Hydrocarbon E&P processes applications and computer uses

Hydrocarbon
Exploration & Production
Domain Information Systems
Scope of Document : Overview of E&P Technical IS.
Nature : Presentation
Security : Public
Author : G Srikanth
Date and Version : 20 October 2010 v1.0

Reliance Industries Ltd. Exploration & Production Business. India. 17-September-2008

Structure

1. Exploration & Production Paradigms
2. Business Processes
3. Technical Information Systems
– Traits of E&P Technical computation
– Usage Mechanism
4. Technical Solutions in use


Hydrocarbon Life-Cycle

Living Matter

CO2
Maturation
Effusion

Discovery Accumulation


Paradigms in Hydrocarbon Life-Cycle
1. Time
- HC life-cycle works in Geological Time
2. Space
– HC are generated, migrate and accumulate
deep inside earth
3. Size
– While the Micro-organisms that created HC
are tiny, the pore-spaces where it is stored
are tiny – The scale of processes and
accumulations are Huge.


Paradigms in Hydrocarbon Life-Cycle
1. Uniqueness of every HC pool
2. Non-repeatability of events in discovery and
production
3. Beyond experimental confirmation
4. Non-linear and unknown mathematical systems
These manifest as two dimensions
 UNCERTAINTY
 RISK


Sciences in Petroleum Geoscience

1. Mathematics  Fluid dynamics, Digital Signal
Processing, Fourier analysis
2. Physics  Rock physics (petrophysics), Geophysics –
Seismic , Instrumentation
3. Geology  Search, Discovery and Characterization
4. Geophysics  Seismic, Gravity and Magnetic surveys
5. Chemistry  Oil & Gas Composition, Properties, Drilling
Mud chemistry, Rock chemistry
6. Computer  Fractals, ANN, Fuzzy Sets, Advanced
Graphics


Technology in Petroleum E&P
1. Computer  Array Processors, HPC, Virtual Reality, Petabyte
storage
2. Chemical  Processing, Extraction, Plant design, Reservoir
engineering
3. Civil  Drill site preparation, plant sites, Field layout, Structural
design of platforms
4. Electronics & Communication  Design surveillance and
monitoring equipment, Communication, Instrumentation
5. Geodetic  Surveying and Positioning
6. Environment  Harazad studies, Spill management, Disposal
7. Mechanical  Drilling, Heavy Equipment, Plants
8. Petroleum  Well-Design, Flow-Networks, Production Optimization


Petroleum E&P Business Overview

Business Vision

 E&D is essentially Centered
$ $ around managing information
– Quality
~10,000CrIRS – Completeness
– Auditability
Information  Significant value accretion

Execution Valuation E&D is essentially obtaining
Auditing “reliable” information on O&G
Exploration &
Technology occurrence and recoverability
Development


E&P Processes


1. Acquire

Acquire Explore Appraise Develop Deplete

E&P Asset Life Cycle Abandon
1. Strategy
2. Intelligence to Locate Opportunities
– Compendium Services
3. Evaluate Opportunities
– Prospect Evaluation – Data
rooms, Analysis
– Risk Analysis
1. Tellus
4. Pursue Opportunities
– Economic Evaluation 2. Istore
– Bidding
– Legal & Contracts 3. IHS energy
5. Handover to Exploration
– Data Migration & Integration


2. Explore


1. Data Gathering
2. Prospect Maturation
3. Resource Assurance
4. Optimize and Rank Portfolio
5. Prepare for Drilling
6. Post-Well Analysis
7. Handover to Appraisal


2.1a Explore – Data Gathering




2.1b Explore – Data Processing
Engineering E&P
1. Design – AutoCad 1. Design – Forward Model
2. Simulation – FEM, CFD 2. Simulation – CFD, DSP, MLM,
Stochastic, Dynamic
3. Screening – LP, NLP
3. Screening – Visual, Heuristic
4. Presentation – Autocad, 3D
4. Presentation – Maps, 3D
5. Evaluation – Formal
5. Evaluation – Intuitive
Business DP
 Largely Numerical
1. Largely Transactional
 Record-level interdependency
2. Records are Independent
 One or Many Programs –
3. One Program – Algorithm  Each with Many Algorithms 
Multiple Users/Usage Few Users
4. ERP – Integrates data widely  Data processing is discrete

2.2 Exploration – Prospect Maturation


1. Basin Analysis E&P Asset Life Cycle Abandon
– BasinMOD
2. Play Analysis
– Regional GM
– Sequence Strat
– Seismic
3. Prospect Ident.
– Seismic F/I models
– Visual assimilation
4. Ranking & Optimization
5. Resource Assurance
6. Prepare for Drilling
– Pore-Pressure
– Well Design & Plan

3. Appraisal


1. Appraisal Plan
2. Data Gathering
3. Develop Asset Model
4. Scenarios
5. Drill & Validate
6. Evaluate Economic Viability
7. Optimization
8. Conceptual Development Plan
9. Hand-over to Development


