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ASSIGNMENT
DRIVE SUMMER 2014
PROGRAM MBADS / MBAN2 / MBAHCSN3 / MBAFLEX – (SEM 3)
PGDENMN /PGDFMN/ PGDHRMN / PGDHSMN / PGDIB /
PGDISMN / PGDMMN / PGDOMN / PGDPMN /PGDROMN
/ PGDSCMN / PGDTQMN – (SEM 1)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME MB0050 - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
BK ID B1700
CREDITS 4
MARKS 60
Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be
approximately of 400 words. Each question is followed by evaluation scheme.
1 How would you distinguish between a management decision problem and a management
research problem? Do all decision problems require research? Explain and illustrate with
examples.
Answer : Decision Problem and Research Problem
Drivers for problem formulation:
1. Unaticipated change, basically in the environment of the
focal firm (suppliers,competitors, customers)
2. Planned change (estimation, effects, outcome)
3. Serendipity (random ideas or information)
Differetn Problem Levels:
1) Individual orientation, PSYCHOLOGY
2 How are research designs classified?What are the distinguishing features of each? Differentiate
by giving appropriate examples.
Answer:The researchdesignreferstothe overall strategythatyouchoose tointegrate the different
components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring you will effectively
address the research problem; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement, and
analysis of data.

2. Action Research Design
3 Discuss with the help of examples the four key levels of measurement. What mathematical
operations/statistical techniques are and are not permissible on data from each type of scale?
Answer : 4 Levels of Measurement
Nominal Scale
The nominal scale (also called dummy coding) simply places people, events, perceptions, etc. into
categoriesbasedonsome commontrait.Some data are naturallysuitedtothe nominal scale such as
malesvs.females,redheadsvs.blondesvs.brunettes, and African American vs. Asian. The nominal
scale forms the basis for such analyses as Analysis
4 Processingof data involvesediting,coding,classifyingand tabulating.Explain each ofthese steps
by taking an appropriate example.
Answer : After collecting data, the method of converting raw data into meaningful statement;
includes data processing, data analysis, and data interpretation and presentation.
Data reductionor processingmainlyinvolvesvariousmanipulationsnecessaryforpreparingthe data
for analysis. The process (of manipulation) could be manual or electronic. It involves editing,
categorizing the open-ended questions, coding, computerization and preparation of tables and
diagrams.
5 Distinguish between the following:
a. Null hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis
Answer : The Null Hypothesis
The null hypothesis reflects that there will be no observed effect for our experiment. In a
mathematical formulationof the null hypothesisthere will typicallybe anequal sign.Thishypothesis
is denoted by H0.
b. One tailed and two tailed tests
Answer:A one- or two-tailedt-testisdeterminedbywhetherthe total area of a is placed in one tail
or divided equally between the two tails. The one-tailed t-test is performed if the results are
interesting only if they turn out in a particular direction. The two-tailed t-test is performed if the
resultswouldbe interestingineitherdirection. The choice of a one- or two-tailed t-test effects the
hypothesis testing procedure in a number of different ways.
c. Type I and Type II error
Answer : Type I error

3. A type I erroroccurs whenone rejectsthe null hypothesiswhenit is true. The probability of a type I
error isthe level of significance of the test of hypothesis, and is denoted by *alpha*. Usually a one-
tailed test of hypothesis is is used when one talks
d. One way and two way analysis of variance
Answer:The two-wayanalysisof variance isanextensiontothe one-wayanalysisof variance.There
are two independent variables (hence the name two-way).
Assumptions
 The populationsfromwhichthe sampleswereobtainedmustbe normally or approximately
normally distributed.
 The samples must be independent.
 The variances of the populations must be equal.
e. Descriptive and inferential analysis of data
Answer : Descriptive Statistics :
Descriptive statistics includes statistical procedures that we use to describe the population we are
studying.The data could be collected from either a sample or a population, but the results help us
organize anddescribe data.Descriptive statisticscanonlybe usedto describe the groupthatis being
studying. That is, the results cannot be generalized to any larger group.
6 a. What is Chi-square testof goodnessof fit?What precautionsare necessary while applying this
test? Point out its role in business decision making.
Answer :
Chi-square isastatistical testcommonlyusedtocompare observeddatawithdata we would expect
to obtain according to a specific hypothesis. For example, if, according to Mendel's laws, you
expected 10 of 20 offspring from a cross to be male and the actual observed number was 8 males,
then you might want to know about the "goodness to fit" between the observed and expected.
Were the deviations (differences between observed
b. Two researchworkers classifiedsome people inincome groups on the basisof sampling studies.
Their results are as follow:
Investigators Income groups Total
Poor Middle Rich
A 160 30 10 200

4. B 140 120 40 300
C 300 150 50 500
Show that the sampling technique of atleast one research worker is defective.
Answer:Let us take the hypothesis that the sampling techniques adopted by research workers are
similar(i.e.there isnodifference between the techniques adopted by research workers).This being
so, the expectations of A investigator classifying the people in
(I)Poor Income Group : =200 x 300 /500 =120
Dear students get fully solved assignments
Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
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or
Call us at : 08263069601
(Prefer mailing. Call in emergency )