2. MEXICO:HISTORY
Classic Period
(1500BC-
700AD)
Post Classic
Period (700AD-
1519AD)
Conquest
(1519AD)
Birth of Mexico
Independence
From Spain
(1821)
Colonial Period
(1519-1821)
Mexican
Revolution
(1910-1929)
One Party Rule
(1929-2000)
End of One
Party Rule
(2000-
3. Classic Period
(1500 BC-700
AD)
Mesoamerican
Teotihuacan
(Central
Mexico)
Nahua
peoples(south
Mexico)
Post Classic
Period (700-1519
AD)
Toltec Culture
(Central
America)
Chichen Itza
(lowlands of
Mexico)
Aztecs had a
tribute form of
control.
Conquest
(1519AD)
Arrival of
Hernán Cortés
Massacre of
Main Temple
Smallpox
Epidemic
(killed 15M
people)
Colonial Period
(1519-1821)
Part of Vice
Royalty of
New Spain.
Others were
Cuba, Costa
Rica and
Florida
Administratio
n based on
Race
4. Independence
From Spain
Miguel Hidalgo y
Costilla “Loyalist
Revolt”
José María Morelos
creation of “Solemn
act of declaration of
Independence”.
Treaty Of Cordoba
& Declaration of
Independence of
Mexican Empire
Birth Of Mexico
Augustine de
Iturbide “first
Emperor”
Revolt in 1823
created United
Mexican States
Guadalupe Victoria
first President.
Reform wars,
occupation by
France. Ended with
hanging of
Maximillian
Mexican
Revolution
Forced exile of
President Porfirio
Diaz.
Francisco I. Madero
became president,
later assassinated.
War Ended by
constitutional army
led by Venustiano
Carranza.
5. One Party
Rule
1929 formation of
PNR(National
Revolutionary
Party) by Calles
Nationalization of
OIL exploration
companies
Mexican Miracle
(high economic
growth but country
remained poor)
End of One
Party Rule
Carlos Salinas de
Gortari became
president.
Signed NAFTA
(North American
Free Trade
Agreement)
Collapse of
Economy in
1994.Recovered
through US support.
6. MEXICO:14° & 33° N 86° & 119° W
Area
• Total:1,972,55
0 sq km
• Land:1,923,
040 sq km
• Water::
49,510 sq
km
Land Sharing
• Belize 250 km
• Guatemala
962 km
• USA 3,141
km
Biodiversity
• 10%-12% of
world
• Second
Fastest rate of
deforestation
• Ranked first
in biodiversity
of reptiles
(707)
Country Area (SQ
KM)
1.Russi
a
17,098,
242
2.Cana
da
9,984,6
70
3.China 9,572,9
00
4.Unite
d
States
9,526,4
68
5.Brazil 8,515,7
67
6.Austr
alia
7,692,0
24
7.India 3,166,4
14
8.Arge
ntina
2,780,4
00
14.Me
xico
1,964,3
75
7. North
• California
• Arizona
• New Mexico and
• Texas
South and West
• Pacific Ocean
East
• Gulf Of Mexico
Borders Lowest Point
• Laguna Salada at -10
Meters
Highest Point
• Pico de Orizaba at
5,700 Meters (North
America)
Borders
• Coast Lines 9330 kms
• Land boundaries 4353
kms
Facts
11. CRUDE FERTILITY RATE
MEXICO
• 19.02
births/1,000
• World Rank
111
INDIA
• 21.00
births/1000
• World Rank
86
WORLD
• 19.12
births/1000
12. URBANIZATION • 78.1% of
total
populatio
n
• 1.49%
annual
change
HEALTHEXPENDITURES
• 6.4% Of
GDP.
• Ranked
97
• INDIA:
4.1% Of
GDP
EDUCATIONEXPENDITURE
• 6.1% Of
GDP
(2009)
• Ranked
72
• INDIA:
4% Of
GDP
13. • Total 93.5%
• Male 94.8%
• Female 92.3%
Literacy Rate
• Total 9.4%
• Male:9.1%
• Female:9.9%
Un-
Employment
Rate
• Literacy Rate:74.04%
• Un-Employment: 8.8%India
15. Working class : Includes
staples such as corn or
wheat tortillas, along
with beans, rice,
tomatoes, chili peppers
and chorizo, a type of
pork sausage.
Middle- and upper-
income class: Are more
closely aligned with diets
of Americans and
Europeans and include a
wide variety of food
items prepared in wide
range of culinary styles.
Mexico is known for its
tequila, which is made
from agave cactus. Soda
is a very popular drink in
Mexico has a well-
developed beverage
industry.
FOOD
16. • Clay pottery
• Embroidered Cotton Garments
• Wool Shawls and outer garments
• Colourful Baskets and RugsMexican folk art
• Group of musicians playing violins and
guitars, bases,vihuelas and trumpets
wearing silver-studded ‘charro’ suits
Mariachi Style of folk music
17. Holidays and celebrations
Dec 12
The day of the
Virgin
Guadalupe
Sept. 16
Independence
Day
May 5
Cinco De Mayo
Nov 1 & 2
Day of the
Dead
Main Holidays and Celebrations
18. ENERGY RESOURCES
RESOURCE VALUE UNITS RANK TOP FIVE AND INDIA
RENEWABLE
SOURCES
15.286 TWh 1 4
2 5
3 6
COAL
RESERVES
1211 Million
tons
25 1 4
2 5
3
NATURAL GAS
RESERVES
359,700,000,000 Cubic Meters
(cu m)
37 1 4
2 5
3 25
OIL
RESERVES
10,264 BARRELS
(MMbbl)
18 1 4
2 5
3 19
19. MINING RESOURCES
The country is a major producer of silver, gold, copper, lead, zinc
and molybdenum.
