GRASS GIS 7 bietet neue Module zur Vektornetzwerk-, Voxelanalyse, Zeitreihenspeicherung und -management, dazu ein Animationstool für Raster-und Vektorkartenzeitreihen, ein graphisches Bildklassifikationtool, "Map Swiper" zum interaktiven Kartenvergleich nebst verbesserter massiver Datenanalyse. GRASS GIS (Geographic Ressourcen Analysis Support System) blickt mit nun 30 Jahren auf die längste Entwicklungsgeschichte in der FOSSGIS Community zurück. Die stark ansteigende Nachfrage nach robusten und modernen freien Analysewerkzeugen, v.a. im Hinblick auf die heutzutage enormen räumlichen Datenmengen führte 2008 zum Beginn der GRASS GIS 7 Entwicklung. In Bezug auf GRASS GIS 6.4 wurden inzwischen mehr als 10.000 Verbesserungen vorgenommen. Die Entwicklercommunity hat eine Reihe von neuen Modulen für Vektornetzwerkanalyse, Bildverarbeitung, Voxelanalyse, Zeitreihenspeicherung (Raster, Vektor, Voxel) und eine verbesserte grafische Benutzeroberfläche integriert (http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/Grass7/NewFeatures). GRASS GIS 7 bietet eine neue Python Schnittstelle, die auf einfache Weise ermöglicht, neue Anwendungen zu erstellen, die leistungsfähig und effizient sind. In der Benutzeroberfläche gibt es nun ein neues Werkzeug für die Animation von Raster-und Vektorkartenzeitreihen, einen verbesserten Georektifier, ein neues Werkzeug zur überwachten Bildklassifikation, einen "map swiper" zum interaktiven Vergleich zweier Karten (z.B. für Katastrophen) und ein visuelles Zeitreihenmanagement. Darüber hinaus wurde insbesondere die topologische Vektorbibliothek in Bezug auf die Unterstützung von großen Dateien verbessert. Des weiteren gibt es eine Reihe von neuen Analysefunktionen und auch im Raster-/Bildbereich die Unterstützung für massive Datenanalyse. Auch werden nun Projektionen andere Planeten unterstützt. Viele Module wurden in Bezug auf Geschwindigkeit signifikant optimiert. Der Vortrag illustriert die interessantesten Neuerungen und zeigt, wie Benutzer auf einfache Weise auf die kommende GRASS GIS 7 Version migrieren können. Testversionen stehen für alle üblichen Betriebssysteme zur Verfügung (http://grass.osgeo.org/download/software/).

1. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Vom Laptop zum Großrechner:
Neues in GRASS GIS 7
Markus Neteler
Fondazione E. Mach – CRI, Italy
http://gis.cri.fmach.it
In collaboration with:
Markus Metz, Luca Delucchi, FEM
FOSSGIS Konferenz
19-21 März 2014

2. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Introduction to GRASS GIS
Developed since 1982
Vax 11/780
minicomputer

3. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Community sprints, even more...

4. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0
120
240
360
480
600
million points
seconds
GRASS 7: Faster raster processing
Cost surfaces: r.cost
● From non-linear (G6) to linear computation time (G7)
Other speed figure:
PCA of 30 million pixels
in 6 seconds on this small
presentation laptop...
GRASS 6.4
GRASS 7

5. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
GRASS 7: New LIDAR LAS support
Import of LAS files as
- 3D vector points or
- raster map (using univariate statistics - binning to selected res.)
Georeferencing of 3D point clouds (archeology)

6. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
GRASS 7: Faster Vector Topology
Spatial query example
Query of vector point maps
● GUI: click on vector map, what is there?
● CLI: v.what east_north=east,north
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
0
120
240
360
480
600
million points
seconds
GRASS 6.4
GRASS 7

7. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
North Carolina: boundary_county
Vector boundaries: simplification
Original: many vertices
10m threshold:
reduced vertices
20m threshold: even
less vertices
v.generalize in=boundary_county
out=boundary_county_simple_10
method=douglas threshold=10.00
Generalization: simplify the geometry
without changing much the shape
(reduce vertices)

8. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Increasing the number of vertices
GRASS module:
v.generalize
Various methods supported
Vector boundaries: smoothing
Black: original
Hermite
Chaiken + Hermite

9. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Vector network analysis in GRASS

10. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Vector network analysis in GRASS wxGUI
Select points
Select
method
Output

11. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
New Space-Time functionality in GRASS 7
Developer: Sören Gebbert

12. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
New Space-Time functionality in GRASS 7
Temporal GRASS (TGRASS) menus
Gebbert, S., Pebesma, E., 2014. TGRASS: A temporal GIS for field based
environmental modeling. Environmental Modelling & Software 53, 1-12. (DOI)

13. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
New Space-Time functionality in GRASS 7
t.register: Registers raster, vector and raster3d maps
in a space time dataset
Example: daily MODIS Land Surface Temperature time series

14. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
New Space-Time functionality in GRASS 7
t.register: Registers raster, vector and raster3d maps
in a space time dataset
Screenshot: S Gebbert/A. Petras

15. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
GRASS 7: New animation tool for time series
Weekly temperature 2012 of Sicily
(MODIS Land Surface Temperature maps reconstructed by
GIS & Remote Sensing Unit, FEM)
1460 aggregated maps...

16. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Unsupervised image classification – Segmentation
i.segment - Identifies segments (objects) from imagery data.
● Vectorize result with r.to.vect
● Simplify areas with v.clean's
“rmarea“ (topologically merge
small areas according to
threshold into next polygon)

17. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Unsupervised image classification – Segmentation
Different results changing threshold

18. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
GRASS 7: New bivariate Scatterplots
LANDSAT 7 2002 channels 1 and 3 of Wake county, NC

19. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
http://geo.fsv.cvut.cz/~landa/publications/2012/ogrs2012/poster/figures
/
Tool for supervised classification of imagery data.
Generates spectral signatures for an image by allowing
the user to outline regions of interest.
GRASS 7: Supervised image classification

20. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
New Map swiping tool for multitemporal maps
Pre and post disaster images of the
tsunami in Japan in 2011
(MODIS images taken on February 26 and
March 13, 2011)
January and June temperature
of Sicily
(MODIS LST reconstructed by GIS
& Remote Sensing Unit)

21. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Integration:
QGIS-Processing – Vector dissolving example
Dissolving geometry example:
“Processing“ (former Sextante) calls
GRASS GIS in a virtual session which
deliver the result back (here SHAPE file)

22. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
GRASS 7: Topological Vector in PostGIS 2
http://grass.osgeo.org/grass70/manuals/v.out.postgis.html
http://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/PostGIS_Topology
Developer: Martin Landa
Cofunded by Municipality of Trento, Italy

23. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
New GRASS 7 Python API
http://grass.osgeo.org/wiki/GRASS_and_Python
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi2010201

24. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Visualization: GRASS data export
for Augmented Reality
GRASS GIS,
Paraview, and
ARToolkit

25. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaging_a_risonanza_magnetica
Our FEM colleague
-->
Personal comm.
A researcher's brain... From MRT scan
to Voxels

26. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
A researcher's brain... From MRT/CT scan
to Voxels
● Convert DICOM to PNG
● Import PNG into GRASS
● Put 2D maps into volume
● Export Voxels to Paraview

27. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
New cool stuff:
massive data processing
● Since 2005 GRASS GIS is running natively on 64bit CPUs
● GRASS GIS 7 also offers Large File Support on 32bit Windows
● Installed on Grids and TOP500 supercomputers (AKKA Umeå,
ENEA Frascati, Aurel Bratislava, …)
● Runs on Linux, AIX, Solaris, freeBSD, netBSD, ...
● Various ways of parallelization

28. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Massive data processing:
also for you (even Laptop)
https://plus.google.com/u/0/communities/111147786674687562495
“Since the home computer
only has 8 GB of RAM...“
“8.5 billion points...“

29. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Where is the stuff?
GRASS GIS Software:
Free download for MS Windows, MacOSX, Linux and source code:
http://grass.osgeo.org/download/
Addons (user contributed extensions):
http://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/GRASS_AddOns
Free sample data:
Rich data set of North Carolina (NC)
… available as GRASS GIS location and in common GIS formats
http://grass.osgeo.org/download/sample-data/
User Help:
Mailing lists (also in different languages):
http://grass.osgeo.org/support/
Wiki:
http://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/
Manuals:
http://grass.osgeo.org/documentation/manuals/

30. ©2014,MarkusNeteler–LucaDelucchi,Italy–CC-BY-SAlicense
Markus Neteler
Fondazione E. Mach (FEM)
Centro Ricerca e Innovazione
GIS and Remote Sensing Unit
38010 S. Michele all'Adige (Trento), Italy
http://gis.cri.fmach.it
http://www.osgeo.org
markus.neteler@fmach.it
neteler@osgeo.org
Enjoy GRASS GIS 7!
PostGISomics
http://grass.osgeo.org
http://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/Grass7/NewFeatures
Thanks for your attention!