VSAT is a satellite communication system that uses small antennas, typically 1-3 meters in diameter, to connect to satellites. It has two main components: an outdoor unit including the antenna and radio equipment, and an indoor unit that interfaces with user equipment. VSAT networks consist of a central hub station, geostationary satellite, and multiple remote VSAT terminals. The hub station manages the network and transmits data to the satellite at high speeds, which then broadcasts the signals to the remote VSATs. VSAT networks provide cost-effective, flexible connectivity and can support voice, video, and data transmission for applications like credit verification, stock control, and video conferencing.

1. SEMINAR REPORT ON
VERY SMALL APERTURE TERMINAL(VSAT)
PRESENTED BY: Dr. SK. MASTAN VALI

2. WHAT IS VSAT ?WHAT IS VSAT ?
VSAT is a device ( known as earth station )that is used
to receive satellite transmission.
It has two basic components
1.OUTDOOR UNIT
2.INDOOR UNIT

3. ODU & IDUODU & IDU
OUT DOOR UNIT
•ANTENNA
•RADIO FREQUENCY
TERMINAL
•LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER
•SOLID STATE POWER
AMPLIFIER
•LOW NOISE BREAKER
INDOOR UNIT
• It is the “ brain” of the
VSAT.
• It contains the interface
between the vsat & the
customer’s equipment.
• This equipment can
either be a PC, a
TELEPHONE,TV, or
almost any other
equipment.

4. DIFFERENT VSATSDIFFERENT VSATS

5. VSAT NETWORKVSAT NETWORK
A VSAT network has the following components:
•A CENTRAL HUB
•A SATELLITE
•UNLIMITED REMOTE VSATS

6. HUB STATIONHUB STATION
• The hub station is a relatively large, high performance earth
station with an antenna diameter of anything between 6 to 9
meters.
• The hub consists of a control center ,which manages the n/w as
well as microwave equipment, including the outdoor antenna for
the transmission and reception of signals.
• Outbound data from the hub is transmitted at relatively high
data rates (56 to 1024 kb/s).

7. SATELLITESATELLITE
• The satellite is a geostationary satellite. It is
essentially a repeater or mirror ,that reflects
transmissions from the terminal back to earth .This
enables one terminal of the network to communicate
with another terminal hundreds of miles away .
Furthermore, it also enables broadcasting
information from one terminal to many others ,as the
transmission of the signal from the satellite back to
earth normally covers a large geographical area.
• Two types of satellites are there:
 KU-BAND SATELLITE
 C-BAND SATELLITE

8. GEOSTATIONARYGEOSTATIONARY
SATELLITESATELLITE

9. VSAT NETWORKVSAT NETWORK

11. TOPOLOGYTOPOLOGY
VSAT network can be arranged in following ways:
 STAR TOPOLOGY
 MESH TOPOLOGY
 HYBRID TOPOLOGY

12. STAR TOPOLOGYSTAR TOPOLOGY
 The earth hub station
acts as the central node
& employs a large size
transceiver.
 Each remote user is
supported by a VSAT.
 The satellite provides a
broadcast medium
acting as a common
connection point for all
the remote VSAT earth
station

13. HUB NETWORKHUB NETWORK
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF HUB NETWORK:
 SHARED HUB NETWORK
 MINI HUB NETWORK

14. SHAREDSHARED HUB NETWORKHUB NETWORK
 To make the VSAT network more affordable the hub
is shared between several users ,there by spreading
the cost.
 The hub is usually owned by a service provider who
retains overall control over the network.
 Each user is allocated his own time slots or carriers
& can operate his own private n/w using shared hub
facility without any loss of privacy.
 The operation and management of these sub network
is performed by the users themselves.

15. VSAT SHARED HUBVSAT SHARED HUB
NETWORKNETWORK

16. MINI HUB NETWORKMINI HUB NETWORK
 Each user has his own mini hub smaller &
simpler, and hence cheaper than a
conventional hub.
 Each user organization has complete
control over his own communication.
 Overall management of the complete n/w is
provided by the service supplier who has a
“super hub” which provides n/w supervision
&diagnostic support.

17. MINI HUB NETWORKMINI HUB NETWORK
CONFIGURATIONCONFIGURATION

18. ADVANTAGES OF VSATADVANTAGES OF VSAT
TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY
• COST EFFECTIVE
• FLEXIBILITY
• ACCESSIBILITY
• TRANSMISSION QUALITY
• HIGH NETWORK PERFORMANCE
• FAST TRANSMISSION
• CONTROL
• ABILITY TO HANDLE LARGE AMOUNTS OF DATA
• ABILITY TO HANDLE VOICE,VIDEO &DATA

19. APPLICATIONAPPLICATION
• CREDIT CARD VERIFICATION
• CENTRALISED STOCK CONTROL
• CENTRALISED TICKET RESERVATION SYSTEM
• STOCK EXCHANGE PRICE BROAD CASTING
• VIDEO CONFERENCING

20. END OF SEMINAR
THANK YOU