻴﻜ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺒـﺸﻜل‬
‫ﻜﺎﻤل‬
‫ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬
‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻭﺘﻭﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﻴﺭﺍﺕ‬
.
4
(
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺒﻕ‬
‫ﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
.
5
(
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻓﻘﻴ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭل‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺭ‬
،‫ﺍﻟـﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻼﺸـﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟـﻙ‬
‫ﺤﺩﻭﺙ‬
‫ﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺘﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﻭﻉ‬
.
6
(
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺩﺭﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬
)
0,5
‫ﻤ‬
‫ﺘﺭ‬
/
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬
(
.

4. 4
7
(
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺒﺽ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺘﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬
)
80
‫ﺴﻡ‬
(
‫ﻗﺒـل‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗـل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻁ‬
.
8
(
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻼﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻁ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
.
‫أﺳﺲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬
)
‫ﻃﺮﯾﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫أﺑﻌﺎد‬
(
:
‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ‬‫ﻜ‬
:
§
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬
)
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺒﻕ‬
.(
§
‫ﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴل‬
)
‫ﻤﻔﻀﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺍﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﻩ‬
‫ﻫﻲ‬
30
‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻭ‬
35
‫ﺩﺭﺠ‬
‫ﺔ‬
(
.
)
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
-
‫ﻴﻭﻀﺢ‬
‫ﺭﻤﻭﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬
(
‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬
:
-
A
‫ﻟﻠـﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﻭل‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬
)
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺃﺴﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬
(
x1
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
)
2.4
(
‫ﻋﺒـﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ، ‫ﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﺒﻁﺔ‬
.
x2
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺒﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
)
2.4
-
2.3
(
‫ﻡ‬
‫ﻋﺒـﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،
‫ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻹﻀـﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺠﺘﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺒـﺎﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺘﺒﻁـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬
.
L
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻡ‬
.
H
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬
.
‫ﻴﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻡ‬

x1& x2

 
‫ﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬
A
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬
)
H
(
‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴل‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬
:
-
-
‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴل‬
)
30
‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬
(
‫ﻓﺎﻥ‬
.732
1
*
H
=
A

5. 5
-
‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴل‬
)
5
3
‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬
(
‫ﻓﺎﻥ‬
.428
1
*
H
=
A
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻹﻴﺠﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
:
2
x
+
1
x
+
A
=
L
‫ﻫﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻼﺤﻅﻪ‬
:
-
‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺩﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻑ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻘل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺼل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻱ‬
)
2,3
‫ﻡ‬
(
‫ﺒﻤﺭﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻋﺩﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺄﻤﺎﻥ‬
.
)
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬
(
 
 
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻴﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺇﺴﺘﻨﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
:
-
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺘﻤﺩ‬
)
B
&
S
(
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﻭل‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺫﺭﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
:
-
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﺴﻌﺔ‬
/
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬
6000
‫ﺸﺨﺹ‬
7000
‫ﺸﺨﺹ‬
8000
‫ﺸﺨﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬
S
62
‫ﺴﻡ‬
82
‫ﺴﻡ‬
1,02
‫ﺴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺽ‬
B
1,22
‫ﺴﻡ‬
1,42
‫ﺴﻡ‬
1,62
‫ﺴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﻁﻭ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﺘﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬ ،‫ﺴﺭﻋﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻨﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﻁﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻴﻌﺎﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻗل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻁﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
.

6. 6
‫ﻴﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﺎﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬
)
4000
_
4500
(
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺸﺨـﺼ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻤـل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠـﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺹ‬
‫ﻴﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬
)
8000
_
12000
(
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺸﺨﺼﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﺨﺹ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬ ‫ﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬
)
25
‫ﻤﺘﺭ‬
/
‫ﺩﻗ‬
‫ﻴﻘﺔ‬
(
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
)
36
‫ﻤﺘﺭ‬
/
‫ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬
(
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴل‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬
.
 
‫اﻻﺣﺘﯿﺎﺟﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎرﯾﺔ‬
)
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﻤﻌﺎﯾﯿﺮ‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺘﺼﻤﯿﻤﯿﺔ‬
:(
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻏﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻫـﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻨﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺼﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
،
‫ﻓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﻌﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺒﺎﻟﻘﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻠﻰ‬
‫ﹼ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬
‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴـﺩ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻨـﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺘﺼﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
،
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺘﻴﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
.
 
