- Oracle has changed its Java licensing such that updates for production use of Oracle Java now require a subscription. Existing installations are unchanged but new updates will be under a development license. - Organizations need to audit their use of Oracle Java to understand what is currently installed and used, where it is used, and how to establish an appropriate licensing and support strategy going forward, whether continuing with Oracle Java, moving to alternatives like OpenJDK, or a hybrid approach. - The changes introduce challenges around understanding embedded uses of Java, who is responsible for various installations, and ensuring compliance as Oracle may perform audits.

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Oracle Java Licensing Changes
What’s Really Going On!??
Paul Bullen, Principal License Consultant

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Version 1 at a Glance
€128M
£115M
98%
CUSTOMER
RETENTION
3
LEADING TECHNOLOGY
PARTNERS
1200+
EMPLOYEES
IN UK, IRELAND & INDIA
#1
CUSTOMER SUCCESS
CX Impact Awards 2019
400+
CUSTOMERS
Top 10
WORKPLACES IN EUROPE
(2017-2019)
9
GLOBAL
ACQUISITIONS
20 YEARS
PROVING VALUE OF I.T.

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Oracle License Management Team
• Oracle licensing experts (Rocela) since 2002; providing deep technical and commercial expertise
• Independent
• Also Define, Design, Develop and Deliver SAM processes
• Not just focussed on Oracle
Me
• Principal consultant
• Oracle licensing since 2001
• DBA

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Background
• Oracle…
• ‘Simplification’
– Synching of OpenJDK (open source) and Oracle JDK (6 months)
– 6 monthly release cadence: no major releases (feature releases)
– Change of naming (again) , e.g. 19.3.1 (YY.MM.release)
– ‘De-commercialisation’ of some commercial features
– New Long Term Support (LTS) release every 3 years (8, 11, 17)
• Charging for security patches and support
• Introduction of subscriptions rather than traditional perpetual license
• A lot of exposure for a lot of customers: Oracle ‘houses’ or not!

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2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
8
9
(18.3) 10
(18.9) 11
(19.3) 12
(19.9) 13
(20.3) 14
(20.9) 15
(21.3) 16
(21.9) 17
(22.3) 18
(22.9) 19
(23.3) 20
Production: Oracle JDK with subscription / Dev, test etc: no subscription Extended Support (subscription)
Production: Oracle JDK with subscription / Dev, test etc: no subscription Extended Support (subs)
Public updates
Other JDK based on OpenJDK
Production: Oracle JDK with subscription / Dev, test etc: no subscription
Prod: Premier
support and
updates ($)
Dev/test – no
subscription
Extended support
and updates ($).
Subscription
required.
Parallel OpenJDK / Oracle JDK release
($ for production). Choose provider
before download
No updates
overlap: move to
next release
Other JDK based on OpenJDK
Other JDK based on OpenJDK
Updates and support
for alternative JDK
based on Open JDK
End of 6 month identical builds:
decision to be made about updates:
None, Oracle or other provider
No further updates or support;
upgrade
Non-LTS;not
recommendedfor
enterprises
LTSNon-LTS;not
recommendedfor
enterprises
Current Situation
Legacy
Java 4, 5, 6, 7, old 8 (2015+)

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Key Changes
• Updates to Oracle Java (8) require subscription from 16th April 2019.
– Oracle Java 11 – since release
– For production. Dev/test/prototyping available under new ‘zero cost’ (OTN Dev for Java) license
• Support: no change—always needed to pay
• Existing Java 8 installations are unchanged
– Still under the Oracle Binary Code License (or OpenJDK is GPL V2+Classpath Exception)
• Check T&Cs are appropriate!
– Cannot retrospectively change
– New updates to be under OTN Development license for Oracle Java SE
• Oracle Java naming changes
– Still confusing! Java 11
• Update 16 Oct 18 = 11.0.1+13 (18.9.1)
• 15 Jan 19 = 11.0.2+9 (18.9.4)

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BCL License (legacy)
• Sun license agreement from early 2000s
– Java 4, 1.03 (2006)
• Standard terms plus Supplemental
– Standard: rights, restrictions
– Supplemental: commercial features, distribution
• “Free” as long as no commercial features are used????
• General Purpose…Computers
– "Programs" means (a) Java technology applets and applications intended to run on the Java
Platform, Standard Edition platform on Java-enabled General Purpose Desktop Computers and
Servers
– "General Purpose Desktop Computers and Servers" means computers, including desktop and
laptop computers, or servers, used for general computing functions under end user control (such
as but not specifically limited to email, general purpose Internet browsing, and office suite
productivity tools).

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OTN License for Oracle Java SE (11, 8u_211+)
• Oracle Technology Network License Agreement for Oracle Java SE
– License Rights and Restrictions
Oracle grants You a nonexclusive, nontransferable, limited license to internally use the Programs, subject to the restrictions stated in this
Agreement and Program Documentation, only for the purpose of developing, testing, prototyping and demonstrating Your Application
and not for any other purpose.
– Further, You may not:- use the Programs for any data processing or any commercial, production, or internal business purposes other
than developing, testing, prototyping, and demonstrating your Application
• Production - $$$
• Non-production
– Ensure above terms are agreed in your organisation
– Expect monitoring of downloads by Oracle
• Should you prevent access?

