A bar chart contains two data points. The first data point is 42 and the second data point is 76. The bar chart visually represents these two numerical values.
Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is one of the
most active in the current research field of multimedia retrieval.
It retrieves the images from the large databases based on images
feature like color, texture and shape. In this paper, Image
retrieval based on multi feature fusion is achieved by color and
texture features as well as the similarity measures are
investigated. The work of color feature extraction is obtained by
using Quadratic Distance and texture features by using Pyramid
Structure Wavelet Transforms and Gray level co-occurrence
matrix. We are comparing all these methods for best image
retrieval
Investment is defining as asset or item that is
purchased with the hope that it will generate income or
appreciate in the future. In an economic sense, an investment is
the purchase of goods that are not consumed today but are
used in the future to create with. In finance an investment is a
monetary asset purchased with the idea that the asset will
provide income in the future or appreciate and be sold at a
higher price. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the
impact of investment (public and private) on economic growth
in Sudan during the period 1999-2011. Date were collected
from central bureau of statistics. Using these data ordinary
least squares method was applied to the linear form of the
model. The obtained results showed that: investment has
positive impact on economic growth measured by nominal
gross domestic product, real gross domestic product and
growth rate of gross domestic product. This is similar to what
mentioned in economic theory.
— A CAPTCHA means "Completely Automated
Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart". It is a
type of challenge-response test used in computing to determine
whether or not the user is human. CaRP is both a Captcha and a
graphical password scheme. CaRP addresses a number of
security problems altogether, such as online guessing attacks,
relay attacks, and, if combined with dual-view technologies,
shoulder-surfing attacks. Particularly, a CaRP password can be
found only probabilistically by automatic online guessing attacks,
even if the password is in the search set. CaRP also offers an
approach to address the well-known image hotspot problem in
popular graphical password systems, such as PassPoints, which
often leads to weak password choices. Thus, a variant to the
login/password scheme, using graphical scheme was introduced.
But it also suffered due to shoulder-surfing and screen dump
attacks. Thus it introduces a framework to proposed (IPAS)
Implicit Password Authentication System, which is protected to
the common attacks suffered by other authentication schemes.
- This paper shows an approach for designing a
system which implement a microcontroller-based control module
that receives its instructions and commands from a cellular phone
over the GSM (Global system for mobile communication)
network. The microcontroller then will carry out the issued
commands and then communicate the status of a given appliance
or device back to the cellular phone.This device allows a user to
remotely control and monitor multiple home/office appliances
using a cellular phone. This system will be a powerful and flexible
tool that will offer this service at any time, and from anywhere
that has network coverage. Due to the fact that the combination
and sequential logic circuits have more components soldered
together, inflexible, more difficult to the user, and not
programmable, the 8951 micro controller was chosen because it
can be written to and read from and also has an internal memory
which makes it to be versatile in application and user
friendly. Apart from the micro controller, other electrical /
electronic components used include: resistors, filters, voltage
regulator, transformer, rectifiers, capacitors, DTMF (Dual Tone
Multi Frequency) Integrated circuit etc.
There has been a tremendous amount of
literature and discussion on retail formats and present concern
seems to be the viability of various formats, particularly in
the Indian context. Whereas the idea of retailing has caught
up the fancy of corporate investors including some of the big
names in the Indian corporate world, and many of them have
diversified, integrated and changed various operating
parameters with respect to improving the service efficiency and
quality, the main question remains as to the profitable
operating format, size and display characteristics.
Transferring and applying manufacturing principles and
practices to improve both service efficiency and service
quality is an important area of research in service operations.
Research work advances this stream of research by examining
the compatibility of operating efficiency and service quality.
Specifically, our research paper addresses the following
questions: Do operating efficiency and service quality have to be
traded off, or can they exist in unison (are they compatible)
What aspects of service quality have a stronger association
with operating efficiency? How synergies from a combination of
retail formats can be used to optimize profitability of retail
operations? Overall, our analyses suggest important strategic
decision-making implications for service operations managers
and provide novel insights for academic research.