...
‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬
:
-
1
(
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬
:
‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻭﺍﻤل‬ ‫ﻙ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬
:
§
‫ﺍﻹﻨﺸﺎﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﻠﻭﺏ‬
.
§
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬
.
§
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺠﻡ‬
.
§
‫ﺍﻹﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺭﺽ‬
.
2
(
‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
:
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻬﻨﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺠﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬
‫ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺴﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
.
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺩﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻨﺠﻠﻴﺯﻱ‬
‫ﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺒـ‬
)
35
‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬
(
،
‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻘﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬
)
6.0
‫ﻡ‬
(
‫ﻫـﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻌـﺩ‬ ،
‫ﺒﺯﻭﺍﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻏﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺌﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬
‫ﺃﺼـﻐﺭ‬
،
‫ﺃﻗـﺼﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻋـﺭﺽ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬
)
105
‫ﺴﻡ‬
(
‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻨﻰ‬ ،
)
60
‫ﺴﻡ‬
(
‫ﺃﻗـل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ،
‫ﺒﻤﻘﺎﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬
.
 
3
(
‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬

‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤﻜ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺕ‬
:
‫ﻨـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻓـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬
،‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻕ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺠﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬
.

7. 7
‫ﻴﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺘﻜﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﻻﺫﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻰ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻁﺘﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻜﻤ‬ ،
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻨﻘﻁـﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨـﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺘﻜﺯ‬
‫ﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻭﺴﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬
)
6.0
‫ﻡ‬
(
،
‫ﺍﻟـﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻤل‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤـ‬
‫ﺸﺩﻭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺒـﺴﻼﺴل‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻓﻭﻻﺫﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺴﻔل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺭﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺂﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺘﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬
.
 
 
‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬

‫ﻭ‬‫ﻤﻜ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴل‬
:
1
(
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻁﺎﺕ‬
Landings
:
‫ﺘﺸﻁﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺴﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻤـ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬
‫ل‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻔـﻙ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺒﻠـﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻭﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﻤﺢ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺘﺤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻜﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
.
2
(
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ‬
Comb Plate
:
‫ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻤﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺯﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻁﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺃﺴﻔل‬
‫ﺘﺘﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺴﻨﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﻁﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺤﻭﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺨﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺴﻨﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻁﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻯ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﺍﺒﻁ‬
.
 
3
(
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻭﻥ‬
Truss
:
‫ﺘﺜﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺒﻘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺘﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺩﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬
‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﻨﻅﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟـﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻫـﻲ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ‬
،‫ﻻﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺤﺏ‬
‫ﻭﻴـﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻘﺩﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
)
Step wheel track
(
‫ﻭﻴﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺠﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻵﺨﺭ‬
)
Trailer wheel track
.(
‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺠـﺩﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺨﺘﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻅﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻭﻀﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻌﻴﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻻﺘﺠـﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻠـﻑ‬

8. 8
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻜﺱ‬
،
‫ﻤﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺠﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻜﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﻗﻲ‬
‫ﺴﻠـﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺘـﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨـﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻨﻔﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺝ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻑ‬
.
 
4
(
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬
Roller Shutter
:
‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺘ‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﺜـﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬
‫ﺘ‬
‫ﻌﻁـﻲ‬
‫ﺤﺠﻴـﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺠﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻠﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬
‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺁﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﺔ‬
.
‫ﻤﺸﺎﻜل‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺤﺼﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺒل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
.
 