World’s number one silver producer with a production of over 10
billion ounces of silver and current annual production in excess of
100 million ounces a year.
Silver Gold
(in million ounces) (in metric tons)
RANK COUNTRIES PROD’N
1 MEXICO 169.7
2 PERU 118.1
3 CHINA 118
4 AUSTRALIA 59.2
5 RUSSIA 45.4
13 INDIA 12.1
RANK COUNTRIES PROD’N
1 CHINA 420
2 AUSTRALIA 255
3 USA 227
4 RUSSIA 220
5 PERU 150
8 MEXICO 100
20. OIL PRODUCTION
• RUSSIA (13.8%)
• SAUDI
ARABIA(13.09%)
• USA(12.23%)
• CHINA(5.15%)
• CANADA(4.54%)
• IRAN(4.14%)
• IRAQ(3.75%)
• UAE(3.76%)
• VENEZUELA(3.56%)
• MEXICO(3.56%)(10th)
• INDIA(1.04%)(23rd)
42. •A slew of economic reforms in industries ranging from
telecoms to energy by President Enrique Pena Nieto.
• Mexico drew a record $35.2 billion in foreign direct
investment (FDI) last year
49. AUTOMOBILE
Forms 17.6% of manufacturing sector
2.8 million cars per year from 20 plants across
Mexico
In 2014 $10billion investments done in first
few months
Existence of the ‘Big Three’
8th largest automaker & 4th largest exporter
Contribution to GDP 3.6%
55. AEROSPACE
Exports amounted to $5.4 billions in 2012
FDI in the sector exceeded $1300 millions
Mexico is one of the few countries with a Bilateral
Aviation Safety Agreement (BASA) with the Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA).
MD Helicopters, Bell, Cessna, Bombardier
Aeromarmi, Frisa aerospace & Kou aerospace
56.
57.
58. CEMENT
15th in world, after China, India, Iran, USA….
Six major cement producers:
Cemex(49%) (World’s 3rd largest)
Holcim Apasco(21%)
Cruz Azul(16%)
Cementos Moctezuma(10%)
Cementos Chihuahua
Lafarge Cementos
59.
60. Overview of Manufacturing Sector
Mexican manufacturing has a significant advantage in
energy costs
Manufacturing wages, are likely to be 30 percent lower
than in China by 2015.
Mexico has more free-trade agreements than any other
country.
Industry clusters, especially in autos and appliances, are
growing.
Maquiladora
61. TOP THREE COMPANIES IN MEXICO
GLOBAL
RANK
100
349
400
COMPANY
AMERICA
MOVIL
FEMSA
GRUPO
MEXICO
SALES
($billion)
60.2
18.5
10.4
PROFITS
($billion)
7.1
1.6
2.4
ASSETS
($billion)
74.6
22.6
18.4
MARKET
VALUE
($billion)
70.7
37.7
32.3
63. SERVICES
• 59.8% of GDP (PPP)
• 61.9% of Work Force
• Major Parts:
Energy and Power
Infrastructure
Retail
Tourism
Banking and Finance
64. SERVICES: Opportunities
• Mexico’s government is focused on improving its
infrastructure in many fronts
• Mexico invests heavily in new container ports and the
modernization of airports and railroads
• The 2013‐2018 National Infrastructure Program (NIP),
2013
• Estimated US$400 billion dollars for investment in
infrastructure.
• The government plans to invest approximately US$2.5
billion dollars in developing wind farms
http://www.napsintl.com/manufacturing-in-mexico/infrastructure-in-mexico/
Editor's Notes
Porfirio Diaz : Mexican president Porfirio Díaz brought unprecedented economic growth during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. This growth was accompanied by foreign investment and European immigration, the development of an efficient railroad network and the exploitation of the country's natural resources. Annual economic growth between 1876 and 1910 averaged 3.3%.[22] Political repression and fraud, as well as huge income inequalities exacerbated by the land distribution system based on latifundios, in which large haciendas were owned by a few but worked by millions of underpaid peasants living in precarious conditions, led to the Mexican Revolution (1910–1917), an armed conflict that drastically transformed Mexico's political, social, cultural, and economical structure during the twentieth century under a premise of social democracy. The war itself, however, left a harsh toll in the economy and population, which decreased over the 11-year period between 1910 and 1921. The reconstruction of the country was to take place in the following decades.
The period from 1930 to 1970 was dubbed by economic historians as the "Mexican Miracle", a period of economic growth that followed the end of the Mexican Revolution and the resumption of capital accumulation during peacetime. During this period the nation adopted the economic model of import substitution industrialization (ISI) which protected and promoted the development of national industries. The country experienced an economic boom through which industries rapidly expanded their production.[23] Important changes in the economic structure included free land distribution to peasants under the concept of ejido, the nationalization of the oil and railroad companies, the introduction of social rights into the constitution, the birth of large and influential labor unions, and the upgrading of infrastructure. While population doubled from 1940 to 1970, GDP increased sixfold during the same period.[24]
