in pashto language

1. ‫امارت‬ ‫اسالمي‬ ‫دافغانستان‬
‫وزارت‬ ‫کړو‬ ‫دلوړوزده‬
‫پوهنتون‬ ‫ذاید‬ ‫دشیخ‬
‫پوهنځی‬ ‫انجنیري‬
‫دیپارتمنت‬ ‫سېول‬
‫دسمینارموضوع‬
:
‫اوکمیت‬ ‫کیفیت‬،‫اوبومنابع‬ ‫دفاضله‬
‫استاد‬ ‫الرښود‬
:
‫احمد‬ ‫پوهنیارنقیب‬
(
‫نعمي‬
)
‫غړي‬ ‫دګروپ‬
( :
‫عبدالحسیب‬،‫عمر‬ ‫محمد‬،‫ریاض‬،‫نورالهدای‬،‫زربت‬،‫کریم‬ ‫حضرت‬،‫هللا‬ ‫نعمت‬،‫هللا‬ ‫احسان‬،‫احمدهللا‬،‫الرحمن‬ ‫فضل‬
)

3. Contents:
 Definition
 Types of sewage
 Domestic sewage
 Industrial sewage
 Drainage or runoff sewage
 Sanitary sewage
 Types of sewage depending upon sources
 Gray water
 Black water
 Sources of waste water
 Domestic waste water
 Industrial or trade waste water
 Storm water
 Quality of sewage
 Properties of sewage
 Physical characteristics
 Chemical characteristics
 Biological characteristics
 quantity of waste water

4. Definition:
 Sewage/waste water: It is a mixture of water and liquid waste generated due to
different activities in the community.
 Depending upon mode of generation it is further classified as:
1. Domestic sewage: It is a mixture and liquid waste generated due to domestic
activities.
2. Industrial sewage: It is produced after industrial activity it is termed as industrial
sewage.
3. Drainage or runoff sewage: It is a mixture of water and liquid waste produced
after heavy rainfall.
4. Sanitary sewage: Domestic sewage and industrial sewage taken together is called
sanitary sewage.

5. Wastewater is broken into two catagories,depending upon the source:
1. Gray water: Gray water is from showers, bathes, whirlpool tubs, washing machines, dishwashers
and sinks other than the kitchen sink.
2. Black water: Black water is from toilets and kitchen sinks.

6. What are the sources of wastewater? Or where does wastewater
come frome?
 Sources f waste water include homes, shopes, offices and
factories ,farms, transport and fuel depots, vessels,
quarries and mines.

7.  Water used in toilets, showers, baths, kitchen sinks and laundries in homes and offices
is domestic waste water.

8.  Wastewater from manufacturing and industrial operations such as food
processing or metal refining is industrial or trade waste. This includes liquid
waste from any process(water used to cool machinery or clean plant and
equipment)

9.  Storm water, a form of waste water , is runoff that flows from agricultural and urban
areas such as roofs, parks,gardens,roads, paths and gutters into storm water drains
,after rain. Stormwater flows untreated directly to local creeks or rivers ,eventually
reaching the ocean.

10. Quality of Sewage:

11.  This part include two objects:
1. Properties of Sewage
2. Analysis of sewage
 Waste water quality indicators are laboratory test methodologies to assess suitability of waste
suitability of waste water for disposal, treatment or reuse.
 Tests can measure physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the waste water.
water.

13. Physical characteristics include temperature
and solids.

14.  Chemical characteristics include PH value, dissolved oxygen concentration,
biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen,
Phosphorus, chlorine.

15.  Biological characteristics are determined with bioassays and aquatic toxicology
tests.

17. Quantity of waste water :
 The quantity of waste water produced varies in different communities and
countries, depending on a number of factors such as water uses, climate,
lifestyle, economics,etc.
 Metcalf and Eddy, in (1191) lists typical municipal water uses and waste
water flow rates in the United States including domestic, commercial,
institutional, and recreational facilities and various institutions.

18. Table: Typical wastewater flow rates for miscellaneous facilities
Type of establishment Gallons per person per day(unless other wise noted)
Airports(per passenger) 5
Bathhouses and swimming pools 10
Camps
Campground with central comport station 35
With flush toilets no shower 25
Construction camps(semipermanent) 50
Day camps(no meals served) 15
Resort camps(night and day) with limited plumbing 50
Luxury camps 100
Country clubs(per resident member) 100
Country clubs(per nonresident member) 25

19. Dwellings
Boarding house 50
Rooming house 40
Factories(gallons per person, per shift, exclusive of
industrial wastes)
35
Hospital (per bed space) 250
Hotels with laundry

20. Thank you for attention

21. Questions