Validating XML - Avoiding the pain

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Slides from the DTD / XSD tutorial by Arne Blankerts and me. We did a lot of live hacking in this session, so the slides are quite thin.

Validating XML - Avoiding the pain

Arne Blankerts <arne@thephp.cc>, TobiasSchlitt <toby@php.net>

IPC 2009

2009-11-17

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 1 / 18

Outline

1 Welcome

2 Introduction

3 Schema formats

4 The end

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 2 / 18

Arne Blankerts

Arne Blankerts <arne@thephp.cc>
PHP since 1999 (10 years of PHP!)
Co-Founder of thePHP.cc
ballyhoo. werbeagentur.
Open source addicted
Inventor and lead developer of fCMS site
system
Contributor and translator for the PHP manual

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 3 / 18

Tobias Schlitt

Tobias Schlitt <toby@php.net>
PHP since 2001
Freelancing consultant
Qualiﬁed IT Specialist
Studying CS at TU Dortmund
(ﬁnishing 2010)
OSS addicted
PHP
eZ Components
PHPUnit

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 4 / 18

Outline

1 Welcome

2 Introduction
Why the hell validate?
Validation basics

3 Schema formats

4 The end

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 5 / 18

XML is everywhere

On your HD
On the web
In your app

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 6 / 18

XML comes from everywhere

From the web
From your app
From your users
From 3rd parties

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 7 / 18

So why validate?

Broken incoming data breaks your app
Broken outgoing data breaks other apps
You test code, why not test XML?

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 8 / 18

What is a XML schema?

Deﬁnes the structure of data
Possibly deﬁnes data types
Used to validate correctness
Helpful as documentation
Similar to database schemas!

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 9 / 18

When to use it?

On XML generation in your app
Before your app consumes XML
In your tests
Give to your XML consumers

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 10 / 18

Outline

1 Welcome

2 Introduction

3 Schema formats
Overview
DTD
XML Schema

4 The end

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 11 / 18

XML schema formats

DTD
XSD
RELAX NG

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 12 / 18

XML schema formats

DTD Document Type Deﬁnition
Part of the XML speciﬁcation
Allows deﬁnition of entities
No advanced type support
Does not support diﬀerent types for same element name
XSD
RELAX NG

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 12 / 18

XML schema formats

DTD
XSD XML Schema
W3C recommendation since May 2001
Advanced type support
Support for keys and key references
No support for entities
RELAX NG

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 12 / 18

XML schema formats

DTD
XSD
RELAX NG Regular Language for XML Next Generation
Deﬁned by OASIS, ISO/IEC 19757
Generally more powerful than XSD
No support for entities
Not (yet?) as popular as XSD

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 12 / 18

DTD

Let’s dig into the code. . .
Schema deﬁnitions
Entities

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 13 / 18

DTD

Let’s dig into the code. . .
Schema deﬁnitions
Advanced types
Key and key-ref

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 14 / 18

XSD goodies

Qualiﬁed / unqualiﬁed
<any> namespace handling
Validation of external elements/attributes
Abstract types and inheritance
Nillable

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 15 / 18

XSD goodies

Qualiﬁed / unqualiﬁed
<any> namespace handling
##any
##other
##local
Validation of external elements/attributes
Abstract types and inheritance
Nillable

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 15 / 18

XSD goodies

Qualiﬁed / unqualiﬁed
<any> namespace handling
Validation of external elements/attributes
strict
skip
lax
Abstract types and inheritance
Nillable

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 15 / 18

Outline

1 Welcome

2 Introduction

3 Schema formats

4 The end

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 16 / 18

Q/A

Are there any questions left?
Please give us some feedback!

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 17 / 18

The end

We hope you enjoyed the session!
Slides and material:
Delivered by Software & Support
http://schlitt.info/opensource
On Slideshare (http://slideshare.net)
Contact us:
Arne Blankerts <arne@thephp.cc>
Tobias Schlitt <toby@php.net>
Give us feedback on http://joind.in/1043

Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 18 / 18

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Validating XML - Avoiding the pain

1. Validating XML - Avoiding the pain Arne Blankerts <arne@thephp.cc>, TobiasSchlitt <toby@php.net> IPC 2009 2009-11-17 Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 1 / 18

2. Outline 1 Welcome 2 Introduction 3 Schema formats 4 The end Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 2 / 18