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Audit
• BCL…
– TERMINATION. This Agreement is effective until terminated. You may terminate this Agreement at any time by destroying all
copies of Software. This Agreement will terminate immediately without notice from Oracle if you fail to comply with any
provision of this Agreement. Either party may terminate this Agreement immediately should any Software become, or in
either party's opinion be likely to become, the subject of a claim of infringement of any intellectual property right. Upon
termination, you must destroy all copies of Software
– K. TERMINATION FOR INFRINGEMENT. Either party may terminate this Agreement immediately should any Software
become, or in either party's opinion be likely to become, the subject of a claim of infringement of any intellectual property
right
– L. INSTALLATION AND AUTO-UPDATE. The Software's installation and auto-update processes transmit a limited
amount of data to Oracle (or its service provider) about those specific processes to help Oracle understand and
optimize them. Oracle does not associate the data with personally identifiable information. You can find more
information about the data Oracle collects as a result of your Software download
at http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/documentation/index.html.
• OTN License for Oracle Java SE
– Audit; Termination Oracle may audit an Entity's use of the Programs. You may terminate this Agreement by destroying all
copies of the Programs. This Agreement shall automatically terminate without notice if You fail to comply with any of the
terms of this Agreement, in which case You shall promptly destroy all copies of the Programs.

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Approach
• Applies to certain releases only
– Abnormal (for Oracle!)
• Oracle Java included in existing licensed products
– WebLogic, database, E-Business Suite
– Used only to run that Oracle product
– No direct support…
• Third-party / in-house apps
• Desktops and servers
• Cloud
– Your right to use the specified Oracle Java SE Subscription Program(s) for Your internal business operations includes using the Oracle
Java SE Subscription Program(s) to run Your Java applications as a cloud service, subject to the terms of the Master Agreement. For the
avoidance of doubt, You shall not make the Oracle Java SE Subscription Program(s) themselves available as a cloud service.

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Contact application
provider to understand
Java support status
Determine in-house
strategy for patching /
support.
Map servers / desktops
to applications
Refined list of
licensableservers /
desktops
List ofservers /
desktops which need
to be licensed
Discover all desktops
and servers with Oracle
Java installed
Categoriseinstallation list:
 Commercially supportable
 Embedded / third-party
supported servers
 Servers which will not be
patched or upgraded
 Java-included Oracle
products
 Servers covered by
existing Java SE licenses
Apply Oracle license
calculations and policies. THIS IS
NON-TRIVIAL and different
approaches can be applied.
Licenses should be split by
desktop (Named User Plus) and
server (Processor )
Application owner
Application owner
Oracle softwareadmin
Application owner / server
admin / estate management/
CMDB
Estatemanagement / SAM
Combine and categorise data
Establish 3rd
party
applications which use
Oracle Java (excluding
embedded)
Establish which in-
house applications use
Oracle Java (excluding
embedded)
Establish which
applications contain
Oracle-included Java;
e.g. Weblogic
Start
Confirm only Oracle
products using Java
Determine existing Java
SE licenses / rights
Approach To Discovery

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Considerations
• Don’t assume you are immune: Java is everywhere!
• Beware extra cost options: MSI Installer!?
• Tools provide raw data only
– NONE of them can give you a license requirement
– Use your existing tools, apply rules and policies
• Understand your policies
– Do you want to patch your desktops?
– Can your applications providers / developers use OpenJDK?

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Licensing Oracle Java
• Subscription: license and support combined
– Not a perpetual license: stopping the subscription means you need to remove software
– At the end of the specified subscription term, You may renew Your subscription, if available, at the then current fees for
the applicable subscription. If You choose not to renew Your subscription, Your right to use the specified Oracle Java SE
Subscription Program(s) will terminate and You must de-install the specified Oracle Java SE Subscription Program(s).
• Available in Processor (server) and Named User Plus (desktop) metrics
– $2.50 per NUP / month
– $25 per Processor / month
• Usual fun Oracle rules apply…
– VMware policy

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Challenges
• Tools cannot fix this
• ‘Embedded’ Java
• Who is responsible?
• Why is Oracle Java installed, what is using it?
– Java Usage Tool
• Doom and gloom from Oracle Java managers
• Audits are likely to come
– Alignments / commission

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Alternatives
• OpenJDK
• Free
– GPL v2+CE
• Updates/patches
– Generic, IBM, RedHat, Azul, create your own
– Paid for in some way
– Longevity of support organisation
• Mixed estate
• Effort…

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Case Studies
• Oracle contacting large number of organisations: who to contact?
• ULAs… not yet

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Summary
• Don’t panic!
• Assess your estate
• Understand the rules
• Establish policies
• Count…
• Buy something??
• Seek help
– Perform or QA

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Q&A