1. Prepared by/fata el hoor
VSAT ((very small aperture terminal))
VSAT(VERY SMALL APERTURE
TERMINALS

2. VSAT
 In this powerpoint we
aim to
• Describe the
technology of VSAT
• Planning process and
its topology
• BANDS OF VSAT

3. WHAT IS VSAT
 VSAT is micro_earth station that uses the
latest innovations in the field of satellite
communication to allow user’s access to
reliable satellite communication
 It is provide users with simple equipment that
required minimal installation and repair easy
to repair and simple to troubleshoot

4. VSAT STATION IN DETAILS

5. OVERALL VIEW ON VSAT STATION
 ODU&antenna provide RF conversion and
amplification for the satellite downlink &uplink
 ODU called transceiver
 In up link we use(up converter + SSPA)
 In down link we use (LNA & down converter)
 IDU provide modulation & demodulation
 From IDU we can obtain service we need (data-
telephone-fax)

6. ODU UNIT
As depicted in figure
We can see ODU unit !!

7. IDU FRONT VIEW IDU BACKWARD VIEW
IDU UNIT

8. it is excited that you
know we need low
power in some
cases solar cell
Providing power,
Simplicity in VSAT
installation
It takes only few
hours
LOW POWER CONSUMING

9. VSAT terminal is apart of
network with LARGER
earth station that serves
as network
The hub contain the
intelligence to control
network operation
configuration and traffic
each VSAT terminal .
Database generated by
the hub are else used for
billing purpose

10. HUB IN DETAIL

11. VSAT technology often
high availability &
reliability it is accuracy
reaches to 99.6 to
99.7percentage
For the total VSAT
network. BER(bit error
rate) is better than 1error
in 10 million transmitted
bits
VSAT RELIABLE SERVICE

12. RELATION BETWEEN VSAT&HUB

13. TERRESTRIAL VSAT
TWO TYPES IN COMPARISON!

14. TERRESTRIAL VSAT
 The cost per lease line  Long distance not apply to
increase with distance VSAT
between headquarter  VSAT can be managed
 It exposed to cable independently of terrestrial
connection break network
 Installation fee is related to  The equipment and
the required data rate installation costs VSAT
higher than terrestrial
alternatives
TWO TYPES IN COMPARISON!

15. VSAT
TERRESTRIAL
 Cost of dedicated lines  Cost of VSAT service
 Monthly  Service charges=….$
maintenance=……$  VSAT equipment cost=….$
 Installation fee(non  Installation fee(non
recurring)=………$ recurring)=……$
 Equipment charges=……$
 Service charges=…..$
COST OF EACH OTHER

16. COST OF TERRESTRIAL & VSAT IN PLOT

17. VSAT ADVANTAGES MORE AND MORE!
 In addition to low cost
 Full control over the
entire communication
network
 In sensivity to
distance between
nodes
 High grade of service
and flexibility

18. VSAT TOPOLOGY NETWORK
 We commonly use mesh &star topology in VSAT
network
 in star topology each VSAT transceiver only to the
hub .
 This isn't preclude VSAT terminals from
communication among themselves as vsat
communication is routing through hub by using two
satellite hop.
 Majority of VSAT use star topology because the large
antenna gain at the hub optimizes the use of space
segment and minimize the size of the VSAT terminal.
 The drawback of star topology is the delay for VSAT
to VSAT communication as we take two hops

19. STAR &MESH TOPOLOGY

20. MESH TOPOLOGY
 In mesh topology allow terminals to
communicate each other directly ,hub controlled
communication and tears down processes ,hub
not involved it in carrying traffic it said operate
hublessly it suited for voice that cannot tolerate
delay.
 VSAT terminals is equipped with the network
management and control equipment each VSAT
must have sufficient power and receive sensivity
(G/T) to communicate with every other VSAT .
 Mesh topology requires larger antennas and
SSPAs than star topology

21. VSAT BANDS
 Currently we use two frequency bandsC-
band and Ku-Band.
 For C-band operations, the antennas
transmit at 6 GHz and receive at 4 GHz.
 Ku-band requires transmission at 14 GHz
and reception at 11-12 GHz

22. WHICH FREQUENCY BAND IS BETTER!

23. There is no direct answer to this
question. The VSAT operator must
decide the frequency band based
on each band’s different aspects
listed in Table 1-1
Proper network engineering can
minimize the effects of Ku-band
signal
fading during rain. High network
availability is available at both
Ku- and Cband.
VSAT operators prefer Ku-band
to C-band because it allows them
to
reduce the capital investment by
using smaller antennas
TABLE 1-1. KU-BAND VS. C-BAND