‫ﻋﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬
:
‫ﺃ‬
-
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ‬
Curtain
:
‫ﺒﻤﻘﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﻔﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﺍﺌﺢ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺤﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺎﻁﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻨﻊ‬
)
63
×
1.2
mm
(
‫ﺤﺩﻴﺩﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﺎﻴـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺒﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻬﺎﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﺍﺌﺢ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺼل‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻁﺭﻕ‬
‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺤﻤل‬ ‫ﺴﻼﺴل‬
‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠـﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺴﻔﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬
‫ﻹﻋﻁﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺇﻗﻔﺎل‬
‫ﻜﺎﻤل‬
.
‫ﺏ‬
-
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ‬
Shutter Box
:
‫ﻟﻼﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺍﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﺘﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﻜﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺠﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺩﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺌﺢ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺸﺄ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﺠﻭﺍﻨـ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺭﻀـﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺩ‬
‫ﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻟﻭﺍﺡ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺴﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻕ‬
‫ﻹﻋﻁﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻤﻘﺎﻭﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻜﺎﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬
.
‫ﺕ‬
-
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻤﻴل‬
Roller Barrel
:
‫ﻴﺴﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺒﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺤﻤﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﺎﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﻨﺒﺭﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﺩﻤﺞ‬
.
‫ﺙ‬
-
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻙ‬
Side Guides
:
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺼﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻟﻭﺍﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﺎﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺩﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻭﺍﺌﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺴﻤﻨﺘﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﻁـﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ،
‫ﻗﺎﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻺﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺒﺄﻋﻤﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬
.
‫ﺝ‬
-
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻁﻴﺏ‬
Finishing
:
‫ﻴﺼﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬
‫ﺃﺴﺎﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺩﻫﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﻁﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺩﻫﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﻔﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺌﺢ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺴﺎﺱ‬
.
‫ﺡ‬
-
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬
Electrical Operation
:
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻟﻴﻌﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻤﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ل‬
415
،‫ﻓﻭﻟﺕ‬
3
‫ﻓﺎﺯ‬
،
50
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻻ‬‫ﻤﻭﺼﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺭﺘﺯ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﻤﻌﺩ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤﻭﻴل‬
‫ﺃﻭﺘﻭﻤﺎﺘﻴﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻓـﻭﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻠل‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻟﺩﺍﺕ‬
.
‫ﺘﺤﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻜل‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺯﺭ‬
‫ﺇﻗﻔﺎل‬
‫ﻭﺯﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺭ‬
‫ﺇﻴﻘﺎﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ،
‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﺘﻘﺒل‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺩ‬
‫ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺠﻬﺯﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻨ‬
‫ﺫﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻤﺭﺤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻻﻋﻁﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻤﺅﻗﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺌﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
.

9. 9
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺤﺔ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﻭﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺒـﺎﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨـﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴـﺩﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬
‫ﺘﺩﻭﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺫﺭﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻀﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
.
‫ﺥ‬
-
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬
:
‫ﻟﻌﻭﺍﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ‬‫ﻟﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﺯﺭﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬
،
‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻐل‬
‫ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻨﺘﻘل‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺒﻁﺄ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬
‫ﺇﻗﻔﺎل‬
‫ﻜﺎﻤل‬
.
‫ﺩ‬
-
‫ﻋﻭﺍﻤل‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻥ‬
:
‫ﺤﺩﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺇﻗﻔﺎل‬
‫ﺒﻌـﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻌـﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺒﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻀﻭﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻗﻔﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎ‬
‫ﻤل‬
.
‫ﺫ‬
-
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻡ‬
Size Parameters
:
‫ﺘﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺄﺤﺠﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺘﺼل‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
5
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺭ‬
15
‫ﻁﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺭ‬
.
‫ﻟﻤﻌـﺎﻴﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺨﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻭﻓﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬
.
5
(
‫ﺍﻹﻀﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬
Options
:
§
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻋﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻜﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬
.
§
‫ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻀﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺴﺎﺀ‬
.
§
‫ﻭﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﺍﺸﻑ‬
.
§
‫ﻭﺼﻭﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺤﺎﺕ‬
.
§
‫ﻤﺤﺭﻙ‬
24
‫ﻓﻭﻟﺕ‬
D.C
‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻁﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻁﺎﻗـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺘﺯﻭﻴﺩ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻁﺎﺭﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺸﺤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺼـﻨﺩﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺤﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﺒﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﻊ‬
.
§
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻭﻟﻴﺴﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺤﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻁﻴﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻷ‬
‫ﻟﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻁﺎﺒﻕ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻷﻤﺎﻥ‬
.
 
