This document discusses three types of Islamic charities related to Ramadan: Zakat-ul-Fitr, Fidya, and Kuffarah. It defines each, provides examples of calculation amounts using various food items, and explains who the payments are made to and for what reasons. It also includes trivia questions that test understanding of when each payment type is required. The key information covered includes that Zakat-ul-Fitr is paid before Eid prayers by each Muslim to the poor and needy, Fidya is paid if one cannot fast, and Kuffarah is paid for intentionally breaking a fast without a valid excuse.

1. The Masail of Zakat-ul-
Fitr/Fidya/Kuffarah
A Review of the 3 Types of Charities Related to
Ramadan

2. Fasting is Obligatory
•O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was
prescribed to those before you, that ye may (learn) self-
restraint [Quran 2:183]

3. Who is Exempted from Fasting?
• Pregnant Women
• Expecting Women
• Menstruating Women
• Medically ill/Terminally ill
• Travelers (travel being less than certain number of days and more than certain
number of miles)
• Prepubescent children
• Elderly people

4. Quranic Verses Related to Exceptions
• (Fasting) for a fixed number of days; but if any of you is ill, or on a journey, the prescribed
number (Should be made up) from days later. For those who can do it (With hardship), is a
ransom, the feeding of one that is indigent. But he that will give more, of his own free will,- it is
better for him. And it is better for you that ye fast, if ye only knew. [Quran 2:184]
• The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind, and clear
proofs of the guidance, and the Criterion (of right and wrong). And whosoever of you is present,
let him fast the month, and whosoever of you is sick or on a journey, (let him fast the same)
number of other days. Allah desireth for you ease; He desireth not hardship for you; and (He
desireth) that ye should complete the period, and that ye should magnify Allah for having guided
you, and that peradventure ye may be thankful. [Quran 2:185]

5. Zakat-ul-Fitr (Fitrana)
• Abdullah Ibn ‘Umar (RA) narrates, ‘Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬ enjoined the
payment of one Ṣāʿ’ of dates or one Ṣāʿ’ of barley as Zakat-ul-fitr on every
Muslim slave or free, male or female, young or old, and he ordered that it be
paid before the people went out to offer the ‘Eid prayer.’ [Al-Bukhari]
• Abdullah Ibn ‘Umar (RA) reports that Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬ instructed us
to give Sadaqah al-fitr of one Ṣāʿ’ of dates or one Ṣāʿ’ of barley. Abdullah
Ibn ‘Umar mentions that the Sahabah later gave two mud (½ Sa’) of wheat in
place of dates and barley. [Al-Bukhari]

6. Zakat-ul-Fitr Calculations
• Ṣāʿ = 4 double handfuls
• Wheat: The classical amount is ½ Ṣāʿ, it is equivalent to approximately
1.75 Kilograms
• Barley: The classical amount is 1 Ṣāʿ, it is equivalent to approximately 3.5 Kilograms
• Raisins: The classical amount is 1 Ṣāʿ, it is equivalent to approximately 3.5 Kilograms
• Dates: The classical amount is 1 Ṣāʿ, it is equivalent to approximately 3.5 Kilograms.

7. Zakat-ul-Fitr Calculations
• In Kroger:
• 2.26KG Whole Wheat Crushed Flour = $2
• Per KG price = $2/2.26 = $0.9/KG
• Zakat-ul-Fitr = 1.75 times 0.9 = $1.575 for Whole Wheat Crushed Flour
• 0.85KG Whole Grain Barley = $3
• Per KG price = $3/0.85= $3.53/KG
• Zakat-ul-Fitr = 3.5 times 3.53 = $12.355 for Whole Grain Barley

8. Zakat-ul-Fitr Calculations
• At Amazon:
• 11.34KG Whole Grain Wheat = $40
• Per KG price = $40/11.34 = $3.53/KG
• Zakat-ul-Fitr = 1.75 times $3.53 = $6.2

9. Zakat-ul-Fitr payable ONLY to those eligible
for Zakat [Quran 9:60]
• the poor,
• the needy,
• collectors of Zakat,
• reconciliation of hearts,
• freeing captives / slaves
• debtors,
• those fighting for a religious cause or a cause of God or for in the way of Allah,
• the traveler.

10. Fidya
• Fidya is the Islamic name for the obligatory charitable contribution made
when you cannot fast either through illness, old age or pregnancy and should
only be made if you cannot make up your fasts at a later date. Contributing
your Fidya for not fasting will feed someone living in poverty twice or help
to provide two impoverished people with a meal each.
• Equal to Zakat-ul-Fitr amount
• In the case of the Whole Grain Wheat Flour at Amazon = $6.2
• Islamic Relief Charity has set it at $10 for 2020

11. Kuffarah
• Kuffarah is the donation made when you deliberately miss or break your fast
during the month of Ramadan without a valid reason. Kuffarah is not an
obligatory contribution as you can choose to fast continuously for 60 days,
although, if you intentionally miss or break another fast, you must begin the
60 days again. The Kuffarah contribution is used to feed 60 people living in
poverty.
• Equal to Zakat-ul-Fitr amount times 60

12. Trivia
• Sara (18) wanted to keep a fast but was not woken up by her parents or her
alarm did not go off. What does she pay for her missed fast?
• Answer: Give Fidya to feed one poor person.

13. Trivia
• Fatima (6) who hasn’t started her periods yet, wanted to keep a fast but was
not woken up by her parents. What does she pay for her missed fast?
• Answer: Nothing!

14. Trivia
• Khadija (22) decided not to fast one day. She was feeling too lazy to get up
for Suhoor. She is not in any of the exceptions mentioned in Quran [2:184-
185]. What does she pay for missing one fast?
• Answer: Kuffarah – feed 60 people or keep 60 consecutive fasts.
• In the case of the Amazon floor – Pay $6.2 times 60 = $372 to a poor
person.

15. Trivia
• Hina’s periods started during Ramadan and she missed 7 days of fasting.
What should she do?
• Answer: Pay Fidya amount times 7 plus make up the 7 fasts at her earliest.

16. Trivia
• Ahmed is married to Zainab. He also has three children and an elderly
dependent father living with him. How much does he owe in Zakat-ul-Fitr?
Who does he give it to and when?
• Answer: Pay Zakat-ul-Fitr amount ($6.2 in case of Amazon floor) times 6 to
someone that is Zakat-eligible. He can pay it anytime after the start of
Ramadan BUT BEFORE Eid-ul-Fitr prayers.