This document discusses demonstrative evidence and its use in court. It defines demonstrative evidence as evidence that is illustrative rather than the actual object or event being evidenced, such as models, reenactments or diagrams. The document outlines several key points about demonstrative evidence:
1. Demonstrative evidence is more persuasive than verbal testimony alone because it engages multiple senses.
2. Foundational requirements must be met for different types of demonstrative evidence, such as photographs, diagrams, and computer animations/simulations, to be admitted.
3. Common types of demonstrative exhibits include physical objects, reproductions, photographs, medical images, videos, diagrams and maps.
4. Demon
MANILA RIVERCITY RESIDENCES
“Live. Love. Where the river flows”
(A water featured condominium unit development
located in Sta. Ana, Manila, along the historic and scenic beauty of Pasig River)
UNIT: STUDIO TYPE
SIZE: 21.05 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 1,094,600.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 7,573.79
UNIT: ONE BED ROOM
SIZE: 28.10 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 1,421,200.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 12,028.82
UNIT: TWO BED ROOM
SIZE: 44.35 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 2,350,550.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 20,944.66
This document provides a user guide for the Wishbone serializer core, which establishes a transparent Wishbone bridge between two FPGAs using high-speed serial transceivers. The core supports simultaneous communication between a master on one FPGA and a slave on the other FPGA. It contains a Wishbone control logic block, asynchronous FIFOs to handle the two clock domains, and uses an Aurora 8B/10B core for serial transmission. The guide describes the files and architecture of the core.
The document describes a method for speeding up cycle-based logic simulation using graphics processing units (GPUs). The authors develop a parallel cycle-based logic simulation algorithm that uses and-inverter graphs (AIGs) as the design representation. They create two clustering algorithms that partition circuit gates into independent blocks that can be simulated concurrently. Experimental results show speedups of up to 5x using the first clustering algorithm and up to 21x using the second algorithm on several benchmarks. The work demonstrates that GPUs can significantly accelerate logic simulation through parallelization.
This document provides an overview of a digital design course. It discusses:
1) The course objectives which are for students to learn digital system analysis, Boolean algebra, and how to design combinational and sequential circuits.
2) The course outline which covers an introduction to digital systems, numbering systems, Boolean algebra, combinational circuits, and sequential circuits.
3) Examples of digital systems such as computers, mobile phones, and washing machines which process discrete digital inputs and outputs.
Since we started out in 2001 our mission has remained the same:
To deliver recruitment experiences that defy expectations; to build a team of digital recruiters that understands the digital sector better than any other.
We recruit across the whole of digital - from creative agencies to client side, from social media to search marketing, and everything in between.
We\'re redefining digital recruitment. In everything that we do, we\'re trying to deliver an experience that defies expectations. In a good way.
You can follow us on twitter - http://bit.ly/twitterpropel - or join our “London Digital Talent” group on LinkedIn - http://linkd.in/Londondigitaltalent - Both these channels will give you information about what we’re up to, wider industry trends and upcoming events. We’d love you to join the conversation.
MANILA RIVERCITY RESIDENCES
“Live. Love. Where the river flows”
(A water featured condominium unit development
located in Sta. Ana, Manila, along the historic and scenic beauty of Pasig River)
UNIT: STUDIO TYPE
SIZE: 21.05 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 1,094,600.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 7,573.79
UNIT: ONE BED ROOM
SIZE: 28.10 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 1,421,200.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 12,028.82
UNIT: TWO BED ROOM
SIZE: 44.35 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 2,350,550.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 20,944.66
This document provides a user guide for the Wishbone serializer core, which establishes a transparent Wishbone bridge between two FPGAs using high-speed serial transceivers. The core supports simultaneous communication between a master on one FPGA and a slave on the other FPGA. It contains a Wishbone control logic block, asynchronous FIFOs to handle the two clock domains, and uses an Aurora 8B/10B core for serial transmission. The guide describes the files and architecture of the core.
The document describes a method for speeding up cycle-based logic simulation using graphics processing units (GPUs). The authors develop a parallel cycle-based logic simulation algorithm that uses and-inverter graphs (AIGs) as the design representation. They create two clustering algorithms that partition circuit gates into independent blocks that can be simulated concurrently. Experimental results show speedups of up to 5x using the first clustering algorithm and up to 21x using the second algorithm on several benchmarks. The work demonstrates that GPUs can significantly accelerate logic simulation through parallelization.
This document provides an overview of a digital design course. It discusses:
1) The course objectives which are for students to learn digital system analysis, Boolean algebra, and how to design combinational and sequential circuits.
2) The course outline which covers an introduction to digital systems, numbering systems, Boolean algebra, combinational circuits, and sequential circuits.
3) Examples of digital systems such as computers, mobile phones, and washing machines which process discrete digital inputs and outputs.
Since we started out in 2001 our mission has remained the same:
To deliver recruitment experiences that defy expectations; to build a team of digital recruiters that understands the digital sector better than any other.
We recruit across the whole of digital - from creative agencies to client side, from social media to search marketing, and everything in between.
We\'re redefining digital recruitment. In everything that we do, we\'re trying to deliver an experience that defies expectations. In a good way.
You can follow us on twitter - http://bit.ly/twitterpropel - or join our “London Digital Talent” group on LinkedIn - http://linkd.in/Londondigitaltalent - Both these channels will give you information about what we’re up to, wider industry trends and upcoming events. We’d love you to join the conversation.
Lions Park Residences is a low-rise condominium development located near Makati and Ortigas business districts with amenities like a pool, park, and commercial area. The development offers studio, 1-bedroom, 2-bedroom, and 3-bedroom units that are an excellent investment for OFWs and retirees. Quadrillion Property Management provides property management services. The development is near transportation and amenities while offering affordable prices and payment plans.
The Wishbone System-on-Chip (SoC) Interconnection Architecture provides a standardized interface to facilitate the integration and reuse of intellectual property (IP) cores. It defines signals and bus protocols for interconnecting IP cores on an SoC. Key features include support for single and block read/write cycles, variable data widths, multiple addressing schemes, and handshaking to allow cores to throttle data transfer speeds. The Wishbone specification aims to simplify SoC integration while providing flexibility.
MANILA RIVERCITY RESIDENCES
“Live. Love. Where the river flows”
(A water featured condominium unit development
located in Sta. Ana, Manila, along the historic and scenic beauty of Pasig River)
UNIT: STUDIO TYPE
SIZE: 21.05 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 1,094,600.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 7,573.79
UNIT: ONE BED ROOM
SIZE: 28.10 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 1,421,200.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 12,028.82
UNIT: TWO BED ROOM
SIZE: 44.35 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 2,350,550.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 20,944.66
The document discusses the retail industry in India and provides background information. It notes that organized retail makes up a small portion of the total retail market in India currently. However, it is projected to experience rapid growth over the next decade due to rising incomes, urbanization, and growing consumerism among India's large young population. The size of the organized retail market is estimated to grow at a 21.8% compound annual rate to $55 billion by 2015. Key retail categories that are expected to experience growth include food/grocery, apparel, durables, food service, and home improvement.