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫آﻟﯿﺔ‬
:
‫ﻜﻬﺭﺒـﺎﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺤـﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻘـﻭﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻔﻭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺴل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺏ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺩﻭﻴﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺒﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺒﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬
100
‫ﺤﺼﺎﻥ‬
.
‫ﻭﻨﻅﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻀﻊ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻻ‬‫ﻭﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺴل‬ ‫ﻡ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻠـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻴﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺴﻁﺢ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺭﻭﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﻲﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻨﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﻤـﻊ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻨﺴﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺌﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺴل‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺴﻔل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
.
‫ﻭﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺘﺤﺭﻴ‬
‫ﻤﻠﻔـﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻁﺎﻁﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺯﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺤﺭﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟـﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺤـﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺭﻤﺠﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬
‫ﻹﻋﻁﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻜﺎﺏ‬
.

10. 10
‫اﻟﺤﻠﺰوﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬
Spiral Escalator
:
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﺯﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﺭ‬
:
‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻗـﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﺯﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺜﻼﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﺍﻍ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻴﻤﺜل‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺫﻟﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺸﺎﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ‬
.
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﻜل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺤل‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺴﻭﺒﻴﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻋﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺴﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻤﻘﺎﻁﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬
)
‫ﺃﻓﻘـﻲ‬
‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘـﺔ‬ ،
‫ﻤﺎﺌﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻨﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
(
‫ﺍﻟـﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻁـﺭ‬ ‫ﻨـﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻘل‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺠﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼل‬
.
‫ﻭﻤﺭﻜـﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻁـﺭ‬ ‫ﻨـﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻨﻘل‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﺴﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻴﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺭﻴﺠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬
OL
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
OM
‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
OM
‫ﻭ‬
OU
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﺘﻘـﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺁﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻴﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺭﻜﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻨﻘل‬
.
 
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﺯﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬
:
§
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬
:
‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻅﻬﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬
‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬
‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻬﺭ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻤﺘﺤـﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺠﺎﺫﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﻅﻴﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻭﻀﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺨﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻀﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺭﺸﺩ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬
.

11. 11
International
Exhibition Center
Osaka (Osaka,
Japan) Rise:5.0m x 2
units
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
§
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺘﺨﻁـﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻀﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺒﻕ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﺭﺍﻏـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺒـﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻍ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺩﻥ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ‬‫ﺠﻤﻴ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺭﺍﺌﻌ‬
.
‫ﻤﺭﺘﻔﻌـﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻅﻭﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﺯﻭﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻭﻀﻊ‬
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﻜﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻨﻭﺭﺍﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺒل‬
.

 
San Francisco Center (U.S.A) Rise:6.6m x 2/4.8m x 4
units
§
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻍ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺭﻜﺯﻴـ‬ ‫ﻴﻜـﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﻤﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﻭﺡ‬
‫ﻓـﻲ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨﻭﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺯﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻌﻁﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻓﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻨﻁﺒﺎﻋ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﺅﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺠﺎل‬
.

12. 12
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﺯﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺭﺍﻍ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺠﻬـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻨﺎﺕ‬
...
Yamako Department
Store (Kofu,Japan)
Rise:5.0m x 2 units
 
 
 
 
§
‫ﺍﻟﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻔـﺭﺍﻍ‬ ‫ﻟﺯﻴـﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﺴﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﺯﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺯﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻁﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﻔﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬
.
‫ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﻩ‬
‫ﻟﻸﺴﻭﺍﻕ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺭﻜﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺩﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻠﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
.
‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﺩﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻺﻋﻼﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺩﻴﻜﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺠﺫﺍﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺓ‬
.
Yokkaichi Star Island (Yokkaichi, Japana) Rise:5.2m x 1
unit
§
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
:

13. 13
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﺭﺍﻏ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺨﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺭﺅﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻁﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻁﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻁﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻭﺍﺼﻠﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻭﻗﻔﻭﺍ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺴﺎﺤﺭ‬
‫ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬
.
Hiroshima Center
Building
(Hiroshima, Japan)
Rise:5.0m x 1 unit
§
‫ـﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻨـ‬ ‫ـﻴﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼـ‬