Whereas the operating margins and profits have not given
any incentive for promoters to invest in organized retail
business, the Indian retailers have been on the lookout for a
successful formula for increasing margins and profits. The
future of Indian retailing will hinge on finding a suitable
answer by any means: Be it a joint venture or cooperative
effort; or an integrated effort with the participation of
multiple retailers under one roof and making use of synergies
and cost efficiencies to improve bottom lines – which
incidentally is the most important concern of organized retail
industry. The future of Indian retailing in the organized
formats is still a question mark; but as the industry goes through
the evolutionary process we need to wait and see what the
future holds for this upcoming industry as it is promising for
employment opportunity! Developments in social centric
marketing techniques and social networking will have a profound
influence
The abnormal condition of electrical activity of
the heart given by ECG (Electrocardiogram) shows the cardiac
diseases affecting the human being. The P, QRS, T wave shape,
amplitude and time intervals between its various peaks contains
useful information about the nature of disease.
This paper presents wavelet technique to analyze ECG signal.
Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is employed as noise
removal and feature extraction tool to achieve efficient design.
Daubechies wavelet of order 10 has been designed using Verilog
Hardware Description Language (HDL) and ModelSim Altera
6.4a is used as simulator. MIT-BIH database has been used for
the analysis
The current research was conducted to quantify
the heavy metals accumulation in vegetables imported from India
and compared with same vegetables collected from vegetable
market in Pakistan. Green chili, capsicum, tomato and ginger
were selected to analyze their heavy metal contents by atomic
absorption spectrophotometer. Samples were prepared by dry
ash method and wet digestion method to find out the efficient
method for heavy metals analysis. Maximum concentration of
heavy metals detected by dry ash method in Indian vegetables
were of Cu (0.34ppm) in capsicum, Cd (0.0ppm) in capsicum, Cr
(0.22ppm) in Ginger, Pb (0.22ppm) in ginger and Ni (0.14ppm) in
Ginger while in Pakistani vegetables, it were of Cu (0.62ppm) in
Tomato, Cd (0.04ppm) in Capsicum, Cr (0.17ppm) in Tomato, Pb
(0.36ppm) in Ginger. Heavy metal contents determined by wet
digestion method were of Cu (0.57ppm) in Ginger, Cd (0.01ppm)
in capsicum, Cr (0.17ppm) in Ginger, Pb (0.27ppm) in capsicum
while in Pakistani vegetables these were of Cu (0.19ppm) in
Ginger, Cd (0.04ppm) in green chili, Cr (0.09ppm) in Tomato, Pb
(0.25ppm) in Ginger. It was found that the concentrations of
these heavy metals in vegetables of both the countries were within
WHO/FAO permissible limits so at present these are not
hazardous but long term use of these vegetables can magnify
heavy metals contents in human body. For statistical analysis two
factor ANOVA was run, which indicated that almost all the
vegetables had accumulated heavy metals but there was a
difference in the uptake of Indian and Pakistani vegetables.
In the present paper, applicability and
capability of A.I techniques for effort estimation prediction has
been investigated. It is seen that neuro fuzzy models are very
robust, characterized by fast computation, capable of handling
the distorted data. Due to the presence of data non-linearity, it is
an efficient quantitative tool to predict effort estimation. The one
hidden layer network has been developed named as OHLANFIS
using MATLAB simulation environment.
Here the initial parameters of the OHLANFIS are
identified using the subtractive clustering method. Parameters of
the Gaussian membership function are optimally determined
using the hybrid learning algorithm. From the analysis it is seen
that the Effort Estimation prediction model developed using
OHLANFIS technique has been able to perform well over normal
ANFIS Model.
This study aimed to assess the nature of stress, and
coping styles among rural and urban adolescents. Methods: 200
students in 10+2 and graduation first year of both genders in the
age range of 16-19 years were assessed with the Adolescent Stress
Scale, and a self-report coping scale. Results: The Result of
present study reveals that in both environmental settings male
reported more stress than their counterparts girls, however, to
utilize coping strategies female adolescents are in higher in
number than male adolescents. Conclusions: It is important for
research to examine how adolescents suffering from typical
stressors such as school examination, family conflict and poor
peer relations. Social support is likely one of the most important
resources in their coping process.
Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is one of the
most active in the current research field of multimedia retrieval.
It retrieves the images from the large databases based on images
feature like color, texture and shape. In this paper, Image
retrieval based on multi feature fusion is achieved by color and
texture features as well as the similarity measures are
investigated. The work of color feature extraction is obtained by
using Quadratic Distance and texture features by using Pyramid
Structure Wavelet Transforms and Gray level co-occurrence
matrix. We are comparing all these methods for best image
retrieval
Investment is defining as asset or item that is
purchased with the hope that it will generate income or
appreciate in the future. In an economic sense, an investment is
the purchase of goods that are not consumed today but are
used in the future to create with. In finance an investment is a
monetary asset purchased with the idea that the asset will
provide income in the future or appreciate and be sold at a
higher price. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the
impact of investment (public and private) on economic growth
in Sudan during the period 1999-2011. Date were collected
from central bureau of statistics. Using these data ordinary
least squares method was applied to the linear form of the
model. The obtained results showed that: investment has
positive impact on economic growth measured by nominal
gross domestic product, real gross domestic product and
growth rate of gross domestic product. This is similar to what
mentioned in economic theory.
— A CAPTCHA means "Completely Automated
Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart". It is a
type of challenge-response test used in computing to determine
whether or not the user is human. CaRP is both a Captcha and a
graphical password scheme. CaRP addresses a number of
security problems altogether, such as online guessing attacks,
relay attacks, and, if combined with dual-view technologies,
shoulder-surfing attacks. Particularly, a CaRP password can be
found only probabilistically by automatic online guessing attacks,
even if the password is in the search set. CaRP also offers an
approach to address the well-known image hotspot problem in
popular graphical password systems, such as PassPoints, which
often leads to weak password choices. Thus, a variant to the
login/password scheme, using graphical scheme was introduced.
But it also suffered due to shoulder-surfing and screen dump
attacks. Thus it introduces a framework to proposed (IPAS)
Implicit Password Authentication System, which is protected to
the common attacks suffered by other authentication schemes.
- This paper shows an approach for designing a
system which implement a microcontroller-based control module
that receives its instructions and commands from a cellular phone
over the GSM (Global system for mobile communication)
network. The microcontroller then will carry out the issued
commands and then communicate the status of a given appliance
or device back to the cellular phone.This device allows a user to
remotely control and monitor multiple home/office appliances
using a cellular phone. This system will be a powerful and flexible
tool that will offer this service at any time, and from anywhere
that has network coverage. Due to the fact that the combination
and sequential logic circuits have more components soldered
together, inflexible, more difficult to the user, and not
programmable, the 8951 micro controller was chosen because it
can be written to and read from and also has an internal memory
which makes it to be versatile in application and user
friendly. Apart from the micro controller, other electrical /
electronic components used include: resistors, filters, voltage
regulator, transformer, rectifiers, capacitors, DTMF (Dual Tone
Multi Frequency) Integrated circuit etc.
There has been a tremendous amount of
literature and discussion on retail formats and present concern
seems to be the viability of various formats, particularly in
the Indian context. Whereas the idea of retailing has caught
up the fancy of corporate investors including some of the big
names in the Indian corporate world, and many of them have
diversified, integrated and changed various operating
parameters with respect to improving the service efficiency and
quality, the main question remains as to the profitable
operating format, size and display characteristics.
Transferring and applying manufacturing principles and
practices to improve both service efficiency and service
quality is an important area of research in service operations.
Research work advances this stream of research by examining
the compatibility of operating efficiency and service quality.
Specifically, our research paper addresses the following
questions: Do operating efficiency and service quality have to be
traded off, or can they exist in unison (are they compatible)
What aspects of service quality have a stronger association
with operating efficiency? How synergies from a combination of
retail formats can be used to optimize profitability of retail
operations? Overall, our analyses suggest important strategic
decision-making implications for service operations managers
and provide novel insights for academic research.
