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water conservation article and essay and report
- 1. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R
- 2. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Water Conservation Presented at the Civil Engineer Corps Officer’s School Energy Manager’s Courses by: Daniel T. Magro Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center
- 3. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R CONGRATULATIONS You’re the Base’s Water Conservation Officer!
- 4. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER CONSERVATION WHY? EPACT 1992 EO 12902 Environmental Concerns Critical Nature of Water
- 5. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER CONSERVATION STATISTICS COST OF WATER APPLICATIONS RESULTS ASSISTANCE AWARENESS
- 6. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R AVAILABILITY 97% Salt Water. 75% of remaining water is Glaciers. Only 9% of rainfall available for beneficial use.
- 7. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Office/Admin Buildings Cooling & Heating 30% Restrooms 45% Landscaping 25%
- 8. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Family Housing/Residential Showers 19% Bathroom Sinks 11% Laundry 14% Dishwasher 6% Toilets 45% Kitchen Sinks 5%
- 9. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER CONSERVATION STATISTICS COST OF WATER APPLICATIONS RESULTS ASSISTANCE AWARENESS
- 10. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R How Much Does Your Water Cost? How Much Water Do You Use?
- 11. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R How Much Does Water Cost? Free - “We Pump It Ourselves” Unit Rate Shown on Utility Bill No Standard Calculation or Formula For Determining Water Cost
- 12. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R How Much Does Water Cost? Can’t just use an average value - $0.87 at Bangor, Washington - $4.22 at Navy Post Graduate School Depends on many factors - How deep are your wells? - How pure is the water? - Surface or groundwater supply?
- 13. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R How Much Water Is Used? Showers: 1 - 8 gpm avg 5 min pcd Toilets: 1.6 - 6 gpf Flushed 7 times/day 4 - home 3 - work/school Urinals: 0 - 2 gpf - Used 75% of time
- 14. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER CONSERVATION STATISTICS COST OF WATER APPLICATIONS RESULTS ASSISTANCE AWARENESS
- 15. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Sounds Great, But... What kind of projects will save water at my Base? Are there any projects that will really make an impact and have competitive SIR’s?
- 16. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Once-Through Cooling Significant water savings Very common Options: - Recycle - Reuse
- 17. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Water Reclamation Significant Water Savings Possible Gaining Popularity Examples - Florida - Texas - California Highly Regulated Need Positive Image
- 18. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R NFESC Leak Detection Program Equipment Sonic Surveying Instruments Correlation Equipment Ultrasonic Metering Equipment Experience Twelve years of metering experience Results Up to 20% of total production identified Typically will find 5 - 10 %
- 19. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Other Possibilities Greywater Systems Subsurface Irrigation Public Awareness Weather Forcasting Nozzles! Freeze Protection Improvements Others - Limited only by your creativeness
- 20. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER CONSERVATION STATISTICS COST OF WATER APPLICATIONS RESULTS ASSISTANCE AWARENESS
- 21. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER AUDITS 30% Reduction MCAS Iwakuni 48% Reduction NAS PAX River 56% Reduction NADEP Cherry Point Your base?