14. 14
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺭﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
)
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‬
(
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺔ‬
:
‫ﺘﻘـﺩﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨـﺩﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻨﻁﺒﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻁﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻓﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻤﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴـﻴﺌ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻨﻁﺒﺎﻋـ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻁﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﻬﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﻠﺒ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺜﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻙ‬
.
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬
:
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻗﺘ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﻐﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻡ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ‬‫ﻁﻭﻴ‬
‫ﺍﺴـﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺘـﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬
.
‫ﺘـﺸﺤﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻅﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻅﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺨﺫﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
،‫ﻟﻠﻤﻭﺍﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﻴﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬
.
‫ﺇﻀـﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘـﺸﻁﻴﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺇﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺘﺜﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻠﺒﻬﺎ‬
.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺯﺍﺕ‬
:
‫ﻭﻫـﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻤـل‬ ‫ﺒﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻨﻅﻔﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻀﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻅﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴل‬
‫ﺨﻁـﺭ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻠل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺯﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻘﺎﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺭﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻭﺙ‬
.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺭﺝ‬
:
‫ﻟﻠﺼﻴﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺔ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨﺴﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﻁﻭﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺘﻤﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺯﻤﻨـﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺠـﺩﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺩﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻟﻠ‬
‫ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬
،
‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻨﻅﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﺴل‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺒﺩﺍل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﻡ‬
‫ﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺭﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺁﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬
.
‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎل‬
‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺎﻨﺔ‬
:
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺘﺸﻤل‬
:
•
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺒﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻁﺭﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺤﺘﻜﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻀﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻐﻁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﻫﺎﻥ‬
.

15. 15
•
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺅﺸﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻗﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻹﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻭﻁ‬
.
•
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻨﻅﻴﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻏﻁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺩﻭﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺯﺠﺎﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ،‫ﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬
.
 
‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ‬
‫اﻵ‬
‫ﻣﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
:
 
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻤﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻌﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻥ‬
)
7300
(
‫ﺤﺎ‬
‫ﻓـ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﺠﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘـﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺒـﺴﺒﺏ‬
‫ﺇﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ‬
1994
،
)
75
(%
‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺼﺎﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻗـل‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻘﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻋـﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ‬
)
20
(%
‫ﺃﻴﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻘﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺘﺠﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻗﺩﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺫﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻴﻥ‬
.
 
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻁﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴل‬
‫ﺒﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻟﻡ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺘﺒﻌ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻟﻌﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺁﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻭﺍﻤل‬
‫ﺘﺸﻤل‬
:
-
1
(
‫ﻟﻼﻨﺯﻻﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺢ‬
،
‫ﺴﺘﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺘﺎﻨﻠﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻨﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬
.
2
(
‫ﺃﺯﺭﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺇﻁﻔﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻭﺘﻭﻤﺎﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬
،
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ‬
‫ﺠـﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺠﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻟﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻻﺘﺠﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻤﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬
.
3
(
‫ﺃﺠﺯﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺤﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺨﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬
،
‫ﻤﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﻅﻴﻔﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺼـﺎﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻟﻠـﺩﺍﺨل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨـﺯﻻﻕ‬ ‫ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻌل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻁﻔﺎل‬
.
4
(
‫ﺃﺯﺭﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺇﻴﻘﺎﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ‬
،
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﻬﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻭﺠﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻴﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺤﺎﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻭﻗﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ‬
.
5
(
‫ﺤﺴ‬ ‫ﻤﻔﺎﺘﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴل‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻀﻐﻁ‬ ‫ﺎﺴﺔ‬
،
‫ﺒﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻘﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻀﻐﻁ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺠﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻌﻴﻨ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺩﺍﺭ‬
.
6
(
‫ﻟﻤﻔﺎﺘﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻤﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻁﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻥ‬
،
‫ﺒﺒﺨـﺎﺥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴـﺩﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠـﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺯﻟﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺍﺌﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻁﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
.
7
(
‫ﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬
،
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺒﺈﻴﻘﺎﻑ‬
‫ﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺼﺒﺤﺕ‬
‫ﺠـﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻁﻭﻴﻠـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻜﺴﺭﺕ‬
.
8
(
‫ﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺠﺴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻘﺔ‬
،
‫ﻭﻴﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻁﻔﺊ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻕ‬ ‫ﺠﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺸﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺴﻔل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬
.
9
(
‫ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻜﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺩﺭﺍﻥ‬
،
‫ﺘﻌﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺤﺫﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﺔ‬
.
10
(
‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﺘﺩﻫﻥ‬
‫ﺒ‬
‫ﺄﻟﻭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻭﺍﻀﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻅﺎﻫﺭﺓ‬
.
 
