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Young et al. (2004) tested the hypothesis that the length of the spikes on the fringe around the
head of the horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii) helps prevent predation by the loggerhead shrike
(Lanius ludovicianus). They measured the longest spike length on two groups of horned lizards:
living individuals (n = 15) and dead individuals that had been impaled on thorns or barbed wire (n
= 15). The latter group represents those killed by loggerhead shrikes, which impale prey for later
consumption. Living individuals had a mean spike length of 24.28 mm, with a standard deviation of
2.63. Dead individuals had a mean spike length of 21.99 mm, with a standard deviation of 2.71
(5 pts) Young et al. (2004) tested the hypothesis that the length of the spikes on the fringe around
the head of the horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii) helps prevent predation by the loggerhead
shrike (Lanius ludovicianus). They measured the longest spike length on two groups of horned
lizards: living individuals (n=15) and dead individuals that had been impaled on thorns or barbed
wire (n=15). The latter group represents those killed by loggerhead shrikes, which impale prey for
later consumption. Living individuals had a mean spike length of 24.28mm, with a standard
deviation of 2.63 . Dead individuals had a mean spike length of 21.99mm, with a standard
deviation of 2.71 .

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Young et al 2004 tested the hypothesis that the length of.pdf

  • 1. Young et al. (2004) tested the hypothesis that the length of the spikes on the fringe around the head of the horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii) helps prevent predation by the loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus). They measured the longest spike length on two groups of horned lizards: living individuals (n = 15) and dead individuals that had been impaled on thorns or barbed wire (n = 15). The latter group represents those killed by loggerhead shrikes, which impale prey for later consumption. Living individuals had a mean spike length of 24.28 mm, with a standard deviation of 2.63. Dead individuals had a mean spike length of 21.99 mm, with a standard deviation of 2.71 (5 pts) Young et al. (2004) tested the hypothesis that the length of the spikes on the fringe around the head of the horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcallii) helps prevent predation by the loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus). They measured the longest spike length on two groups of horned lizards: living individuals (n=15) and dead individuals that had been impaled on thorns or barbed wire (n=15). The latter group represents those killed by loggerhead shrikes, which impale prey for later consumption. Living individuals had a mean spike length of 24.28mm, with a standard deviation of 2.63 . Dead individuals had a mean spike length of 21.99mm, with a standard deviation of 2.71 .