This document provides an introduction to HTML elements, attributes, and core attributes. It discusses how HTML elements contain starting and closing tags to delineate content. Attributes provide additional information about elements and are specified in starting tags. Common attributes discussed include id for uniquely identifying elements, class for associating with stylesheets, title for suggested titles, and style for inline CSS. Generic attributes like align, valign, bgcolor, background, width, and height are also overviewed.

1. Web Programming
SYED SHAHZAIB SOHAIL

2. Lecture 1
Introduction to HTML

3. Contents
• HTML Elements
• HTML Attributes
• CoreAttributes
• Generic Attributes

4. HTML Elements
• What are HTML elements?
• An HTML element starts with a starting tag. If the element contains any content it
ends with a closing tag.
StartTag Content EndTag
<p> Paragraph content </p>
<h1> Heading content </h1>
<img />

5. Continued…
• <start tag> … content … </end tag>
Element

6. HTML Attributes
• Attributes are the specific properties of every HTML element.
• They provide additional information.
• They are always specified in start tag of an element.

7. Continued…
• For example; <img /> tag have two main attributes, src & alt.
• src defines the url (or path) of the image file, while alt specifies the alternate
text if the image is not found.
• <a></a> is a link tag whose main attribute is href whole value is any internal
or external link.
• While attributes like height, width, align etc are common for all attributes.

8. Core Attributes
• The four core attributes that can be used on majority of HTML elements are:
• Id
• Class
• Title
• Style

9. Id Attribute
• The id attribute of an HTML tag can be used to uniquely identify any
element within an HTML page.There are two primary reasons that you
might want to use an id attribute on an element:
• If an element carries an id attribute as a unique identifier, it is possible to identify just
that element and its content.
• If you have two elements of the same name within aWeb page (or style sheet), you can
use the id attribute to distinguish between elements that have the same name.

10. Continued…
• Example:

11. Class Attribute
• The class attribute is used to associate an element with a style sheet, and
specifies the class of element.
• The value of the attribute may also be a space separated list of class names.

12. Title Attribute
• The title attribute gives a suggested title for the element.They syntax for
the title attribute is similar as explained for id attribute.

13. Style Attribute
• The style attribute allows you to specify Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) rules
within the element.

14. Generic Attributes
Attributes Options Function
Align Left, right, center Horizontally align tags
Valign Top, middle, bottom Vertically align tags
Bgcolor Numeric, decimal, RGB values Places a background color behind
an element
Background URL Places a background image
behind an element
Width Numeric value Specifies the width
Height Numeric value Specifies the height