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Verbal Interaction in Paired Think-Aloud Problem Solving:
Comparison of the Characteristics of Small Groups
Based on Achievement
Taehee Noh*, Hunsik Kang, and Kyungmoon Jeon†
Department of Chemistry Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-748, Korea
†
Department of Science Education, Gwangju National University of Education, Gwangju 500-703, Korea
(Received May 9, 2002)
.
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ABSTRACT. This study investigated the characteristics of verbal interactions of various small groups based on previous
achievement in paired think-aloud problem solving. Two classes of a high school were assigned to the homogeneous and het-
erogeneous groups, and taught on chemistry. Students from homogeneous groups (high·high, mid·mid) and heterogeneous
groups (high·mid, high·low) were selected, and their algorithmic problem solving on chemical equation and stoichiometry were
audio/video taped. In high·high group, solver’s ‘require agreement’ and listener’s ‘agree’ were frequently exhibited. On the
other hands, listener’s ‘point out’ and solver’s ‘modify’ were frequently exhibited in mid·mid group, which was also observed
in the heterogeneous groups (high·mid, high·low). Many verbal interactions were analyzed to be in symmetrical type. In this
type, ‘require agreement-agree’ of high·high group was the most frequent. ‘Problem solving-agree’ of high·high group was the
most frequent in the solver-dominant type, while ‘point out-modify’ of high·low group in the listener-dominant type. The verbal
behaviors related to the solving stage were frequently observed, but there were few related to the reviewing stage.
Keywords: Paired Think-Aloud Problem Solving, Verbal Behavior, Verbal Interaction, Problem Solving Stages
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Table 1. Examples of problems given to the students
Methane (CH4) reacts with oxygen (O2) to produce water and carbon dioxide.
Example 1 CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → 2H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
What mass of O2 are required to react completely with 160 g of CH4?
Calcium carbide (CaC2) reacts with water to produce acetylene (C2H2) according to the equation
Example 2 CaC2 (s) + 2H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (s) + C2H2 (g)
How many grams of CaC2 are required to produce 44.8 L (at 0 oC and 1.00 atm) of C2H2 by this reaction?
2003, Vol. 47, No. 5
28. 522
1. ‘Ù’ h, e ’9 b 62 Table 2. Mean time used in paired think-aloud problem solving
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89. ; ;
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Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
