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1. TYPES OF
DOCUMENTARIES

2. THE MAFIA WITH TREVOR
MCDONALD

3. Camerawork
There are different types of camerawork used in this documentary that show different angles and meanings of how
the mafia are represented. However, the most common forms are close ups, mid shots and flash backs. The
particular episode that I watched did this to show the life story of the characters. The use of close ups was mainly
to focus in on the characters facial features. This is because the documentary was based on crime and violence it
shown the effects to this. The use of flash backs represented video evidence of real life events that happened when
these people were part of the gangs and it shows the audience the reality of this and how serious and dangerous
being part of the mafia was.
Mise en scene
Throughout the documentary the way that people are dressed represent there status’ in the mafia. Besides this,
Trevor McDonald, who is the presenter is dressed formally in a suit which shows he is a powerful figure in this
documentary. The first guy that he meets, John Alite, is dressed more casually in a tracksuit which suggests he
was low down in the mafia and is in everyday clothing. Whereas, Mikey was dressed in suit which shows that he
was high up in rank of the crime family he was part of.
Editing
The most common form of editing at the start, used in this documentary is long takes. This is important in crime
documentaries because there are normally certain places that represent the genre. This is used through the
establishing shots which shows the area of the people Trevor interviews. Also, the use of handheld camera is
important because it shows that they are being followed and it shows them two walking together and talking
which gives a real life perspective.
Sound
There is music at the start of the clip which sets the scene for the type of genre the documentary is going to be
about. This is because the sound is slow and can be seen as quite dark. This shows that the documentary is going
to be an eye-opener which is presented well. Throughout the documentary there are voiceovers throughout. This is
very important for documentaries because it helps explain the different processes that are taking place in the
documentary. In this documentary they are mostly used to commentate on the flashbacks to explain what
happened.

4. The target audience for this documentary would be mature adults. This is because
the documentary involves some serious scenes. This is because the documentary is
based on crime which suggest there will be some gruesome scenes in the programme
which would not suit younger audiences. However, this could also be suited to older
teenagers. This is because this documentary is about the mafia at its prime. It
focused in on previous events and this could be informative to teenagers, because
they may want to know more about the mafia because it was an intriguing subject.
The documentary helps to portray a message of how life was in the mafia. This is
done by interviewing different members of different gangs who all had different
positions and showed what there life was like. Its shows that the mafia was a
dangerous place and there could be serious consequences taken if the mafia was
betrayed and let down. Also, the documentary shows the life of the most famous
organised crime network. This is informative to people who were unaware. This
shows views of those who were actually part of this and what it was like to be in the
mafia.
The institution that created this was ITV. They are a widely known UK television
channel. There is quite a few documentaries released by ITV that are mostly factual
ones. This is released by having the documentary aired at a certain time, dependent
on the type of documentary, on British television and can be watched by the public.
ITV also have a catch up website that people can go on and watch the documentary if
they missed it.

5. THE MAKING OF RONALDO

6. Camerawork
A use of camerawork that is shown is two shot. This is used when there are two people sitting down talking
about Ronaldo. This is used to show similarity between the two people, they clearly know each other and are
being interviewed together to show this. Also, a common camera shot used throughout the documentary is a
mid shot. This is because there are mostly interviews in this documentary so it shows a shot of one person
being interviewed.
Mise en scene
The Mise en scene is mostly costume and props. This is because the documentary is based on a footballers carer
and life and therefore the kit that he wears is focused on and then what the interviewee’s wear is important
also. It is clearly visible who the documentary is about due to the amount of flashbacks. There is a lot of
flashbacks that show him playing football at a young age and then when he is playing professionally. The
interviewees are known to Ronaldo and some wear suits and others wear tracksuits. This is because it shows
which were old teammates and who were coaches or are part of his managing staff.
Editing
There is one main editing technique used in this documentary which is cutaway. This is used a lot when it
shows the flashbacks of Ronaldo in his football career. This is used to demonstrate further what the
interviewees are talking about. This is because they are talking about his career. One person is talking about
him as a youngster and how he was better than everyone else, then it cuts to him playing as a youngster and
celebrating a goal. Also, another editing technique used was the fade. I found that this was used to separate
different parts of his story. For example, the fade would be shown when they ended talking about his early life
and then they were talking about him in the academy.
Sound
I found that the voiceover was the most common part. This was because he was the one explaining the story,
because there were people being interviewed about their story of Ronaldo but the voiceover would explain
further and then talk about the next important scene in the documentary. Another use of sound was non
diegetic. I found that this was used mostly over the interviewees when they were talking. One example was
when Nelio Cardoso was talking about his own son doing the same as Ronaldo, which was leaving their families
behind to go to play football quite a far distance from where they lived. The sound of a piano was to show the
sad atmosphere and how it was a hard decision.

