1) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has an estimated worldwide prevalence of 5.29% and affects boys more than girls. 2) Risk factors for ADHD include biological and environmental factors such as gender, preterm birth, low birth weight, maternal obesity, smoking or drug use during pregnancy, and excessive screen time. 3) Diagnosis of ADHD involves using rating scales and considering biological and environmental risk factors; treatment includes non-pharmacological therapies as well as medications like methylphenidate and atomoxetine for children ages 6 and older.

1. KK ANIKA KLANG
Based on CPG 2020
MANAGEMENT OF ADHD IN
CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2. INTRODUCTION
Worldwide estimated prevalence is 5.29%
Estimated prevalence of ADHD in Malaysia range 1.6% to 4.6%
Boys are 3 to 4 times more likely to be diagnosed

4. RISK FACTORS
Biological Environmental factors
Gender, male have increased
risk
Maternal obesity Low APGAR score
Genetics Gdm,hypertension
Preterm birth and low birth
weight
Maternal psychosocial stress Traumatic brain injury
Maternal alcohol, drug,
cigarette use
Screen time > 2hours / day

5. HOW DO YOU DIAGNOSE
ADHD?

7. RATING SCALES

8. Psychoeducation
Non pharmacological treatment - occupational therapy, organisational skills training,
psychological intervention
Pharmacological treatment
TREATMENT

9. OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
INTERVENTION
OPEN VIDEO

10. Methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX) are indicated for ADHD in children six
years and older
PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT

11. MANAGEMENT IN PRIMARY CARE

12. WHEN TO REFER?

13. THANK YOU