Whereas the operating margins and profits have not given
any incentive for promoters to invest in organized retail
business, the Indian retailers have been on the lookout for a
successful formula for increasing margins and profits. The
future of Indian retailing will hinge on finding a suitable
answer by any means: Be it a joint venture or cooperative
effort; or an integrated effort with the participation of
multiple retailers under one roof and making use of synergies
and cost efficiencies to improve bottom lines – which
incidentally is the most important concern of organized retail
industry. The future of Indian retailing in the organized
formats is still a question mark; but as the industry goes through
the evolutionary process we need to wait and see what the
future holds for this upcoming industry as it is promising for
employment opportunity! Developments in social centric
marketing techniques and social networking will have a profound
influence
The abnormal condition of electrical activity of
the heart given by ECG (Electrocardiogram) shows the cardiac
diseases affecting the human being. The P, QRS, T wave shape,
amplitude and time intervals between its various peaks contains
useful information about the nature of disease.
This paper presents wavelet technique to analyze ECG signal.
Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is employed as noise
removal and feature extraction tool to achieve efficient design.
Daubechies wavelet of order 10 has been designed using Verilog
Hardware Description Language (HDL) and ModelSim Altera
6.4a is used as simulator. MIT-BIH database has been used for
the analysis
The current research was conducted to quantify
the heavy metals accumulation in vegetables imported from India
and compared with same vegetables collected from vegetable
market in Pakistan. Green chili, capsicum, tomato and ginger
were selected to analyze their heavy metal contents by atomic
absorption spectrophotometer. Samples were prepared by dry
ash method and wet digestion method to find out the efficient
method for heavy metals analysis. Maximum concentration of
heavy metals detected by dry ash method in Indian vegetables
were of Cu (0.34ppm) in capsicum, Cd (0.0ppm) in capsicum, Cr
(0.22ppm) in Ginger, Pb (0.22ppm) in ginger and Ni (0.14ppm) in
Ginger while in Pakistani vegetables, it were of Cu (0.62ppm) in
Tomato, Cd (0.04ppm) in Capsicum, Cr (0.17ppm) in Tomato, Pb
(0.36ppm) in Ginger. Heavy metal contents determined by wet
digestion method were of Cu (0.57ppm) in Ginger, Cd (0.01ppm)
in capsicum, Cr (0.17ppm) in Ginger, Pb (0.27ppm) in capsicum
while in Pakistani vegetables these were of Cu (0.19ppm) in
Ginger, Cd (0.04ppm) in green chili, Cr (0.09ppm) in Tomato, Pb
(0.25ppm) in Ginger. It was found that the concentrations of
these heavy metals in vegetables of both the countries were within
WHO/FAO permissible limits so at present these are not
hazardous but long term use of these vegetables can magnify
heavy metals contents in human body. For statistical analysis two
factor ANOVA was run, which indicated that almost all the
vegetables had accumulated heavy metals but there was a
difference in the uptake of Indian and Pakistani vegetables.
In the present paper, applicability and
capability of A.I techniques for effort estimation prediction has
been investigated. It is seen that neuro fuzzy models are very
robust, characterized by fast computation, capable of handling
the distorted data. Due to the presence of data non-linearity, it is
an efficient quantitative tool to predict effort estimation. The one
hidden layer network has been developed named as OHLANFIS
using MATLAB simulation environment.
Here the initial parameters of the OHLANFIS are
identified using the subtractive clustering method. Parameters of
the Gaussian membership function are optimally determined
using the hybrid learning algorithm. From the analysis it is seen
that the Effort Estimation prediction model developed using
OHLANFIS technique has been able to perform well over normal
ANFIS Model.
This study aimed to assess the nature of stress, and
coping styles among rural and urban adolescents. Methods: 200
students in 10+2 and graduation first year of both genders in the
age range of 16-19 years were assessed with the Adolescent Stress
Scale, and a self-report coping scale. Results: The Result of
present study reveals that in both environmental settings male
reported more stress than their counterparts girls, however, to
utilize coping strategies female adolescents are in higher in
number than male adolescents. Conclusions: It is important for
research to examine how adolescents suffering from typical
stressors such as school examination, family conflict and poor
peer relations. Social support is likely one of the most important
resources in their coping process.