Introduction to software development methodologies- Agile vs WaterfallPrateek Shrivastava
Â
This document discusses different software development methodologies, including Waterfall, Agile, Scrum, and Kanban. It defines a project and software development methodology. Waterfall follows sequential phases of requirements, design, development, testing, and delivery, while Agile focuses on iterative delivery, customer collaboration, and response to change. The document examines differences between Waterfall and Agile approaches to scope, schedule, team roles, testing practices, and other factors. It provides guidance on choosing a methodology based on requirements stability, team experience, project scale, and other criteria.
This document contains 85 tongue twisters ranging from 1-4 sentences in length that involve repeating consonant sounds and switching word order to confuse the speaker. The tongue twisters cover a variety of topics from animals to foods to occupations.
Graphic Persuasion _ Efficient Displays Over A Budge TDanny609Davidson
Â
1) Demonstrative evidence like pictures, videos, and models can help persuade a jury by making a case more understandable and engaging than oral arguments alone. It attracts more of the senses and helps people remember information better.
2) There are different standards for establishing the foundation to admit different types of demonstrative evidence in court. Pictures, videos, maps, and computer simulations each require showing the evidence is an accurate representation.
3) Demonstrative evidence is commonly used in trials but faces objections like lack of foundation, relevance, and being unduly prejudicial. Advocates must show the evidence is probative without misleading juries.
4 TOPIC3 Procedure of Fire Analysis and After Effect SUN.pptxzenAlkaff
Â
The document discusses procedures for fire analysis and investigation, including using the scientific method and avoiding presumption, expectation bias, and confirmation bias. It describes conducting a site investigation which involves preparing equipment, surveying the site, interviewing witnesses, and identifying possible causes. Key steps are recognizing evidence, properly collecting and preserving it, analyzing data, developing and testing hypotheses, and drawing conclusions. The level of certainty in conclusions can be probable, possible, or suspected. Personal safety precautions are also important for investigators to follow.
Brian HughesTheimportanceof evidencecollectionan.docxjasoninnes20
Â
Brian Hughes
The
importance
of evidence
collection
and preser-
vation
can be
overpowered
by other
priorities.
Incident Investigation:
Evidence Preservation
Looking back at your last incident investiga-tion, did you experience anything similiar orwere you faced with any of these dilemmas?
•While attending to the needs of injured and dis-
tressed employees, time-sensitive evidence was
missed.
• While securing the area and bringing it back to
a safe mode, circumstances that could have served
as evidence had to be altered.
•In the bustle to minimize costly downtime,
resuming production rushed the evidence collec-
tion process.
• A piece of critical evidence
disappeared.
•The legal department
wished it had more to demon-
strate due diligence.
•A regulatory body's
requirement or request could
not be fulfilled.
In tlie rush to return to a
state that resembles normalcy,
the importance of evidence
collection and preservation
can be overlooked or over-
powered by other priorities.
Evidence is critical to any incident investigation
because it is the data that support the conclusions
of the investigation. The primary intent of an inci-
dent investigation is to identify effective solutions.
To accomplish this, the investigation needs to
uncover causes and how they relate to one another.
Evidence provides support for what the team con-
cludes to be causes, it cultivates a level of confi-
dence that correlates directly to the quality of the
evidence collected. Evidence is the foimdation for
an investigation—for the investigation team as well
as for others reviewing fuhue investigation results
and conclusions.
Many companies do not have a formal evidence
preservation policy in place, so the process is ad
hoc—left up to the investigator or individuals on
the team. Some highly regulated companies, with
the nature of their governing regulations, specify
requirements for evidence documentation. They
tailor their evidence preservation policy to match
the requirements of the regulatory agency. But evi-
dence documentation is not necessarily the same as
evidence collection or preservation. Regulatory
requirements must be considered. However, a poli-
cy can be developed that fulfills the objectives of
the investigation and the requirements of regulato-
ry agencies.
It is best to decide how to handle evidence
before an emergency occurs. Develop an evidence
preservation policy based on the organization's
needs and distribute it to everyone who will have
the responsibility to carry it out. Include it in train-
ing curriculum so pc\iple are familiar with the
process before they actually need it.
What follows are guidelines that any company
can use to develop a simple evidence preservation
policy to help ensure that evidence is managed
effectively throughout an investigation.
Step 1: Assess the Significance
Ask a few simple questions to dtxument the
actual and potential significance of the problem.
Try not to overreact to a rela-
tively benign problem ...
Ethical Hacking And Computer ForensicsShanaAneevan
Â
Data recovery is the process in which highly trained engineers evaluate and extract data from damaged media and return it in an intact format. Many people, even computer experts, fail to recognize data recovery as an option during a data crisis, yet it is possible to retrieve files that have been deleted and passwords that have been forgotten or to recover entire hard drives that have been physically damaged.
.
David Hand:Trustworthiness of statistical analysisjemille6
Â
Abstract: Trust in statistical conclusions derives from the trustworthiness of the data and analysis methods. Trustworthiness of the analysis methods can be compromised by misunderstanding and incorrect application. However, that should stimulate a call for education and regulation, to ensure that methods are used correctly. The alternative of banning potentially useful methods, on the grounds that they are often misunderstood and misused is short-sighted, unscientific, and Procrustean. It damages the capability of science to advance, and feeds into public mistrust of the discipline.
The document discusses protocols for investigating fire and explosion scenes and evaluating liability exposure post-scene exam. It emphasizes taking an active role in investigations to analyze alternative causes and determine if a claimant intends to pursue a claim. Experts should follow scientific methods to identify the exact point of origin and cause. Non-destructive tests like X-rays and CT scans can detect anomalies before evidence exams and help experts evaluate potential failures. Proper protocols and cost-benefit analyses should guide evidence exams and ongoing claim management to control expenditures and defend clients.
Answer these questions in a paragraph or more. Use teh prompts belowbrockdebroah
Â
Answer these questions in a paragraph or more. Use teh prompts below for assistance.
1)
Describe how the Daubert Standard differs from the Frye Standard.
The
Frye Standard
involves the general acceptance of a theory or technique within the field of science. Basically, if it’s good enough for the scientific community, it’s good enough to be presented in court. This is still the standard in many states.
The
Daubert Standard
has been accepted at the federal level and is the standard in several states. The
Daubert Standard
uses the
Frye Standard
as one of its prongs of its reliability component (in addition to whether the theory can be tested, whether the error rate is acceptable, and whether the theory has faced peer review). In addition to reliability, the court must decide whether the testimony is relevant to the case and whether its probative value outweighs the potential prejudice it will produce.
