Utah
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The document summarizes key facts about the state of Utah, including: The state flower is the sego lily, chosen in 1911 after a children's vote. The state bird is the California gull, which helped save pioneer crops. Major industries include oil, mining, farming and tourism. Key historical events include early explorations in the 1820s-1840s and the Mormon pioneers' arrival in 1847. The state motto is "industry" represented by a beehive. The state flag, adopted in 1913, features the beehive, sego lilies and eagle above US flags.
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By the 1860s, agricultural settlement reached the western margins of the tall grass prairies
Ecology-60 million years ago, the Rocky Mountains rose out of the sea and covered western North AmericaWith no outlet, the shallow inland sea dried upA hard pan was leftSediment washed down from the mountains over time to form a loose, featureless surface
Ecology-The climate suffered from cycles of drought because moist winds from the Pacific ocean delivered rain on the western slope of the Sierras Only drought-resistant grasses and plants could survive in this climateThe ecosystem could support certain plants and animals, but had not nurtured very much human settlement
About 100,000 Native American groups lived on the plains in 1850They were very diverseThey have been categorized across six linguistic families and 30 “tribal” groupsMandan, Arikara, Pawnee
~lived in permanent villages
~planted corn & beans
~however, smallpox & measles ravaged settled groups
Kiowa, Comanche, Arapaho, Cheyenne, “Blackfeet,” “Crow,” & SiouxWere dispersed in hunting groupsFirst arrived on the plains in the 1600sHunted buffaloMoved from lake country in northern Minnesota when fish and game dwindled
Kiowa, Comanche, Arapaho, Cheyenne, “Blackfeet,” “Crow,” & SiouxBecame nomadicLived in portable skin teepeesAcquired horses from southwestern groupsCame to claim the entire Great Plains North of the Arkansas RiverDrove out or subjugated longer-settled groups
One notable group of Plains Native American Indians were the Lakota SiouxThey had strict gender rolesWomen were more subordinate than in other groupsSaw God as a series of powers pervading the universeThe Sun Dance was one form of religious worship for them
Image of Sun Dance from http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rs/2/lectures/lakota/sundance.detail.jpg.
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The Lakota Sioux were not a self-contained group of peopleThey traded with others, including whitesPelts and buffalo robes were traded for kettles, knives, blankets, & guns, which the Lakota came to rely upon
Again, prior to the 1840s gold rush, land in the west was seen as only worthy of Native American Indian settlement and useIn 1834, congress formally designated the Great Plains as permanent Indian countryThe army constructed border forts from Lake Superior to Fort Worth TexasThey were made of stone because they would be in place “forever”“Mainstream” Americans would theoretically trade with the Native Americans, but not settle the west
What changed these per ...
CA History
The document provides an overview of California history covering its four main geographic regions (desert, coast, valley, and mountain), early explorers like Sir Francis Drake and Juan Cabrillo, the establishment of Spanish missions and presidios, the influx of settlers during the Gold Rush era in the 1840s-1850s, and some key figures like Levi Strauss, Biddy Mason, and Helen Hunt Jackson. It also briefly discusses the Mexican-American War and California's transition from Mexican to American control in the mid-1800s.
Ca History
The document provides an overview of California history covering its four geographic regions (desert, coast, valley, and mountain), early explorers like Sir Francis Drake and Juan Cabrillo, the establishment of Spanish missions and presidios, the arrival of settlers during the Gold Rush era like Levi Strauss and Sam Brannan, and influential figures such as Helen Hunt Jackson who advocated for Native American rights. It also includes brief biographies of several pioneering individuals and a timeline of key events in California's development.
Similar to Utah (20)
c. 1850-1900Prior to the discovery of gold, much of
c. 1850-1900Prior to the discovery of gold, much of