- 22. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER PROJECTS 11 Projects on current Short List 320 Million gallon savings $810,000
- 23. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER CONSERVATION STATISTICS COST OF WATER APPLICATIONS RESULTS ASSISTANCE AWARENESS
- 24. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Water Conservation Support Navy Water Conservation Guide MIL-HDBK-1165 EFD’s NFESC Software: - IWRAPS - WATERGY - ESC Spreadsheets
- 25. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R WATER CONSERVATION STATISTICS COST OF WATER APPLICATIONS RESULTS ASSISTANCE AWARENESS
- 26. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Start Saving Water Today Bathroom – 5 min showers. (Saves 75 gal/wk/person) – low-flow showerheads. (Saves 230 gal/wk) – Shallow baths. (Saves 100 gal/wk/person) – Water displacement toilet device. (Saves 50 gal/wk) – Ultra-low flush toilets. (Saves 350 gal/wk)
- 27. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Start Saving Water Today Bathroom (Con’t) • Collect cold water while waiting for hot water. Use for watering plants. (Saves 50 gal/wk/person) • Repair toilet leaks. Drop teaspoon of food coloring in tank. If color appears in bowl after 15 min, replace flapper valve. (Saves 100 gal/wk/toilet) • Turn water off while brushing teeth. (Saves 35 gal/wk/person)
- 28. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Start Saving Water Today Around The House – Repair leaky faucets, fixtures and pipes around your home. (Saves 150 gal/leak) – Wash only full laundry loads. (Saves 100 gal/wk) – Collect washing machine rinse water in utility sink. Use it later to water indoor plants. (Saves 50 gal/wk)
- 29. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Start Saving Water Today Outdoors – Water lawns once a week, early in the morning or after the sun sets. (Saves 250 gal/wk) – Adjust sprinklers- don’t spray sidewalks. Test sprinkler systems periodically for proper application. (Varies~ 250 gal/wk) – Set lawn mower blades one notch higher. Use Bark, peat moss, or gravel to cover bare ground in gardens and around trees. (Saves 200 gal/wk)
- 30. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Start Saving Water Today Outdoors (Con’t) – Never hose driveways, patios, or sidewalks. Use broom. (Saves 100 gal/wk) – Cover swimming pools. (Saves 250 gal/wk) – Don’t leave hose run continuously when washing cars. (Saves 150 gal/wk)
- 31. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Start Saving Water Today Kitchen – Dishwasher full loads only. (Saves 30 gal/wk) – Put food waste in trash/rinse plates w/short blasts of water. (Saves 60 gal/wk) – Run garbage disposal on alternate days. (Saves 25 gal/wk)
- 32. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Water Resources Management Distribution of Water Fresh Water 3.0% Ocean Water 97.0% Groundwater <750 m 11.0% Icesheets and Glaciers 75.0% Groundwater >750 m 11.0% Atmosphere 0.035% Rivers 0.030% Soil Moist 0.060% Lakes 0.300%
- 33. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R Water Use-Where it goes... Total Water 100 Units Streamflow 29 Units Evaporation and Evapotranspiration 71 Units Non-economic Evaporation 32 Units Evapotranspiration Crops, pasture, forest 39 Units Municipal / Rural 1 Unit Industry 5 Units Irrigation 3 Units Not Withdraw from streamflow 20 Units
- 34. N A VA L F A C I L I T I E S E N G I N E E R I N G S E R V I C E C E N T E R
Editor's Notes
- #4 Before we get too far along, I’m sure the question in most of your minds is Why? Why even bother with water conservation? We have so much and it’s so cheap, why don’t we just worry about the expensive stuff like electricity? Well, I guess a short answer is: “Because.” Both the EPACT and EO require military activities to conserve water, and of course there are environmental concerns to conserve water - as well as environmental benefits. But, I think the main reason has to be the “Criticl natuer of Water.” If you run short of electricity or natural gas, you can always bring in some temporary power while a bigger power plant or storage tank is constructed, but if you run short of water, I don’t know of anyone who can build a bigger auqifer, or create a new river. Basically, what you have is all there is. The microchip industry is very concerned about water conservation, and not because of cost. In fact water makes up less than 1% of the total cost of operation and doesn’t even amount to one penny of the final cost to produce chips. But, without water they can’t MAKE the chips, therefore conserving the resources they have is VERY important - as it should be to you.
- #5 Today, we’re going to look at some statistics about water, then we’ll discuss just what the cost of water is. Following that I’ll go over a number of applications that you can implement look for at your activity and I’ll follow that up with some results that have been achieved in water conservation. Finally, I’ll cover some places you can go to get assistance with your water conservation efforts. The final 8 slides are here for your use. If you need to prepare some bullets for the plan of the week/day then there are several there, or if you would like to develop you’re own awareness presentation, they’re there for your use. In fact, this entire presentation is available in Powerpoint and if any of you would like a copy, just send me an e-mail and I can attach it to my reply. In minutes, you too can have this presentation!