Although several answers discussed that
Daubert
was an “improvement” over
Frye
, it really just added more requirements without increasing the scientific rigor. Some of these requirements are redundant. For example, if a theory is
generally accepted
within a
scientific discipline
, it’s going to be (a) peer reviewed and (b) testable. The requirement of “an acceptable error rate” sounds nice, but because no one has ever defined what constitutes an acceptable error rate, it’s kind of meaningless. The biggest actual difference involves the “relevance” and “legal sufficiency” components. These are both determined by the court. Thus, even if the science is sound, the court can prevent the testimony if the court wants to. In practice, this can be very subjective. In fact, in cases like
Daubert
, the court often prevents scientific testimony about increased vulnerability or rates of exposure because it views the relationship between the cause and effect as tenuous. For instance, I’ve read cases where an epidiomological analysis of the effect of a particular chemical on a particular health issue was judged to be too prejudicial (e.g., “You say that Chemical X causes cancer, but people who have no exposure to Chemical X get cancer, so how do you know that this particular chemical caused this particular case of cancer? Maybe the plaintiff would have gotten cancer anyway.”). So, the biggest difference between the two standards is that a lot of the deference to science has been decreased in favor of the discretion of the judge.Â
Now, I don’t expect you to know or state all of these things, but I do expect you to do more than copy and paste information from the PowerPoint slides. You should give some analysis.
2)
What are some advantages that Science has over other ways of knowing?
The main difference between science and other ways of knowing is that it involves a falsifiable test. In fact, several elements of science can appear in logical deduction; that’s why hypotheses have to be logical and based on previous observation. To some e ...
The bar exam is a cued recall test, which means anyone serious about passing it should be using narrative visualization and heuristic-associative methods in their self-pedagocic process. Mindmaps, flashcards and other non-structured methods should be avoided because they are inefficient compared to other methods of learning that are based on our biological foundations.
This seminar was given at Brooklyn Law School on the 29th of May 2018 and it may be freely used with reference to the author. For comments and queries you may reach out to alexander.puutio@gmail.com.
Key Investigation Aspects for Information SecurityRodrigo Sozza
Â
Overview
The post-incident activity (a.k.a Post Mortem ) is a crucial step in the incident lifecycle process - it provides in-depth understanding from an OPSEC perspective, allowing a more adequate and focused response plan, but despite its importance, it is often conducted improperly, leading to loss of evidence integrity and inconclusive investigations.
So, what aspects should not be overlooked?
Collect high quality primary data by avoiding ambiguous, leading, and biased questions. Create a friendly interview environment with informed consent describing the study purpose, risks/benefits, and ensuring confidentiality. Standardize procedures for interpreting questions in local languages if needed and train data collectors. Conduct interviews privately and anonymize participants. Pilot test survey tools to ensure accurate and valid measurement.
Balance between insight and noise indicia v2Nick Barthram
Â
Big data can provide valuable insights but also risks finding spurious correlations rather than true patterns. With large data sets, the chances of random correlations being identified increase faster than actual valid correlations. Additionally, humans are prone to confirmation bias and seeing patterns where none exist. To maximize insights from big data, it is important to create a statistically literate culture, collect comprehensive high quality data, set clear objectives, leverage algorithms to identify apparent correlations but rely on human judgment to validate findings are not spurious, test hypotheses, and regularly re-evaluate insights on new data.
Lions Park Residences is a low-rise condominium development located near Makati and Ortigas business districts with amenities like a pool, park, and commercial area. The development offers studio, 1-bedroom, 2-bedroom, and 3-bedroom units that are an excellent investment for OFWs and retirees. Quadrillion Property Management provides property management services. The development is near transportation and amenities while offering affordable prices and payment plans.
The Wishbone System-on-Chip (SoC) Interconnection Architecture provides a standardized interface to facilitate the integration and reuse of intellectual property (IP) cores. It defines signals and bus protocols for interconnecting IP cores on an SoC. Key features include support for single and block read/write cycles, variable data widths, multiple addressing schemes, and handshaking to allow cores to throttle data transfer speeds. The Wishbone specification aims to simplify SoC integration while providing flexibility.
MANILA RIVERCITY RESIDENCES
“Live. Love. Where the river flows”
(A water featured condominium unit development
located in Sta. Ana, Manila, along the historic and scenic beauty of Pasig River)
UNIT: STUDIO TYPE
SIZE: 21.05 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 1,094,600.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 7,573.79
UNIT: ONE BED ROOM
SIZE: 28.10 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 1,421,200.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 12,028.82
UNIT: TWO BED ROOM
SIZE: 44.35 sq.m.
TOTAL CONTRACT PRICE: P 2,350,550.00
MONTHLY AMORTIZATION: P 20,944.66
The document discusses the retail industry in India and provides background information. It notes that organized retail makes up a small portion of the total retail market in India currently. However, it is projected to experience rapid growth over the next decade due to rising incomes, urbanization, and growing consumerism among India's large young population. The size of the organized retail market is estimated to grow at a 21.8% compound annual rate to $55 billion by 2015. Key retail categories that are expected to experience growth include food/grocery, apparel, durables, food service, and home improvement.
Introduction to software development methodologies- Agile vs WaterfallPrateek Shrivastava
Â
This document discusses different software development methodologies, including Waterfall, Agile, Scrum, and Kanban. It defines a project and software development methodology. Waterfall follows sequential phases of requirements, design, development, testing, and delivery, while Agile focuses on iterative delivery, customer collaboration, and response to change. The document examines differences between Waterfall and Agile approaches to scope, schedule, team roles, testing practices, and other factors. It provides guidance on choosing a methodology based on requirements stability, team experience, project scale, and other criteria.
This document contains 85 tongue twisters ranging from 1-4 sentences in length that involve repeating consonant sounds and switching word order to confuse the speaker. The tongue twisters cover a variety of topics from animals to foods to occupations.
Graphic Persuasion _ Efficient Displays Over A Budge TDanny609Davidson
Â
1) Demonstrative evidence like pictures, videos, and models can help persuade a jury by making a case more understandable and engaging than oral arguments alone. It attracts more of the senses and helps people remember information better.
2) There are different standards for establishing the foundation to admit different types of demonstrative evidence in court. Pictures, videos, maps, and computer simulations each require showing the evidence is an accurate representation.
3) Demonstrative evidence is commonly used in trials but faces objections like lack of foundation, relevance, and being unduly prejudicial. Advocates must show the evidence is probative without misleading juries.
4 TOPIC3 Procedure of Fire Analysis and After Effect SUN.pptxzenAlkaff
Â
The document discusses procedures for fire analysis and investigation, including using the scientific method and avoiding presumption, expectation bias, and confirmation bias. It describes conducting a site investigation which involves preparing equipment, surveying the site, interviewing witnesses, and identifying possible causes. Key steps are recognizing evidence, properly collecting and preserving it, analyzing data, developing and testing hypotheses, and drawing conclusions. The level of certainty in conclusions can be probable, possible, or suspected. Personal safety precautions are also important for investigators to follow.
Brian HughesTheimportanceof evidencecollectionan.docxjasoninnes20
Â
Brian Hughes
The
importance
of evidence
collection
and preser-
vation
can be
overpowered
by other
priorities.
Incident Investigation:
Evidence Preservation
Looking back at your last incident investiga-tion, did you experience anything similiar orwere you faced with any of these dilemmas?
