Upper Rhine presentation

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This document summarizes a study on ecological enhancements of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain of Germany. The study looked at implementing flower strips and areas to support pollinator populations on farms. In 2011, different flower mixtures and bee nesting sites were added to experimental and control fields. Surveys found that while butterfly diversity did not increase, wild bee numbers and species utilizing the flower strips increased substantially. The strips provided important foraging resources. The results suggest that flower strips can effectively support local pollinator populations when floral diversity and early season resources are available. Ongoing work includes more detailed analysis and enhancing control fields for further comparison.

Technology

Ecological enhancement of agricultural
land in the Upper Rhine Plain

11. September 2012
Richard Bleil - Jessica Gelhausen - Dr. Rainer Oppermann
Arno Schanowski - Dr. Volker Späth

Supported by

Background

Germany:

16.8 Mio ha agricultural area

→ At least 1.75 Mio ha of crops that
profit from insect pollination

wikimedia

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 2

Ecological
enhancement measures
Flower strips and areas

Effect on
pollinators?

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 3

The project area

The farm in Rheinmünster:

Enhancement area

Control area

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 4

The project area
Crops in 2010

… in the planned enhancement area
Corn
Cereals
Fallow
Other

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 5

Sampling 2010
Determination of status quo
sweep-netting and observation on transects
grass ways and flower rich meadows / marginal structures
May - August
Wild bees

Butterflies

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 6

Ecological
enhancements in 2011
Tübinger Mischung
10 % Flower strips

Visselhöveder
Insektenparadies

MEKA 1

Kultur-Natur-blüht-auf

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 7

Ecological
enhancements in 2011
Bee banks and nesting aids

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 8

Sampling 2011

• Observation and sweep-netting on transects
• Focus on flower strips, June – August
• Observation of behaviour (foraging / egg deposition)
• Search for nests in bee banks

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 9

Results

Butterflies Rheinmünster Dettenheim
Total number of species (2010) 16 16
Species in flower strips (2011) 12 14

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 10

Results

Wild bees Rheinmünster Dettenheim
Species in flower strips 48 54
Total number of species 2010 55 58
Individuals in flower strips 4000 3992
Individuals 2010 234 244

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 11

Results

Butterflies
• No substancial increase in species richness

• Flower strips predominantly used for foraging

• Almost exclusively ubiquitous species

Inachis io Gonepteryx rhamni
Pieris rapae

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 12

Results
Wild bees
• No substancial increase in species richness

• Few rare species and specialists use the flower strips

• Enormously increased individual numbers

• Bee banks are used as nesting sites

Bombus lapidarius Bombus terrestris Oxybelus trispinosus

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 13

Conclusions

• Flower strips are intensively used and constitute effective
means of supporting local pollinator populations

• Floristic diversity and resource availability early in the year are
crucial for the promotion of faunal diversity / specialists

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 14

Prospect

• Diverse perennial mixtures have been chosen and sown
considering needs of endangered species

• Control areas will be examined in detail for comparation

• This year‘s data are being evaluated

Enhancement
area

Control area

Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain
11. Septemeber 2012 15

Thank you very much for
your attention
11. September 2012
Richard Bleil - Jessica Gelhausen - Dr. Rainer Oppermann
Arno Schanowski - Dr. Volker Späth

Supported by

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Upper Rhine presentation

1. Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. September 2012 Richard Bleil - Jessica Gelhausen - Dr. Rainer Oppermann Arno Schanowski - Dr. Volker Späth Supported by

2. Background Germany: 16.8 Mio ha agricultural area → At least 1.75 Mio ha of crops that profit from insect pollination wikimedia Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 2

3. Ecological enhancement measures Flower strips and areas Effect on pollinators? Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 3

4. The project area The farm in Rheinmünster: Enhancement area Control area Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 4

5. The project area Crops in 2010 … in the planned enhancement area Corn Cereals Fallow Other Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 5

6. Sampling 2010 Determination of status quo sweep-netting and observation on transects grass ways and flower rich meadows / marginal structures May - August Wild bees Butterflies Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 6

7. Ecological enhancements in 2011 Tübinger Mischung 10 % Flower strips Visselhöveder Insektenparadies MEKA 1 Kultur-Natur-blüht-auf Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 7

8. Ecological enhancements in 2011 Bee banks and nesting aids Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 8

9. Sampling 2011 • Observation and sweep-netting on transects • Focus on flower strips, June – August • Observation of behaviour (foraging / egg deposition) • Search for nests in bee banks Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 9

10. Results Butterflies Rheinmünster Dettenheim Total number of species (2010) 16 16 Species in flower strips (2011) 12 14 Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 10

11. Results Wild bees Rheinmünster Dettenheim Species in flower strips 48 54 Total number of species 2010 55 58 Individuals in flower strips 4000 3992 Individuals 2010 234 244 Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 11

12. Results Butterflies • No substancial increase in species richness • Flower strips predominantly used for foraging • Almost exclusively ubiquitous species Inachis io Gonepteryx rhamni Pieris rapae Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 12

13. Results Wild bees • No substancial increase in species richness • Few rare species and specialists use the flower strips • Enormously increased individual numbers • Bee banks are used as nesting sites Bombus lapidarius Bombus terrestris Oxybelus trispinosus Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 13

14. Conclusions • Flower strips are intensively used and constitute effective means of supporting local pollinator populations • Floristic diversity and resource availability early in the year are crucial for the promotion of faunal diversity / specialists Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 14

15. Prospect • Diverse perennial mixtures have been chosen and sown considering needs of endangered species • Control areas will be examined in detail for comparation • This year‘s data are being evaluated Enhancement area Control area Ecological enhancement of agricultural land in the Upper Rhine Plain 11. Septemeber 2012 15

16. Thank you very much for your attention 11. September 2012 Richard Bleil - Jessica Gelhausen - Dr. Rainer Oppermann Arno Schanowski - Dr. Volker Späth Supported by

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