The Pursuit of Peace in a Time of Polycrisis
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Governments have claimed to be pursuing peace since time immemorial, with seemingly little progress to show for it. Numerous treaties, declarations, laws and covenants have been signed to eliminate war or reduce its effects, yet societies continue to fight and to suffer, despite these efforts. In this talk, we will survey the historical benchmarks of war and peace in world politics, consider where things went wrong, and speculate about how peace might be achieved in the context of an ongoing global crisis.
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The Pursuit of Peace in a Time of Polycrisis
- 1. PRESENTED BY: ROSALIND WARNER 001 OKANAGAN COLLEGE TWITTER(X): @RWARNER23 ROZWARNER.CA ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 2. 003 ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA Dark clouds are smouldering into red While down the craters morning burns. The dying soldier shifts his head To watch the glory that returns; He lifts his fingers toward the skies Where holy brightness breaks in flame; Radiance reflected in his eyes, And on his lips a whispered name. SIEGFRIED SASSOON (1886-1967) You'd think, to hear some people talk, That lads go West with sobs and curses, And sullen faces white as chalk, Hankering for wreaths and tombs and hearses. But they've been taught the way to do it Like Christian soldiers; not with haste And shuddering groans; but passing through it With due regard for decent taste. 002
- 3. How can we end war altogether? Who is responsible? Why does it keep happening? Can we do anything? How did it all go so wrong? So Many Questions How did we get here? 003 ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 4. How can we end war altogether? Who is responsible? Why does it keep happening? Can we do anything? How did it all go so wrong? So Many Questions How did we get here? 004 ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 5. It’s Our Thinking It’s the Structure It’s Just Us 005 HOW DID WE GET HERE? WHY DOES IT KEEP HAPPENING?? THE POLYCRISIS CAN WE DO ANYTHING? A WAY FORWARD ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 6. BUSINESS PROPOSAL 006 Genghis Khan was a Madlad ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 8. 008 “...a situation where crises in multiple global systems become intertwined.” ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 11. 011 The Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 Laws and institutions can guide behaviour and bring out the good in humans The League of Nations WHY DOES IT KEEP HAPPENING....IT’S THE STRUCTURE ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 12. 010 "the strength of nations...varies from century to century, [but] the world continues to offer glittering prizes to those who have stout hearts and sharp swords; it is therefore improbable that the experience of future ages will differ from that which has happened since the twilight of the human race” [Hobbes] ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 13. 013 HOBBES: “INHERENTLY DESTRUCTIVE, SELFISH, COMPETITIVE AND AGGRESSIVE” EINSTEIN: “MAN HAS IN HIM AN ACTIVE INSTINCT FOR HATRED AND DESTRUCTION” FREUD: ‘DEATH INSTINCT’ KONRAD LORENZ: AN AGGRESSIVE INSTINCT IS EMBEDDED IN GENETIC MAKE-UP OF ALL ANIMALS ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 15. 015 CHANGING THINKING CHANGING STRUCTURE CHANGING OURSELVES Cognitive engineering Social engineering Human engineering ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 16. 01 6 WE NEED TO REJECT The idea that war has never changed The idea that war is purely structural The idea that war is in human nature WE NEED TO EMBRACE The idea that peace happens The idea that peace may follow changes in war The idea that peace is more than the absence of war ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 17. 017 Decision makers can minimize mistakes due to misperceptions by: Making assumptions and beliefs as explicit as possible Remaining cognizant of pitfalls of interpreting data only as consistent with one’s own theory Being willing to work with information from different angles ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 18. 018 Second, ask us to distinguish the “how” of conduct from the “why” of conduct First, the laws of war ask observers to hold each side responsible for respecting the rules regardless of the actions of the other. Third, the laws of war encourage combatants to view one another as fundamentally human and worthy of dignity and protection. ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA
- 22. DON'T HESITATE TO ASK ANY QUESTIONS! 022 ROWARNER@OKANAGAN.BC.CA