•While attending to the needs of injured and dis-
tressed employees, time-sensitive evidence was
missed.
• While securing the area and bringing it back to
a safe mode, circumstances that could have served
as evidence had to be altered.
•In the bustle to minimize costly downtime,
resuming production rushed the evidence collec-
tion process.
• A piece of critical evidence
disappeared.
•The legal department
wished it had more to demon-
strate due diligence.
•A regulatory body's
requirement or request could
not be fulfilled.
In tlie rush to return to a
state that resembles normalcy,
the importance of evidence
collection and preservation
can be overlooked or over-
powered by other priorities.
Evidence is critical to any incident investigation
because it is the data that support the conclusions
of the investigation. The primary intent of an inci-
dent investigation is to identify effective solutions.
To accomplish this, the investigation needs to
uncover causes and how they relate to one another.
Evidence provides support for what the team con-
cludes to be causes, it cultivates a level of confi-
dence that correlates directly to the quality of the
evidence collected. Evidence is the foimdation for
an investigation—for the investigation team as well
as for others reviewing fuhue investigation results
and conclusions.
Many companies do not have a formal evidence
preservation policy in place, so the process is ad
hoc—left up to the investigator or individuals on
the team. Some highly regulated companies, with
the nature of their governing regulations, specify
requirements for evidence documentation. They
tailor their evidence preservation policy to match
the requirements of the regulatory agency. But evi-
dence documentation is not necessarily the same as
evidence collection or preservation. Regulatory
requirements must be considered. However, a poli-
cy can be developed that fulfills the objectives of
the investigation and the requirements of regulato-
ry agencies.
It is best to decide how to handle evidence
before an emergency occurs. Develop an evidence
preservation policy based on the organization's
needs and distribute it to everyone who will have
the responsibility to carry it out. Include it in train-
ing curriculum so pc\iple are familiar with the
process before they actually need it.
What follows are guidelines that any company
can use to develop a simple evidence preservation
policy to help ensure that evidence is managed
effectively throughout an investigation.
Step 1: Assess the Significance
Ask a few simple questions to dtxument the
actual and potential significance of the problem.
Try not to overreact to a rela-
tively benign problem ...
Ethical Hacking And Computer ForensicsShanaAneevan
Â
Data recovery is the process in which highly trained engineers evaluate and extract data from damaged media and return it in an intact format. Many people, even computer experts, fail to recognize data recovery as an option during a data crisis, yet it is possible to retrieve files that have been deleted and passwords that have been forgotten or to recover entire hard drives that have been physically damaged.
.
David Hand:Trustworthiness of statistical analysisjemille6
Â
Abstract: Trust in statistical conclusions derives from the trustworthiness of the data and analysis methods. Trustworthiness of the analysis methods can be compromised by misunderstanding and incorrect application. However, that should stimulate a call for education and regulation, to ensure that methods are used correctly. The alternative of banning potentially useful methods, on the grounds that they are often misunderstood and misused is short-sighted, unscientific, and Procrustean. It damages the capability of science to advance, and feeds into public mistrust of the discipline.
The document discusses protocols for investigating fire and explosion scenes and evaluating liability exposure post-scene exam. It emphasizes taking an active role in investigations to analyze alternative causes and determine if a claimant intends to pursue a claim. Experts should follow scientific methods to identify the exact point of origin and cause. Non-destructive tests like X-rays and CT scans can detect anomalies before evidence exams and help experts evaluate potential failures. Proper protocols and cost-benefit analyses should guide evidence exams and ongoing claim management to control expenditures and defend clients.
Answer these questions in a paragraph or more. Use teh prompts belowbrockdebroah
Â
Answer these questions in a paragraph or more. Use teh prompts below for assistance.
1)
Describe how the Daubert Standard differs from the Frye Standard.
The
Frye Standard
involves the general acceptance of a theory or technique within the field of science. Basically, if it’s good enough for the scientific community, it’s good enough to be presented in court. This is still the standard in many states.
The
Daubert Standard
has been accepted at the federal level and is the standard in several states. The
Daubert Standard
uses the
Frye Standard
as one of its prongs of its reliability component (in addition to whether the theory can be tested, whether the error rate is acceptable, and whether the theory has faced peer review). In addition to reliability, the court must decide whether the testimony is relevant to the case and whether its probative value outweighs the potential prejudice it will produce.
Although several answers discussed that
Daubert
was an “improvement” over
Frye
, it really just added more requirements without increasing the scientific rigor. Some of these requirements are redundant. For example, if a theory is
generally accepted
within a
scientific discipline
, it’s going to be (a) peer reviewed and (b) testable. The requirement of “an acceptable error rate” sounds nice, but because no one has ever defined what constitutes an acceptable error rate, it’s kind of meaningless. The biggest actual difference involves the “relevance” and “legal sufficiency” components. These are both determined by the court. Thus, even if the science is sound, the court can prevent the testimony if the court wants to. In practice, this can be very subjective. In fact, in cases like
Daubert
, the court often prevents scientific testimony about increased vulnerability or rates of exposure because it views the relationship between the cause and effect as tenuous. For instance, I’ve read cases where an epidiomological analysis of the effect of a particular chemical on a particular health issue was judged to be too prejudicial (e.g., “You say that Chemical X causes cancer, but people who have no exposure to Chemical X get cancer, so how do you know that this particular chemical caused this particular case of cancer? Maybe the plaintiff would have gotten cancer anyway.”). So, the biggest difference between the two standards is that a lot of the deference to science has been decreased in favor of the discretion of the judge.Â
Now, I don’t expect you to know or state all of these things, but I do expect you to do more than copy and paste information from the PowerPoint slides. You should give some analysis.
2)
What are some advantages that Science has over other ways of knowing?
The main difference between science and other ways of knowing is that it involves a falsifiable test. In fact, several elements of science can appear in logical deduction; that’s why hypotheses have to be logical and based on previous observation. To some e ...
The bar exam is a cued recall test, which means anyone serious about passing it should be using narrative visualization and heuristic-associative methods in their self-pedagocic process. Mindmaps, flashcards and other non-structured methods should be avoided because they are inefficient compared to other methods of learning that are based on our biological foundations.
This seminar was given at Brooklyn Law School on the 29th of May 2018 and it may be freely used with reference to the author. For comments and queries you may reach out to alexander.puutio@gmail.com.
Key Investigation Aspects for Information SecurityRodrigo Sozza
Â
Overview
The post-incident activity (a.k.a Post Mortem ) is a crucial step in the incident lifecycle process - it provides in-depth understanding from an OPSEC perspective, allowing a more adequate and focused response plan, but despite its importance, it is often conducted improperly, leading to loss of evidence integrity and inconclusive investigations.
So, what aspects should not be overlooked?
Collect high quality primary data by avoiding ambiguous, leading, and biased questions. Create a friendly interview environment with informed consent describing the study purpose, risks/benefits, and ensuring confidentiality. Standardize procedures for interpreting questions in local languages if needed and train data collectors. Conduct interviews privately and anonymize participants. Pilot test survey tools to ensure accurate and valid measurement.