7. This documentary is targeted towards football fans. This is because this
documentary is based on the life of the footballer Cristiano Ronaldo. Therefore the
most common audience for this documentary is football fans and fans of him and his
work. This is because the documentary goes through key aspects of his life in the
more recent years so it is quite informative and gives a perspective of his life from
him himself. Also, this is appealing to the target audience because he is a very
popular player and is popular outside the football world, therefore he attracts more
crowds which would lead to bigger audiences.
The main message behind the story is how he came from being an ordinary person
to the best footballer in the world. This is because it shows him growing up and
what he came from and then what he has turned into. It is his life story shortened
into a documentary. It uses interviews with past players and coaches to give their
opinions and what it was like to play with or coach him. Also, there is voiceover
which describes his story as it goes along.
The institution that released the documentary was Sky Sports. Even though this is
a big sports industry they released it as a documentary on their channel to get
wider audiences to watch it because it is a big and popular channel. They are mostly
a sports channel that have live sports on their channel but when there is not live
sports on they show repeats and then other documentaries. Other released on this
channel are: The Ryder Cup, Americas Game and Football’s Greatest.

8. NATURE/WILDLIFE:
BEAR GRYLLS – MAN VS WILD

9. Camerawork
Then most common for of camerawork in this type of documentary is handheld, and this is shown in this documentary.
This is because the documentary is based on an adventure into the wild with Bear which means he is being followed
around. Therefore, the handheld camera is the best suited because it gives a perspective of what type of are he is
exploring. Another type of camerawork used throughout the documentary was the use of aerial shots. This was used to
demonstrate the surroundings Bear was facing. Also, it is done to show the severity of what Bear has to go through
throughout the documentary, it shows the difficult conditions which exaggerate the challenge he is facing.
Mise en scene
The main focus on this documentary was Bear Grylls. This was because the purpose was to see how he faces while tested
in certain situations and different environments. Therefore the way that Bear was dressed didn’t really matter. This is
because he was dressed quite casually so that he would be comfortable when walking and climbing through the forest. He
wore hiking boots which were essential so that he could get good grip and comfort whilst walking for long periods of time
on unstable flooring. Bear also had a backpack with him throughout the video. This was so that he could pack necessities
for survival with him like a bottle and a knife.
Editing
An editing technique that I found quite common in this documentary was the use of eyeline match. This was done a lot
because throughout, Bear was talking to the camera and discussing ways of survival and things he spotted. This was
shown when he talks about climbing down to a ledge so that he can descend further, the camera then went straight to the
ledge to show what he was talking about. This is done to overstress and explain further what he is talking about.
Sound
The most common form of sound used was mainly voiceover's. This was used to describe key points of the documentary
and challenges Bear was facing. This was done in two ways, there was a voiceover over the documentary and there was
Bear who was in the wild talking to the camera also. This was good because it gave viewers a look into how he is coping
and he describes what is going on. there were other forms of sound used like: incidental sound, ambient sounds and
diegetic sound. The incidental sound was used to link with the action that was taking place at the current time to stress
the atmosphere and situation.

10. This documentary is an observational mode. It is based on an adventure into the wild
and how Bear Grylls survives a period of time living there. This is done to give
viewers a sight into a completely different habitat to see how to survive and what to
do in those circumstances.
The target audience that this documentary is more aimed towards is people who like
going outdoors, adventurous people. There is no specific male or female. This is
because this is a survival documentary so people who are interested in survival and
living in the wild will be most attracted to this documentary. Also, it gives tips and
techniques of living in the wild that could help someone if they wanted to try the
same thing.
The main message that this documentary is portraying is how to live in the wild.
Bear Grylls has numerous documentaries out about different places and
environments where he goes and explains how to live there. He is trying to show
people tips and methods on how to live in the wild and how to survive if you are in
that situation.
The institution that created this documentary is the Discovery channel. This is the
most suited channel to release this documentary because there are similar
documentaries to this on the channel. Other documentaries include: The Falklands
War, World War Two: The Final Hours and Surviving the Kill Zone.

