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Multimedijski sustavi
Nositelj: Nataša Hoić-Božić
Autor: Azra Lukić
 lat. "vidim"
 drugi naziv videotehnika
 zajednički je naziv za niz tehničkih postupaka
kojima se ostvaruje snimanje, zapis, obrada,
prijenos i prikaz pokretnih slika koje se
gledaju
na televizijskom ili računalnom zaslonu.
2
 Kompresija video zapisa se zasniva na
kombiniranju prostorne kompresije pojedine
sličice u video zapisu s temporalnom
kompresijom koja se zasniva na činjenici da
su dvije uzastopne sličice u video zapisu
međusobno slične te koristi prethodnu da što
bolje rekonstruira iduću sličicu
 djelovi prethodne sličice se mogu uz
određene transformacije iskoristiti za
rekonstruiranje djelova sljedeće
3
 Analogni: kontinuirani analogni i električni signal koji
sadrži informacije o osobinama slike. Formati:
VHS, S-VHS, Betamax, Video 2000.
 Digitalni: svaki kadar je nepomična slika koja se
sastoji od pixela, gdje su pixeli predstavljeni
binarnim brojevima. Formati: D-VHS (JVC), D-Theater,
DV, HDV
4
 konačni efekt je nestanje analognih
artefakata (šum, koji rezultira analognim
"snijegom" )
 nestaje efekt preklapanja slike tj. fantomske
slike i zvukovi.
 standard dopušta i sliku veće razlučivosti, jer
je na raspolaganju mogućnost prijenosa više
informacija u istom vremenu u odnosu na
analogni signal
5
 Windows Media datoteka (.asf)- Ovim
formatom datoteka spremaju se
sinkronizirani multimedijski podaci koji se
koriste za strujanje audio i video sadržaja,
slika i skriptnih naredbi na mreži.
6
 Windows video datoteka (.avi)- Multimedijski
format datoteke za spremanje zvuka i
pokretnih slika u formatu Microsoft Resource
Interchange File Format (RIFF). Riječ je o
jednom od najčešćih formata jer se audio ili
video sadržaj koji se komprimira čitavim
nizom različitih kodeka može spremiti u .avi
datoteci.
7
 Filmska datoteka (.mpg)- Evolutivni skup
normi za video i audio kompresiju koji je
razvilo tijelo Moving Picture Experts Group.
Format datoteke koji je koncipiran izričito za
upotrebu s Video-CD i CD-i medijima.
8
 Windows Media Video (.wmv) - Format
datoteka koji komprimira audio i video
korištenjem Windows Media Video kodeka,
odlikuje se visokom kompresijom koja
zahtijeva minimalnu količinu prostora za
pohranu na tvrdom disku računala.
9
 Koristi se kod PAL standarda za analogne
televizijske sustave
 postupak pretvorbe je složen i dugotrajan te
je potrebno uvesti razne optimizacije
 YUV sustav boja je pogodan za
komprimiranje slike no javlja se potreba za
pretvaranjem u RGB sustav boja kako bi se
slika mogla koristiti na teksturi na
grafičkom sklopovlju.
10
 Program ili uređaj sposoban za obavljanje
kodiranja i dekodiranja na digitalnih podataka
stream ili signal je poznat kao Codec.
 Codec je algoritam korišten za kodiranje i
dekodiranje glas razgovor u slučaju VoIP
 Glas i zvuk koji čujemo se u analognom
obliku i mora biti pretvoren u digitalni oblik
za prijenos preko Interneta
11
 Audio -računalni program koji komprimira
digitalni audio podataka. Provodi se kao
knjižnica koje djeluju kao sučelje za jedan ili
više multimedijalnih playera kao što je
Winamp, XMMS i Windows Media Player.
 Video codec - uređaj ili softver modul koji
omogućuje korištenje kompresije podataka
za digitalni video. Nalazi se u DVD, VCD, u
nastajanju satelitske i zemaljske sustave
emitiranja i na internetu.
