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Clasificación y morfología de los parásitos
Universidad del Valle de México
Campus Mérida
Microbiología e Inmunología
Tercer Parcial
Parasitos
Recommended
Clasificación y morfología de los parásitos
Universidad del Valle de México
Campus Mérida
Microbiología e Inmunología
Tercer Parcial
Parasitos
Helmintiasis
HELMINTIASIS
Las helmintiasis son enfermedades parasitarias en las que una parte del cuerpo está infestada de gusanos, como son las lombrices intestinales, solitarias o gusanos redondos.
ETIOLOGIA
Las helmintiasis transmitidas por el suelo son una enfermedad parasitaria causada por diferentes especies de gusanos. Se transmiten por huevos presentes en las heces humanas que contaminan el suelo o en las zonas con malos sistemas de saneamiento ya sea por el agua o los alimentos contaminados por huevecillos, o por manos sucias sobre todo en el caso de los niños pequeños, o por mascotas.
Pueden ser:
NEMATELMINTOS.- Son los gusanos redondos, conocidos popularmente como lombrices. Los más comunes son:
Enterobius vermicularis oxiuros.
Áscaris lumbricoides.
Trichuris trichura.
Strongiloides stercoralis.
Ancylostoma.
Duodenale .
Necator americanus (uncinarias).
Muchas veces se les puede apreciar vivos en las heces con tamaños que varían desde una hebra de hilo hasta el diámetro de una lombriz de tierra.
PLATELMINTOS.- Son los gusanos planos, conocidos popularmente como Taenias. Los más comunes son:
Taenia solium (tenia del cerdo).
Taenia saginata (tenia de la vaca).
Hymenolepis nana (tenia de la rata).
Equinococcus granulosum (tenia del perro).
Se caracterizan por su forma plana e inactiva y al ser eliminados, cuando tienen una gran extensión, se les aprecia en las heces como pedazos delgados inmóviles parecidos a un centímetro de costura.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
En todo el mundo, aproximadamente 1500 millones de personas, casi el 24% de la población mundial, está infectada por helmintos transmitidos por el suelo.
Las helmintiasis transmitidas por el suelo están ampliamente distribuidas por las zonas tropicales y subtropicales, especialmente en el África subsahariana, América, China y Asia oriental.
Más de 270 millones de niños en edad preescolar y más de 600 millones en edad escolar viven en zonas con intensa transmisión de esos parásitos y necesitan tratamiento e intervenciones preventivas.
FISIOPATOLOGIA
Dicha enfermedad se caracteriza por diarrea debido al desarrollo de parásitos adultos en el intestino, dolores musculares, fiebre, malestar general.
• Crecimiento y dolor del abdomen
Ictericia
Dolores de cabeza
Convulsiones
Vértigo
Problemas de visión
Fiebre
Fatiga
Hígado agrandado.
PATOLOGIA
Los huevecillos, después de invadir el organismo, dejan escapar pequeñísimas larvas que perforan el intestino delgado, viajan por la sangre, mientras maduran, y regresan al aparato digestivo y al intestino delgado para llegar a gusanos adultos. Pero también se pueden encontrar en el hígado, músculos y otros órganos.
PARACLINICOS
Los métodos paraclínicos de elección para el diagnóstico de las helmintiasis intestinales son el examen coproparasitario y la espátula adhesiva. Ambas técnicas deben se
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Helmintiasis
HELMINTIASIS
Las helmintiasis son enfermedades parasitarias en las que una parte del cuerpo está infestada de gusanos, como son las lombrices intestinales, solitarias o gusanos redondos.
ETIOLOGIA
Las helmintiasis transmitidas por el suelo son una enfermedad parasitaria causada por diferentes especies de gusanos. Se transmiten por huevos presentes en las heces humanas que contaminan el suelo o en las zonas con malos sistemas de saneamiento ya sea por el agua o los alimentos contaminados por huevecillos, o por manos sucias sobre todo en el caso de los niños pequeños, o por mascotas.
Pueden ser:
NEMATELMINTOS.- Son los gusanos redondos, conocidos popularmente como lombrices. Los más comunes son:
Enterobius vermicularis oxiuros.
Áscaris lumbricoides.
Trichuris trichura.
Strongiloides stercoralis.
Ancylostoma.
Duodenale .
Necator americanus (uncinarias).
Muchas veces se les puede apreciar vivos en las heces con tamaños que varían desde una hebra de hilo hasta el diámetro de una lombriz de tierra.
PLATELMINTOS.- Son los gusanos planos, conocidos popularmente como Taenias. Los más comunes son:
Taenia solium (tenia del cerdo).
Taenia saginata (tenia de la vaca).
Hymenolepis nana (tenia de la rata).
Equinococcus granulosum (tenia del perro).
Se caracterizan por su forma plana e inactiva y al ser eliminados, cuando tienen una gran extensión, se les aprecia en las heces como pedazos delgados inmóviles parecidos a un centímetro de costura.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
En todo el mundo, aproximadamente 1500 millones de personas, casi el 24% de la población mundial, está infectada por helmintos transmitidos por el suelo.
Las helmintiasis transmitidas por el suelo están ampliamente distribuidas por las zonas tropicales y subtropicales, especialmente en el África subsahariana, América, China y Asia oriental.
Más de 270 millones de niños en edad preescolar y más de 600 millones en edad escolar viven en zonas con intensa transmisión de esos parásitos y necesitan tratamiento e intervenciones preventivas.
FISIOPATOLOGIA
Dicha enfermedad se caracteriza por diarrea debido al desarrollo de parásitos adultos en el intestino, dolores musculares, fiebre, malestar general.
• Crecimiento y dolor del abdomen
Ictericia
Dolores de cabeza
Convulsiones
Vértigo
Problemas de visión
Fiebre
Fatiga
Hígado agrandado.
PATOLOGIA
Los huevecillos, después de invadir el organismo, dejan escapar pequeñísimas larvas que perforan el intestino delgado, viajan por la sangre, mientras maduran, y regresan al aparato digestivo y al intestino delgado para llegar a gusanos adultos. Pero también se pueden encontrar en el hígado, músculos y otros órganos.
PARACLINICOS
Los métodos paraclínicos de elección para el diagnóstico de las helmintiasis intestinales son el examen coproparasitario y la espátula adhesiva. Ambas técnicas deben se
Enfermedades producidas por nematodos.
es una presentacion de enfermedades producidas por nematodos, caracteristicas, ciclo de vida de los dos principales nematodos que producen 2 enfermedades las cuales son la gastroenteritis verminotica y dyctiocaulosis.
Helmintologia Veterinaria PB
Presentacion para el curso de Parasitologia sistemica sobre los principios básicos de la helmintologia veterinaria. Se describen las principales caracteristicas de acantocefalos, trematodos, cestodos y nematodos de importancia veterinaria
Los parásitos en el cuerpo humano. Presentación de power point
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