11. HUMAN BEHAVIOUR:
EDUCATING YORKSHIRE

12. Camerawork
There were different camera angles used for the documentary but the majority was a high angle shot. This
was because there were cameras fitted into the classrooms, corridors everywhere so that everything is seen.
This is good because it shows a wide shot of the room and shows mostly everyone in shot. This was shown
when two pupils got sent into the headmasters office and the shot was quite high which you could then see
everyone's reaction to the event. Another common camera technique used was over the shoulder shot. This
was mainly for interaction between the pupil and the teacher. This shows one side of the conversation whilst
the other part is speaking which showed their reaction.
Mise en scene
The separation between the pupils and teachers was evident. This was because the pupils were all in
uniform which showed they belonged to the school and that they were pupils. Whereas the teachers were all
dressed formally. This was to show who was in charge and the difference between the children and teachers.
Also, the audience could easily tell that the rooms were classrooms because of the way they were set out.
There were tables with chairs and the walls were decorated with school work which looked good.
Editing
A form of editing that was used in this documentary was shot reverse shot. This was used through the
conversations with the pupils and the teachers. This is good because it show the two people in the
conversation. This is shown when they are in the headmasters office and they are both speaking to each
other and the camera shows both people when they are each speaking.
Sound
The different sound techniques used showed mostly conversations between teachers and pupils. The use of
direct address showed this by when they were talking to the camera for the interviews. This shows
interaction with the audience and you can tell it is an interview which is good. Also, another technique used
was ambient sound. This was to show the atmosphere in a school. This showed the bell ringing and children
shouting and talking which is all part of school life which the documentary was trying to portray.

13. This documentary is an interactive documentary. This is because it is about a school and
how they are in every day. Also, they are interviewed by a speaker who is not shown and is
not heard by an audience. This is common in interactive documentaries because the
interviewer is not shown because they are not so important, the main focus is on those
who are being interviewed.
The target audience for this documentary would be aimed towards school children, even
though this is of school children it is intriguing to watch from a school children's point of
view because you can relate to it. Also, it is to show a view of what everyday life would be
like in that school. This gives different perspectives of different people in the school like
the headmaster or pupil or a teacher. It relates to the audience because some things that
happen in the documentary could happen to them.
The message in this documentary is to show the life of teachers but more about the school
children. This is to show how they act in the class and what struggles and successes that
are mixed into school life. Also, it shows how the teachers play a role into his to help the
children.
The institution that created this documentary was channel 4. They have also produced
another school documentary that is similar to this called educating Essex. The Yorkshire
one is a sequel to the Essex one because of the success of the first one. This was released
first in September 2013 and then followed the whole school year.

14. REALITY TV:
LOUIS THEROUX AND THE
NAZIS

15. Camerawork
An example of camerawork used in this documentary is tracking shot. This is because Louis is the
one of the main focus points in the documentary and he needs to be shown throughout. This is why
this camera angle is good because it shows Louis’ journey and where he is going. This helps engage
with the audience because it feels like you are there with them along the journey. An establishing
shot was used a few times to set the scene for when Louis went to different places during the
documentary. This is good because it shows the area that is being described by the narrator. Also, the
use of two shot is very common because Louis travels with Tom and his family and the camera shows
them together. This is shown when they are in the car and it shows Louis with Tom’s wife.
Mise en scene
The mise en scene used in this shows the surroundings that they are in. This shows that what they
are going into before the video shows what they are doing. The common message shows racism to
play a key part and this is shown further. This is shown when it shows the woman and her daughter
in the garage and there is a Nazi flag in the background. This shows that they are followers of Nazi's
which can be considered racist especially in the placer that they live in. also there is shown to be
Editing
The editing techniques used in this documentary a lot is shot reverse shot. This is because the
documentary follows Louis around California where he is talking to Tom and his family. This is
where Louis has interviews with different people and they are having a conversation together and
the camera shows everyone in the conversation’s facial expression and how they react to when Louis
is asking them questions. There is a lot of continuity used in the documentary. This is showing long
takes of different scenes which is uncut and is all natural.
Sound
There is the use of voiceover in the documentary but the person who is doing the voiceover is also
shown in the documentary throughout. Louis is doing the voiceover and is involved throughout the
documentary because he is the one that is going round following Tom.

16. This documentary is a narrative documentary about the travels of Louis to California to meet “the
most racist man in America” who is Tom Metzger. The documentary goes through Tom’s lifestyle
and how he is living a day to day life. Louis follows him round and meets his family and sees what
it is like to live like them. This documentary can also be classed as a reflective and expository
documentary. This is because he is frequently in front of the camera and is talking which reflects
the narrative side. As well as expository because he is showing the audience what Nazi’s are like
and who they are.
The target audience for this documentary would be aimed towards people that are interested in
history. This is because the documentary takes the audience through a journey showing the man
who is known as the most racist person in America. This shows the time in 2003 where his views
seemed sinister and disturbing which caused controversy in America. Therefore this topic is good
for people that want to research into Nazi's and the history of what someone's opinion of them
was.
The message this documentary is showing is how the man was displayed in the time of conflict
and how he is being portrayed. This is why his family is being followed around which shows his
day to day life and what he gets up to. The message shows that there is still Nazi groups around
and what they do to follow on the message.
The institution that created this documentary is BBC. BBC is a public service broadcaster which
is the worlds oldest broadcaster and is the biggest employed broadcasting organisation. It
broadcasts in 28 different languages. The documentary was released on the 21st December 2003
in the UK and shown five years later in Australia.