3.3 Appraisal – Develop Asset Model &
Scenarios


1. Development Plan
– Design
– EPC
2. Well Completion Engineering
– Drill & Complete wells
3. Reservoir Capacity & Production Plan
– Testing
– Production Profiles
– Production Scenarios
4. Startup
5. Ramp-up
6. Steady-State Depletion


3.3 Appraisal – Develop Asset Model &
Scenarios


1. Subsurface Deplete Guidance E&P Asset Life Cycle Abandon
– Allocation
– Reservoir Management
– Characterization
– Feed-back Planning
2. Production Management
– Production Opt
– O&M
– Production accounting
3. HC storage & transportation
4. HC accounting
– Nomination –to- Cash
5. Demand Management
– Forecasting

E&P Asset Life cycle – IS features


1. Data Acquisition {Plan, Execute, Collect}
2. Data Processing {Basic, Advanced}
3. Data Interpretation {Numerical, Graphic, Visual}
4. Data Enhancement {Single/Multi variable models}
5. Data Consolidation
6. Data Management
7. Results Management


Typical Data Processing objectives


Application Inventory – Seismic &
Petrophysics
1. MESA 7 Petrophysics 116
2. ProMAGIC® Server 9 53. Geolog 116
3. Promagic Viz 12 54. GeoFrame/Elan + 118
4. Promax 3D 13 55. PetroWorks 120
5. Promax VSP 16
6. Geocluster 18
7. Geovista 20
8. Stratavista 21
9. Nucleus & Norsar 22


Application Inventory – Reservoir Engg.
64. Eclipse 100 (incl.Pseudo, VFP, GRAF) 137
65. Eclipse Schedule 139
66. Floviz / RT View 140
67. Eclipse Office 141
68. Eclipse Local Grid Refinement 142
69. Eclipse Gas Lift Optimisation 143
70. Eclipse Flux Boundary 144
71. Eclipse Gas Field Operations 145
72. Eclipse Coal Bed Methane 146
73. Eclipse Multi-Segmented Wells 147
74. Eclipse Flogrid 148
75. Eclipse Reservoir Coupling 150
76. Eclipse Networks 151
77. Eclipse SimOpt 152

E&P Asset Life cycle – IS features

Acquire Explore Develop Produce Abandon

E&P Asset Life Cycle
1. High Compute Capability
2. Diverse Application Portfolio for every function
3. High Data & Information Costs
4. Large data volumes
5. Complex Integration of wide range of data classes
6. Information Uncertainty needing multiple analysis and processes
7. World-wide operations and standard service requirements
8. Remote and hazardous work areas
9. Auditors, Certifiers, Collaborators and Regulators
10. High business Impact
 IT Components in E&P technical areas are unique to the business

E&P – Compute Capability Characteristics

Systems
1. Teraflop processing power needed in many areas of work
2. Very high memory capacity > 64GB needed in many applications
3. Imaging Systems – very high end graphics
4. Huge Data sizes
Applications
1. Specialized and very proprietary
2. Bought-in – Seldom developed
3. Multiplicity of Applications for same/similar functionality
4. Proprietary data structures and models
5. Long cycle times for expertise


Technical Data flow

Seismic data Drilling data
PDB

Studies are carried out in Standard
Project DataBases. These
Data sets
are organised by block and
interpretation Project
Production
Seismic
Approved Data
Apps Data sets
Geological
Apps
Petrophys. Manual
Apps
Reservoir input Master data

Integrated Data
Apps Data groups include:
CDB
Externally • Seismic
Technical applications Prepared Corporate data • Geology
data • Petrophysics
• Reservoir
A Corporate DataBase • Production
Tape Library-2 Pbytes • Drilling
is the repository of all Business • Culture
approved technical data Management • Assets
• Documents

E&P - Information Characteristics

1. High Information Costs
2. Complex data models – Structure and Semantics
3. Analytical complexity
4. Information Uncertainty
5. Large Risk


Is Time an Illusion?
The concepts of time and change may
emerge from a universe that, at root, is
utterly static
By Craig Callender June, 2010 {Scientific American}

Time is an especially hot topic right now in physics. The search for a unified
theory is forcing physicists to reexamine very basic assumptions, and few
things are more basic than time.
Some physicists argue that there is no such thing as time. Others think time
ought to be promoted rather than demoted. In between these two positions is
the fascinating idea that time exists but is not fundamental. A static world
somehow gives rise to the time we perceive.
Philosophers have debated such ideas since before the time of Socrates, but
physicists are now making them concrete. According to one, time may arise
from the way that the universe is partitioned; what we perceive as time reflects
the relations among its pieces


The Charm of Successful E&P
• Extensive Diversity for Thought
• Opportunity to be thinking beyond ordinary


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