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﺘﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬
‫ﺤﻴـﺙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤـﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﻜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺜل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺤﺘﻴﺎﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻭﻱ‬
‫ﻤﺜل‬
)
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﻀﻌﺎﻑ‬
-
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺘﺨﺩﻤﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻜﺎﻜﻴﺯ‬
(
‫ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
)
65
%
(
‫ﻤـﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺸﺨﺎﺹ‬
‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻭﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻌﺭﻀﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻴﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻡ‬
،‫ﻙ‬
‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺼﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﺩﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ‬
.
 
 
 

16. 16
‫إرﺷﺎدات‬
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻲ‬
:
1
(
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺘﺴﺘﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻜﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻋﻜﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺠـﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻜﺭﺍﺴﻲ‬
،
‫ﺍﺴـﺘﻌﻤل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤـﺼﻌ‬
‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻜﺒﺩﻴل‬
.
2
(
‫ﺍﻨﺘﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻁﻔﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻤﺴﻙ‬ ،
‫ﺒﺄﻴﺩﻴﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻤﻜﻨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻡ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﻋﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺯﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻭﺩ‬
.
3
(
‫ﺃﺒﻘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻁﻔﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺩﺍﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺒﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻔﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺄﻜﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺒﺎﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
.
4
(
‫ﺘﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻁﻔﺎل‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻠﻌﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻜﻭﺏ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬
.
5
(
‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺫﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺄﻜﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﺫﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺘﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻠﻡ‬
.
6
(
‫ﻭﻭﺠﻬﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺘﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻑ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻤﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻘﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬
.
7
(
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺍﺯﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﻓﻅﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺴﻙ‬
.
8
(
‫ﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺒﺯﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ل‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻀﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺃﻏﺭﺍﺽ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬
.
9
(
‫ﺍﺒﻌﺩ‬
‫ﺃﻁﺭﺍﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻭﺍﻨﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻴﺎﺏ‬
.
10
(
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺭﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺯل‬
‫ﺨﻠﻔﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺩ‬
.
11
(
‫ﺭﻜﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻴﺴﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻌﺒﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺨﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺭﻜﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬
.
 

17. 17
 
‫اﻟﺘﻮﺿﯿﺤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻁﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﺒل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﻭﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺩﻴﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﻴﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺭﺓ‬

18. 18
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة‬ ‫أﺷﻜﺎل‬
‫ﻟﻠﺴﻼ‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬

19. 19

20. 20

21. 21
‫اﻟﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة‬ ‫أﺷﻜﺎل‬
‫اﺋﺮﯾ‬
‫ﺔ‬

22. 22

23. 23
‫اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة‬ ‫أﺷﻜﺎل‬

24. 24
‫اﻟﻨﺎﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﯿﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة‬ ‫أﺷﻜﺎل‬
 
 
 
 
 

25. 25
‫اﻟﺘﻤﺮﯾﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
EXCERSISE
‫اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻼﻟﻢ‬
Escalators
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺨـل‬ ‫ﻜﻬﺭﺒـﺎﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻤﻭﺫﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺎﺼﻴل‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﻁﻠﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻜﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﺤﺩﻯ‬
‫ﻤـﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤـﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻬـﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺎﺭﻜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺭﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎﺕ‬
.
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ‬
)
‫ﺭﺴﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬
50:1
: (
§
‫ﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺭﺃﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻁﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻀﺤ‬
.
§
‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﻀﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﻭل‬ ‫ﺇﻴﺠﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺒﺔ‬
.
‫ﺒﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬
:
•
‫ﺍﻟﻁﺎﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺘﻔﺎﻉ‬
5.5
‫ﻤﺘﺭ‬
•
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺭﺍﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴل‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻭﻴﺔ‬
30
‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬
35
‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬
.
 