Balance between insight and noise indicia v2Nick Barthram
Â
Big data can provide valuable insights but also risks finding spurious correlations rather than true patterns. With large data sets, the chances of random correlations being identified increase faster than actual valid correlations. Additionally, humans are prone to confirmation bias and seeing patterns where none exist. To maximize insights from big data, it is important to create a statistically literate culture, collect comprehensive high quality data, set clear objectives, leverage algorithms to identify apparent correlations but rely on human judgment to validate findings are not spurious, test hypotheses, and regularly re-evaluate insights on new data.
This document proposes a new technique called LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) that can explain the predictions of any classifier or regressor in an interpretable and faithful manner. It does this by learning an interpretable model locally around the prediction. It also proposes a method called SP-LIME to select a set of representative individual predictions and their explanations in a non-redundant way to help evaluate whether a model as a whole can be trusted before being deployed. The authors demonstrate LIME on different models for text and image classification and show through experiments that explanations can help humans decide whether to trust a prediction, choose between models, improve an untrustworthy classifier, and identify cases where a classifier should not be
This document discusses the pros and cons of real-time research versus more traditional research methods that involve a considered response after some time has passed. While real-time research can provide accurate insights into immediate customer experiences, it may lack important context about memories and the overall customer journey that traditional methods can capture. The author argues that combining real-time data with follow-up surveys allows businesses to get a more complete view of the customer experience.
ABOUT PARAGRAPHSParagraphs contain THREE BASIC COMPONENTS.docxbartholomeocoombs
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ABOUT PARAGRAPHS:
Paragraphs contain THREE BASIC COMPONENTS
1. TOPIC SENTENCE or CLAIM
2. CONCRETE DETAIL or DATA
3. COMMENTARY or WARRANT
TOPIC SENTENCE [TPS aka the "CLAIM"]
Usually, the first sentence in a BODY PARAGRAPH. It should introduce the topic of the paragraph and relate directly back to the THESIS. (or, in a longer essay, relate it directly back to the TPS of the preceding paragraph.) Imagine someone asking you, "How do you want me to think about your topic now?"
CONCRETE DETAIL [CD aka the "DATA"]:
This is the specific information you offer as the EVIDENCE for your topic; it will be the core of your paragraph. Imagine someone asking you, "Can you show me what you mean?" Other names for CONCRETE DETAIL: illustrations, examples, descriptions, quotations, paraphrasing, plot evidence.
During DRAFTING you may rely upon PHRASES like "FOR EXAMPLE" to introduce CONCRETE DETAIL--this is the kind of thing to eliminate during REVISION
In the literature essay, CD is often a DIRECT QUOTATION.
COMMENTARY [CM aka the "WARRANT"]:
This is your explanation for offering the concrete detail you select--that is, your comment on, discussion about, or evaluation of the evidence (CD) offered. Imagine someone asking you, "What exactly does your concrete detail prove?" You want to suggest how your CD is both relevant and unique. Other names for COMMENTARY include: insight, analysis, interpretation, evaluation, response, explication, reflection.
A hint for getting started on COMMENTARY: begin with the phrase : THIS SHOWS THAT . . . This is the kind of thing to eliminate during REVISION
Once you understand the different components of a paragraph, you can choose to MOVE BEYOND THE TEMPLATE. Some students depart from the FORMAT, some never do.
This whole discussion is based on Toulmin's Model . Here's a little bit more about it.
The model is a six-step system of argument:
(1) a CLAIM is made;
(2) DATA (also called "GROUNDS"), i.e., facts to support it, are offered;
(3) a WARRANT for connecting the data/grounds to the claim is conveyed
In addition, Toulmin adds
(4) BACKING, the theoretical or experimental foundations for the warrant, is shown (at least implicitly);
(5) appropriate MODAL QUALIFIERS (some, many, most, etc.) temper the claim; and
(6) possible REBUTTALS are considered.
But, for now, let us focus on the first three (and add a concluding sentence.
Claim
A claim is a statement that you are asking the other person to accept. This includes information you are asking them to accept as true (exposition) or actions you want them to accept and enact (persuasion).
Many people start with a claim, but then find that it is challenged. If you just ask me to do something, I will not simply agree with what you want. I will ask why I should agree with you. I will ask you to prove you claim. This is where grounds of data become important.
Data
Data is the basis of real persuasion and is made up of information and hard fact.
The document discusses the need for calibration standards for network devices used to collect forensic data on networks. Currently there are no standards, and network evidence is admitted in court without calibration of the collecting devices. This could lead to unreliable evidence and legal challenges. The document proposes developing network device calibration standards based on current network testing protocols to validate the reliability of network forensic data collection and support the admissibility of network evidence in court.
Questions asked during 23 May webinar (Ethics, Legal issues and data sharing)ARDC
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- Re-identifiable data cannot generally be shared in Queensland without consent or a waiver from the ethics committee. If using a waiver, public health act approval must be obtained.
- Identifiable data can be obtained for research in Queensland without participant consent under public health act approval.
- Queensland has several pieces of legislation related to health information privacy, including the Hospital and Health Boards Act 2011, the Public Health Act 2005, the Information Privacy Act 2009, and the Private Health Facilities Act 1999.
The Topic of the Paper The Problem and Solution for Improving Cus.docxwsusan1
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The Topic of the Paper: The Problem and
Solution
for Improving Customer Services for a Restaurant
Purpose/scope - The final paper/project is intended to engage students in a real-world issue pertaining to your respective internship. The paper topic will be determined and agreed to by the intern supervisor and student. The topic should be beneficial to the company and educational to the student. Once the topic is determined, the student is expected to define the research problem (problem statement), collect the necessary data, and report on the findings. The length of the paper is not specified; however, quality is preferred over quantity. It is expected that papers should be at least 10+ pages long. Finally, it is required that the paper/project and findings will be presented to the internship supervisor by the student
The final paper/project format should be double-spaced using 12-point Times New Roman font with 1” margins.Content, writing logic/flow, spelling and grammar will be graded as part of your final grade. The final paper MUST include the bolded section headings as directed and be organized in the following manner:
1. Final Paper Format – Your paper must follow the following format.
a. Cover Page – Title of the paper, course name and number, semester year, student name and identification number and instructor’s name
b. Table of Contents – Prepare a detailed table of contents, which includes the following section below
c. Executive Summary – The executive summary should be a summary of the report in 1-2 pages with the following captions:
i. Parameters of the report – purpose/objective of the study, type of company, etc.
ii. Description of the problem – describe the problem and how your project will be beneficial to the company.
iii. Methodology – describe how you went about solving the problem. What type of survey did you do? How did you collect data?, etc.
iv. Summary of findings and conclusions – summary of the facts you found surrounding the problem or situation being researched and your conclusions based upon those facts.
v. Recommendations – summarize the specific recommendations you are making to the company to solve the problem or respond to the research project.
d. Section I – Introduction/Background – Provide the reader with a description/ background of the topic that is being researched. Give a contextual backdrop to why this is an important issue to be addressed (e.g., What are competitors doing? What is the marketplace currently doing or headed? What happens if this isn’t addressed?).
e. Section II – Statement of the Problem/Research Project – A brief discussion of the specific topic that will be investigated and addressed and why it is important. (e.g., What is the problem? Why is this problem worth my attention? How important, influential, or popular is this problem? Would research findings lead to some useful change in best practice?)
f. Section III – Methodology – A discussion of how you went about approaching.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptxSitimaJohn
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Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
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An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
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During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
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This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
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Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Skybuffer AI: Advanced Conversational and Generative AI Solution on SAP Busin...Tatiana Kojar
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Skybuffer AI, built on the robust SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP), is the latest and most advanced version of our AI development, reaffirming our commitment to delivering top-tier AI solutions. Skybuffer AI harnesses all the innovative capabilities of the SAP BTP in the AI domain, from Conversational AI to cutting-edge Generative AI and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It also helps SAP customers safeguard their investments into SAP Conversational AI and ensure a seamless, one-click transition to SAP Business AI.