12
 Podatak codec -podaci koji se automatski
rješavaju i može biti komprimirana i
dekomprimiraju uz pomoć podataka codeka
13
Hvala na pažnji
14

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Video-završni

  • 1. Multimedijski sustavi Nositelj: Nataša Hoić-Božić Autor: Azra Lukić
  • 2.  lat. "vidim"  drugi naziv videotehnika  zajednički je naziv za niz tehničkih postupaka kojima se ostvaruje snimanje, zapis, obrada, prijenos i prikaz pokretnih slika koje se gledaju na televizijskom ili računalnom zaslonu. 2
  • 3.  Kompresija video zapisa se zasniva na kombiniranju prostorne kompresije pojedine sličice u video zapisu s temporalnom kompresijom koja se zasniva na činjenici da su dvije uzastopne sličice u video zapisu međusobno slične te koristi prethodnu da što bolje rekonstruira iduću sličicu  djelovi prethodne sličice se mogu uz određene transformacije iskoristiti za rekonstruiranje djelova sljedeće 3
  • 4.  Analogni: kontinuirani analogni i električni signal koji sadrži informacije o osobinama slike. Formati: VHS, S-VHS, Betamax, Video 2000.  Digitalni: svaki kadar je nepomična slika koja se sastoji od pixela, gdje su pixeli predstavljeni binarnim brojevima. Formati: D-VHS (JVC), D-Theater, DV, HDV 4
  • 5.  konačni efekt je nestanje analognih artefakata (šum, koji rezultira analognim "snijegom" )  nestaje efekt preklapanja slike tj. fantomske slike i zvukovi.  standard dopušta i sliku veće razlučivosti, jer je na raspolaganju mogućnost prijenosa više informacija u istom vremenu u odnosu na analogni signal 5
  • 6.  Windows Media datoteka (.asf)- Ovim formatom datoteka spremaju se sinkronizirani multimedijski podaci koji se koriste za strujanje audio i video sadržaja, slika i skriptnih naredbi na mreži. 6
  • 7.  Windows video datoteka (.avi)- Multimedijski format datoteke za spremanje zvuka i pokretnih slika u formatu Microsoft Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). Riječ je o jednom od najčešćih formata jer se audio ili video sadržaj koji se komprimira čitavim nizom različitih kodeka može spremiti u .avi datoteci. 7
  • 8.  Filmska datoteka (.mpg)- Evolutivni skup normi za video i audio kompresiju koji je razvilo tijelo Moving Picture Experts Group. Format datoteke koji je koncipiran izričito za upotrebu s Video-CD i CD-i medijima. 8
  • 9.  Windows Media Video (.wmv) - Format datoteka koji komprimira audio i video korištenjem Windows Media Video kodeka, odlikuje se visokom kompresijom koja zahtijeva minimalnu količinu prostora za pohranu na tvrdom disku računala. 9
  • 10.  Koristi se kod PAL standarda za analogne televizijske sustave  postupak pretvorbe je složen i dugotrajan te je potrebno uvesti razne optimizacije  YUV sustav boja je pogodan za komprimiranje slike no javlja se potreba za pretvaranjem u RGB sustav boja kako bi se slika mogla koristiti na teksturi na grafičkom sklopovlju. 10
  • 11.  Program ili uređaj sposoban za obavljanje kodiranja i dekodiranja na digitalnih podataka stream ili signal je poznat kao Codec.  Codec je algoritam korišten za kodiranje i dekodiranje glas razgovor u slučaju VoIP  Glas i zvuk koji čujemo se u analognom obliku i mora biti pretvoren u digitalni oblik za prijenos preko Interneta 11
  • 12.  Audio -računalni program koji komprimira digitalni audio podataka. Provodi se kao knjižnica koje djeluju kao sučelje za jedan ili više multimedijalnih playera kao što je Winamp, XMMS i Windows Media Player.  Video codec - uređaj ili softver modul koji omogućuje korištenje kompresije podataka za digitalni video. Nalazi se u DVD, VCD, u nastajanju satelitske i zemaljske sustave emitiranja i na internetu. 12
  • 13.  Podatak codec -podaci koji se automatski rješavaju i može biti komprimirana i dekomprimiraju uz pomoć podataka codeka 13