3. Arne Blankerts Arne Blankerts <arne@thephp.cc> PHP since 1999 (10 years of PHP!) Co-Founder of thePHP.cc ballyhoo. werbeagentur. Open source addicted Inventor and lead developer of fCMS site system Contributor and translator for the PHP manual Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 3 / 18

4. Tobias Schlitt Tobias Schlitt <toby@php.net> PHP since 2001 Freelancing consultant Qualiﬁed IT Specialist Studying CS at TU Dortmund (ﬁnishing 2010) OSS addicted PHP eZ Components PHPUnit Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 4 / 18

5. Outline 1 Welcome 2 Introduction Why the hell validate? Validation basics 3 Schema formats 4 The end Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 5 / 18

6. XML is everywhere On your HD On the web In your app Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 6 / 18

7. XML is everywhere On your HD On the web In your app Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 6 / 18

8. XML is everywhere On your HD On the web In your app Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 6 / 18

9. XML comes from everywhere From the web From your app From your users From 3rd parties Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 7 / 18

10. XML comes from everywhere From the web From your app From your users From 3rd parties Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 7 / 18

11. XML comes from everywhere From the web From your app From your users From 3rd parties Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 7 / 18

12. XML comes from everywhere From the web From your app From your users From 3rd parties Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 7 / 18

13. So why validate? Broken incoming data breaks your app Broken outgoing data breaks other apps You test code, why not test XML? Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 8 / 18

14. So why validate? Broken incoming data breaks your app Broken outgoing data breaks other apps You test code, why not test XML? Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 8 / 18

15. So why validate? Broken incoming data breaks your app Broken outgoing data breaks other apps You test code, why not test XML? Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 8 / 18

16. So why validate? Broken incoming data breaks your app Broken outgoing data breaks other apps You test code, why not test XML? Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 8 / 18

17. What is a XML schema? Deﬁnes the structure of data Possibly deﬁnes data types Used to validate correctness Helpful as documentation Similar to database schemas! Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 9 / 18

18. When to use it? On XML generation in your app Before your app consumes XML In your tests Give to your XML consumers Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 10 / 18

19. Outline 1 Welcome 2 Introduction 3 Schema formats Overview DTD XML Schema 4 The end Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 11 / 18

20. XML schema formats DTD XSD RELAX NG Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 12 / 18

21. XML schema formats DTD Document Type Definition Part of the XML specification Allows definition of entities No advanced type support Does not support different types for same element name XSD RELAX NG Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 12 / 18

22. XML schema formats DTD XSD XML Schema W3C recommendation since May 2001 Advanced type support Support for keys and key references No support for entities RELAX NG Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 12 / 18

23. XML schema formats DTD XSD RELAX NG Regular Language for XML Next Generation Deﬁned by OASIS, ISO/IEC 19757 Generally more powerful than XSD No support for entities Not (yet?) as popular as XSD Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 12 / 18

24. DTD Let’s dig into the code. . . Schema deﬁnitions Entities Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 13 / 18

25. DTD Let’s dig into the code. . . Schema deﬁnitions Advanced types Key and key-ref Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 14 / 18

26. XSD goodies Qualiﬁed / unqualiﬁed <any> namespace handling Validation of external elements/attributes Abstract types and inheritance Nillable Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 15 / 18

27. XSD goodies Qualiﬁed / unqualiﬁed <any> namespace handling ##any ##other ##local Validation of external elements/attributes Abstract types and inheritance Nillable Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 15 / 18

28. XSD goodies Qualiﬁed / unqualiﬁed <any> namespace handling Validation of external elements/attributes strict skip lax Abstract types and inheritance Nillable Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 15 / 18

29. XSD goodies Qualiﬁed / unqualiﬁed <any> namespace handling Validation of external elements/attributes Abstract types and inheritance Nillable Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 15 / 18

30. XSD goodies Qualiﬁed / unqualiﬁed <any> namespace handling Validation of external elements/attributes Abstract types and inheritance Nillable Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 15 / 18

31. Outline 1 Welcome 2 Introduction 3 Schema formats 4 The end Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 16 / 18

32. Q/A Are there any questions left? Please give us some feedback! Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 17 / 18

33. The end We hope you enjoyed the session! Slides and material: Delivered by Software & Support http://schlitt.info/opensource On Slideshare (http://slideshare.net) Contact us: Arne Blankerts <arne@thephp.cc> Tobias Schlitt <toby@php.net> Give us feedback on http://joind.in/1043 Arne Blankerts, Tobias Schlitt (IPC 2009) Validating XML - Avoiding the pain 2009-11-17 18 / 18

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