With Skybuffer AI, various AI models can be integrated into a single communication channel such as Microsoft Teams. This integration empowers business users with insights drawn from SAP backend systems, enterprise documents, and the expansive knowledge of Generative AI. And the best part of it is that it is all managed through our intuitive no-code Action Server interface, requiring no extensive coding knowledge and making the advanced AI accessible to more users.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
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Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und ĂĽberflĂĽssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
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5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
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A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
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Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...
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Visual Salesmanship _ Powerful Indicates Over A Move T
1. Visual Salesmanship * Powerful Indicates Over A Move T
One from the priority objectives associated with an advocate should be to inform a new credible
account. One way to achieve this goal would be to existing evidence throughout easy to understand,
credible as well as powerful techniques. Whatever the oratory skill in the endorse or perhaps
witnesses, the usage of powerful displays along with narration is way more powerful with regards to
recollection storage along with persuasiveness towards the trier associated with reality, as compared
to narration on your own.
Demonstrative facts attracts men and women as it requires a greater portion of our own senses. Any
time an recommend are able to do over permit his target audience to listen for the situation, they're
getting more effective. When you add visible perception as well as responsive belief, you raise the
potential of folks to be aware of your current circumstance.
I. Demonstrative data v. Actual Evidence
There is some overlap between the terminology real data as well as demonstrative facts. NOrmally
"actual data " is employed to touch on to an actual physical subject for instance a kill tool. Any time an
object is just illustrative, like a model, reenactment, or exemplar, the data is often lumped in to the
term "demonstrative facts ". However it's referred to, many types of data are often admissible in
Missouri courts using the correct basis.
II. Base for the benefits associated with Demonstrative proof.
The using demonstrative proof can be nicely acknowledged within Missouri process of law after a
suitable base can be put. The person exhibit as well as utilize can decide the appropriate basis
regarding admissibility. This case in point fundamentals are supplied for a few in the a lot more
normal forms of demonstrative evidence.
A. Confirmation regarding photographs. Your foundational elements are :
1. The particular testifying witness is familiar with the thing or perhaps picture that may be shown.
2. The actual experience describes a new schedule because of their knowledge of the thing or
landscape ;
3. Your experience acknowledges the object or picture inside photograph that is offered ;
4. The actual photograph precisely and/or pretty describes the item or even landscape at the related
time.
B. Blueprints as well as chart. The weather for base are usually :
1. The plan or perhaps data shows a specific place, item or perhaps concept ;
2. Your watch knows which area, thing or even concept ;
3. The actual witness explains a schedule because of their knowledge of the region, thing or idea ;
4. Inside witness' viewpoint your plan or data is definitely an correct representation from the location,
item or even principle ;
5. If your graph and or chart or plan contains the actual report associated with fresh exams or even
data a conditional basis has to be laid including that the watch will be skilled to establish your
theories, truth and also trustworthiness of virtually any instrumentation.
2. 6. The main principle can be medically legitimate inside the witness' area ;
7. The theory is normally acknowledged ;
8. Your instrumentation and also strategies are generally reliable ;
9. The actual instrumentation's are often satisfactory and reputable ;
10. The actual see will be certified for you to execute along with read the test ;
11. The instrumentation used to turn up and verify the idea was in excellent doing work problem ;
12. The appropriate methods ended up implemented and that the watch states the results with the
interpretation within the plan or perhaps chart showing the idea.
C. Computer animations along with Simulations.
Foundation regarding laptop or computer cartoon or simulation depends on operate shall be
employed. Will it be utilized as data to be able to illustrate a specialist see view, or perhaps could it be
employed while substantive data.
Use regarding this sort of proof is mostly restricted when the attempt would be to create it as a good
example of what happened in a distinct predicament, except if a foundation is actually laid displaying
substantial likeness involving the conditions during the wedding depicted and the ones suspected
inside simulation or perhaps movement. Discover Richardson versus. State Hwy. And also Transp.
Comm'n, 863 azines.t.second 876, 882 (Mo. Bane. Michael went bonkers ). At times, these kinds of
animated graphics can be excluded about the simple fact they are much more prejudicial than
probative, since was the truth inside express /. Star, 998 utes.w.2nd 61, 67-68 (Mo. Application. The
late 90s ), the place that the courtroom figured the forensic animation movie depicting along with
recreating your defendant's version of an capturing event, has not been admissible.
The suitable basis to admit computer animation evidence is comparable to additional technological
proof with some variants. Circumstance particular study ought to be done, yet an overall foundation
can be :
1. You will find appropriate technological equations and principals seen to science underlying the
issues ;
2. The pc technology may develop simulations or models based on technological equations along
with principals that are medically valid ;
3. The actual principals, equations and also remedies which are scientifically good have been suitably
hard-wired and hang into a pc system or even particular software ;
4. To generate the computer animation or even simulation, selected inputs must be created (normally
numerical ) and the character of the proportions which have been created ;
5. The source in the proportions along with their particular credibility ;
6. It in question in effective at changing your inputted data into correct images and reasonable
depictions which represents a medical principle to be shown ;
7. Somebody competent provides feedback the info had to utilize system along with the principles
along with controlled equations that have been applied inside program ;
8. The particular physical personal computer has been examined in order to ensure the information
has been inputted effectively and that the machine is doing work effectively ;
3. 9. The particular owner (s ) ended up competent not just to make use of the pc and also in order to
input the precise info ;
10. The photos were noted with a moderate which is reliable ;
11. Any experience qualified by encounter and education identifies the interpretation to say which it
pretty and accurately shows the preceding portions of the muse.
