Web application security testing evaluates the security features of web applications to identify vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit, thereby ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive data. This testing encompasses various techniques like penetration testing, vulnerability scanning, and code reviews, and plays a key role in mitigating risks, improving security posture, and meeting compliance requirements. By identifying and addressing vulnerabilities, organizations can enhance security, reduce the risk of data breaches, and build trust with stakeholders.