III. NOrmal types of Exhibits
1. The specific physical object under consideration ;
2. Reproductions or types ;
3. Photographs ;
4. Close up or perhaps superior pictures ;
5. Airborne photographs ;
6. X-rays;
7. Cat tests ;
8. MRI films ;
9. Healthcare video videos (procedures );
10. Video or motion pictures ;
11. 35mm slides ;
12. Blueprints ;
13. Charts ;
14. Maps/Plats;
15. Transparencies;
16. Health-related or even bodily paintings ;
17. Bodily types ;
18. Agreements, characters along with relevant documents ;
19. Advertisements ;
20. Sound recordings such as emergency services tapes.
IV. Queries associated with Admissibility
A. Things to consider for programs.
In addition in order to doing circumstance distinct investigation to get a suitable base, you must
foresee inside continuing development of exhibits not simply the consequence they will have about
the court however the influence they're going to have on your opponent. In addition to anticipating
specific questions, see whether you aren't the particular exhibit ends in unjust bias or whether it
misleads your court.
Demonstrative proof has the capability to move people psychologically and also to make a important
effect. Treatment must be taken to make sure that while the data works well, it does not unduly stress
objectionable principles or even unduly point out individual answers for example revulsion, contempt
or feel bad for. Advice also need to pay attention to whether or not the show may trick the actual jury.
An demonstration of any time the demonstrate may deceive a court can be found in Gladhill /. Basic
engines Corp., 743 y.2nd 1049 (4th Cir. 84 ). In that case, the demo court permitted a youtube video
4. video tape demonstration through the protection regarding braking characteristics of the 1980
chevrolet citation. Sadly, the actual plaintiffs automobile accident happened in the evening with a
well-defined alpine curve as well as the exhibition ended within the normal on level floor as well as
was conducted through a professional examination new driver. In charm, the safeguard suggested
the videotape was not any renovation from the incident, yet was "a demonstration of certain running
characteristics from the car or truck showcased ". The judge associated with is of interest did not
consent, nevertheless felt that this testimony has been deceptive for the reason that quotation had
been revealed with a spacious concrete street journeying a new direct series having an skilled check
driver rather than the circumstances that have been truly related inside particular circumstance.
B. Common Objections
Typical objections to be able to demonstrative facts usually include : not enough basis, deficiency of
relevancy as well as unduly prejudicial.
In inclusion to the telltale general objections, the strike in demonstrative evidence can be achieved on
a key groundwork matter. A good example has to be digital camera manifestation of your analyze
could be mauled regarding main outcomes, or perhaps that this facts are unreliable, or perhaps that
there is simply no satisfactory sequence associated with child custody or that the benefits are
inaccurately depicted.
V. Why do you use graphic Presentations/Demonstrative Evidence
In the age of game titles, tv set as well as videos, we need to remember the fact that we are all
hiburan pupils. NUmerous scientists, court consultants and others have got researched the effects of
graphic delivering presentations along with our own ability to discover. One particular noteworthy
papers Marino along with Mayer, aesthetic presentations inside multimedia system understanding :
problems which clog visible working recollection, university or college regarding ca, therapy section
reports which graphic presentation along with auditory narration is one of powerful demonstration for
understanding. Every person features a potential to be able to memorize data. However, reports like
this 1 demonstrate in which memory space might be overloaded through things such as visible
business presentation in partnership with visible text message. The top method of mastering definitely
seems to be graphic details joined with oral details, sequencing both together.
This form of display is perfect for the actual demo and also mediation natural environment. In a
mediation, the actual showing attorney or even narrator are able to use aesthetic diagrams, charts or
perhaps images to produce items within their justification in the scenario. In demo, the normal query
and also answer method of following proof together with graphic presentation along with explanation
has an successful ways of training your jury.
For additional information and also ideas on showing visible information, you might like to go through
electronic. Tufte, graphic explanations, photographs and volumes, facts and also story. A different
supply geared much more to attorneys is s. Hamlin, what makes Juries hear today.
VI. Common faults throughout demonstrate Preparation
Every graphic display is intended to market some idea or strategy. Unfortunately, until the actual
demonstrate is obvious and simple to learn, it won't be efficient.
5. Common mistakes include issues with shade and contrast. Listed here are just a few guidelines when
preparing exhibits. Azure wording in black backdrop or similar shade combos tend to be hard to
examine as a result of not enough contrast. Additional coloring combinations for example orange and
also red could cause illusions when placed strongly collectively. Yellow-colored, the industry quite
effective colour with regard to reports, tends to vanish on a bright or even light tinted background.
When preparing exhibits, you should always consider the useful issues such as the color distinction in
the list above. Also, it comes with an occurrence referred to as "synchronised comparison " which
could occur when other hues are placed near each other. The text can take place to be able to vibrate
as well as throw any darkness. Eyesight pressure as well as fatigue will probably be elevated by the
use of clearly opposition colours and will he prevented wherever probable.
VII. Buy of Colors
Colors are connected to emotions along with intellectual sticks concerning the color's "activity ".
Usually cool, lowly over loaded hues such as orange are "passive " and are generally associated with
many advantages. Warmer, far more highly over loaded shades for example red-colored, are
generally regarded as "energetic " and also connected with bad effects.
A very good demonstration of this may be a good instruction/warning handbook. Dire warnings, while
connected with dying as well as severe injuries, are usually shown by way of a red-colored or
perhaps darker orange image.
Since folks are used to this specific association, the usage of this kind of hues throughout sequencing
might be efficient any time showing proof.
VIII. Color Blind
Color is important inside use of powerful displays. It ought to be observed a particular section of the
population is coloring sightless. Most of the time, males have an overabundance troubles compared
to girls. About 8% associated with caucasian adult males, 5% involving Asiatic males along with 3%
of some other males are affected by some degree of colour loss of sight. Generally, these people
could see merely several primary colours.
While you can not think about almost all personal difficulties, one way to handle along with concern is
to feature a few questions on voir dreadful when you find yourself based on aesthetic exhibits to
create the scenario. You can make amends for color lack inside the design and style process.
Coloring window blind individuals generally have difficulties distinct between shade permutations a lot
more than genuine shades. One way to be the cause of this really is to emphasize text together with
colours that will compare but aren't tightly associated colours. As a result, don't transition from
crimson, to be able to red-orange, for you to fruit but instead transition via azure to yellow or african
american in order to white-colored. Furthermore, associating colour changes having an icon is an
efficient technique of delivering an display to folks with some color lack.
IX. Cost of showing Evidence
A. Budget
Anytime an individual to experience a brand-new situation it is just a good option undertake a budget.
When you are thinking your display of indicates, creating a good idea of what you might afford in
6. advance is very important. It's very simple to spend considerable amounts of greenbacks while
preparing displays. Each and every scenario comes with a amount of money that can be rightly
validated to pay in demonstrate expense. To match the dimensions of true, your allowance might
greatly effect how you help make which display.
Generally communicating, the price tag on displays could be categorised into the price of making the
exhibit and also the expense of showing the demonstrate. Inside our practice, we have found that the
expense inside products allowing all of us to be able to in-source a number of the prep as well as
display involving indicates we can create economical exhibits in which normally could possibly be out
of reach for that specific scenario. Some recommendations are the next :
1. Video your own personal depositions. The majority of providers previously individual a relevant
video camera along with a VCR as well as dvd and blu-ray gamer to present the actual recorded
deposition or additional video proof.
2. An electronic digital camera or possibly a motion picture camera having a scanner addicted to your
computer plus a coloring printing device may produce web site dimension image indicates involving
relatively excellent which could after that always be approved for the court. The images can also be
end result via tv, information screens as well as the liquid crystal projector within the the courtroom
being an alternate presentation moderate.
3. NUmerous exhibits which have been textual content centered, using colour additional, can be
easily well prepared about typical computer programs by now on nearly all personal computers. For
instance, the saying control programs for example microsof company word along with word best may
be used to generate page size indicates, court instructions, circulation chart and also yes/no boards.
These kind of exhibits will then be printed, enflamed, and/or attached by simply some other seller
such as a expert exhibit firm or duplicating service.
4. Each of our organization won't change our personal videotapes, but software can be purchased to
allow movie croping and editing with a pc. If you're laptop or computer savvy or even prepared to
understand, this could also considerably reduce your expenses.
B. Advantages and drawbacks regarding strategies to Presentation
Boards: can be a focal point involving attention, but tend to end up being cumbersome when
courtroom is just too big tiny ; several boards can be hard to take care of.
TV: easy to use, can not take care of powerpoint as well as media ; cannot project thus jurors is able
to see effortlessly, frequently distorts photographs or perhaps colours
Data screens : good quality photographs ; needed software package make use of, higher linked cost,
needs competent audio-video create
Multi-Monitor: everyone is able to plainly see data as revealed, court docket may be they cant deal
with a number of screens, calls for skilled av set up
LCD Projectors: cuts down on tools in the the courtroom, have to be completely located thus
everybody can see, good quality features significantly improved upon ; photos tend to be lighter along
with sharper which enable it to become increased
VCRs: easy to use, no immediate access in order to while clips are generally pre-edited, only a four-
7. head VCR could pause and screen a clear image,
Visual Presenters (ELMO): is capable of showing something that fits for the starting, papers has to be
revealed as 50 % webpages being readable, similar to a tiny digicam
Trial software : immediate access to any or all files, depositions, video clips and also demonstratives,
calls for substantial pretrial perform, knowledgeable pc professional & logistically in a position court
room.
PowerPoint or display software package : can create a linear slip show along with very easily create
alterations ; can embed images, poor way to take care of files, many properly employed for summary
as well as bullet-point slideshow
Interactive software program : can develop a flexible non- linear business presentation, need to
predetermine & analyze all information.
QuickTime VR: audience could properly look at a site, region or even item, doesn't work in options
which are constantly changing
There tend to be advantages and disadvantages to every presentation method, along with the
advices the application of to present them. Our own encounters have shown in which planks will be
the simplest and most dependable strategy to current data. REgrettably, in greater cases,
snowboards can be quite expensive along with cumbersome to deal with. Each of our fix for your
problem is actually situation dependent. In a very bigger circumstance the place that the expenses
can be rationalized, we all use snowboards being a principal strategy to make use of aesthetic
marketing within the court docket. We've got expended, however, in a ELMO speaker, tv sets and
other the equipment to use an ELMO graphic speaker incorporated with a VCR and from time to time
the mobile computer. This permits the flexibleness of getting more compact graphic displays well
prepared which could he wear the actual ELMO as well as shown on the screen, considerably
reducing the expense of planning your displays along with, for that reason, cutting down the total cost
of introducing the evidence.
The price of a great ELMO is highly recommended, nevertheless isn't out of your reach of many
regulation office buildings, such as sole providers. Should you be trying litigation, you should think
about it as being any investment. The firm surely could buy a great ELMO speaker along with the
needed tools to send out the actual signal in the VCR, laptop and the particular tv sets for just
$4,thousand.double zero. By using an helper within the court docket, this system significantly cuts
down on tariff of showing evidence.
We are finding that after delivering proof, panels and televisions perform most optimally underneath
most settings. All of us handle circumstances all over the condition regarding Missouri, and for that
reason, encounter a number of court room challenges whenever looking to prepare the actual
presentation associated with proof. Expense projectors and live view screen watches are good
methods, nevertheless the lights in lots of courtrooms often restrict their particular employ. We've
furthermore discovered that will tvs tend to be inexpensive to work with, are happy in order to jurors
and so are very easily changed in the event that damaged.
Our agency provides several software packages which includes Sanction two, powerpoint and
8. presentations. The experience has shown in which power point along with presentations can be
extremely useful for mediation reports but are not accommodating adequate for use in the court room.
These applications works extremely well properly within starting or perhaps shutting, but generally
speaking, must many limiting elements. Trial presentation software program provides many helpful
features. Our knowledge, on the other hand, have been that it needs this kind of substantial pretrial
work which cost savings tend to be outweighed by the perform essential to enter every one of the
data. Moreover, we have knowledgeable techie difficulties during sales pitches which have necessary
us to utilize alternate techniques to existing data with the last second. Our own idea is always that
until you get intensive laptop or computer knowledge (we don't ) or even specialist support staff
members, the usage of this sort of computer software end up being constrained.
X. Exhibits
A. Inventory displays -- Charts/Models
Stock displays can be quite a method to found facts inside a successfully desirable way that allows
you create information more crystal clear. Inside our compensation for injuries training, we very often
use anatomic designs. Within reach of an authority, can be challenging always be excellent
powerpoint slides as well as instructing resources to help you jurors evidently realize the actual
anatomy and incidents included. The particular good thing about these kinds of models is that they
are generally low-cost, might be used again, and so, are generally cost effective at the same time.
Investment demonstrates for example health-related blueprints will also be powerful for the similar
motives. Maps can be acquired over the internet or perhaps as part of an entire selection. Many
services generate maps with the total body system are available for a couple 100 us dollars. Most
word processing applications for instance microsof company phrase or Wordperfect can be used to
revise these kind of photos if they're available on disc as well as disc range of motion. This gives
several level of modification of the graphs.
B. Internal Exhibits
In home displays can be of top quality and intensely cost-effective. Widespread word running
computer software such as 'microsoft' phrase as well as Wordperfect enables you to create powerful
indicates any time joined with shade along with imbedded photographs. Applications including power
point and also reports could also be used to incorporate summary sentences, arrows and make
graphic chart which then can be published on a colour printing device. These kind of displays can be
handed on the jury or even offered through blowup to your panel as well as revealed digitally.
C. Custom made Exhibits
Custom created demonstrates normally search the top and therefore are always the costliest. In
larger situations, we rely to a large degree upon tailor made show panels. While these indicates tend
to be installed on gator aboard and also imprinted from an exceptional big formatting printing device,
they are extremely expensive. On the other hand, the fee may be reduced through an exterior
specialist make your displays and supply these people in electronic format. They can and then
become introduced by laptop by means of one of several display mediums. We now have found this
may preserve around 40% off of the expense of the custom made geared up display. We have
9. furthermore thought it was economical to purchase a number of custom made displays and also have
another party merchant prepare our in-house exhibits about professional snowboards within greater
instances.
We desire there are a few thoughts as well as tips with this paper and the presentation that might be
useful in your current practice. Good luck with your instances.
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