This document summarizes a study on how changes at the manufacturing plant level can affect other plants within a manufacturing network. The researchers investigated three companies in Denmark to understand how the evolution of one plant impacts others. They found that as products and processes were transferred between plants over time, the strategic roles of both the transferring and receiving plants changed simultaneously. They concluded that plant evolutions are interdependent, and can lead to transformations in the overall configuration of a company's manufacturing network.
The web has changed a lot in the last 15 years, from simple calling cards and poster-like design into a massive ecosystem full of dynamic information and personalization - but I feel most companies are not aware enough, at least not yet.
The Sucking Manifesto (http://thesuckingmanifesto.com) is a book by Steve Jackson and Markus Sandelin designed to explain the problems of people and analytics, trying to come up with a scientific solution through understandable/entertaining examples. Read the book online for free!
Why processes rule and how to make them betterMarkus Sandelin
Comments are highly appreciated! My view on processes, their design and the general pitfalls of processes in corporate environments. As an example, I added my view on how recruiting processes should work, which is a work in progress.
The web has changed a lot in the last 15 years, from simple calling cards and poster-like design into a massive ecosystem full of dynamic information and personalization - but I feel most companies are not aware enough, at least not yet.
The Sucking Manifesto (http://thesuckingmanifesto.com) is a book by Steve Jackson and Markus Sandelin designed to explain the problems of people and analytics, trying to come up with a scientific solution through understandable/entertaining examples. Read the book online for free!
Why processes rule and how to make them betterMarkus Sandelin
Comments are highly appreciated! My view on processes, their design and the general pitfalls of processes in corporate environments. As an example, I added my view on how recruiting processes should work, which is a work in progress.
DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION OF ONTOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEM FO...IJDKP
Dynamism and uncertainty are genuine threats for current high technology organisations. Capability to change is the crux of sustainability of current large organisations. Modern manufacturing philosophies, including agile and lean, are not enough to be competitive in global market therefore a new emerging paradigm i.e. reconfigurable manufacturing systems is fast emerging to complement the application of lean
and agile manufacturing systems. Product, Process and Resource (PPR) are the core areas in an engineering domain of a manufacturing enterprise which are tightly coupled with each other. Change in one (usually product) affects the others therefore engineering change management activity has to tackle
PPR change effects. Current software applications do not provide an unequivocal infrastructure where PPR can be explicitly related. It follows that reconfigurable techniques can be further complemented with the help of knowledge based systems to design, engineer, manufacture, commission and change existing processes and resources against changed products.
This paper examines, through the use of plant-level data, whether R&D’s productivity impact is contingent on the distance of a plant’s productivity from the industry’s technological frontier. R&D is specified as an accumulated stock from R&D investments. We analyse the productivity effect of a plant’s own R&D as well as the productivity impact of the plant’s parent firm’s and other firms’ proximity-weighted R&D stocks. The results show that a plant’s own and a parent firm’s R&D have a positive productivity impact and that the former impact decreases as the distance from the industry’s technological frontier increases. Furthermore, the productivity effect of other firms’ proximity-weighted R&D is, on average, positive, but this impact increases in the distance from the technological frontier. Another important finding is that all the plants tend to converge towards the industry’s technological frontier despite the size of external R&D spillovers.
In the paper, structural change in the Finnish manufacturing industries is studied by means of the theory of the aggregation of production functions and longitudinal plant-level data for the period from 1980 until 2005. The nature of structural change in twelve industries is characterised by examination of the invariance of the aggregate production functions over time. Aggregate production functions need not be estimated because, according to the theory of the aggregation of production functions, the invariance can be analysed by the investigation of the stability of the capacity density functions which describe the distribution of value added in the industries. Even though the shapes of aggregate production functions alter over time in most industries, there are differences in timing and in the degree of turbulence across industries. The analysis confirms the result obtained earlier that in some industries, for example in the paper industry, the late 1980s marked the beginning of a period of relatively strong structural change. The food industry and the manufacture of communications equipment are examples of industries in which the 1990s was a period of turbulence.
Leveraging Manufacturing Data to Boost Semiconductor Reliability and Yield.pptxyieldWerx Semiconductor
The semiconductor manufacturing industry has been the cornerstone of modern technology, enabling the digital transformation of various sectors. Today, the industry stands at a crossroads where increasing complexity in chip designs, rising demands for performance and power efficiency, and shrinking feature sizes are leading to higher production costs and challenging the paradigms of semiconductor data manufacturing. Central to overcoming these challenges is the critical role of data — an essential asset that could drive process optimization, quality control, and cost efficiency in the production line. The task at hand for semiconductor industries is to harness and interpret the enormous volume of data being generated throughout various manufacturing stages to improve yield and reliability.
Selection of a reconfigurable assembly systems strategy using fuzzy multi cri...Abinash Jena
The current fluctuating market context characterized and governed by the demands of the customers through producing high varieties of products along with different volumes within a short period of time. Thus, the production systems, its assembly line, its inspection should be designed and function so as to cope up with the variable demand and also to corroborate in the marketplace worldwide. The challenges of global competition require the launch of products with a short life-cycle with a high point of personalization as per the demand of the client. For this regard, the manufacturing industries which are bringing about different types of products should adapt a new assembly system design that could be capable of handling variations in demand and functionality. Therefore, a novel case of assembly system that is Reconfigurable Assembly Systems (RAS), should be thought of as a potential solution. Reconfigurable assembly system are those types of assembly systems which can rapidly change their capacity that is the volumes that are assembled and functionality that is variation in the product type, within a product family. It can adapt and handle the fluctuations and uncertainty in market demand in the most efficient way. It has the characteristics of customization, convertibility, diagnosability and scalability. Many researchers have worked in determining the optimum system configuration for RAS, optimal configuration design of the constituent modules of RAS, optimizing the costs during convertibility, scalability, change over time, and some fuzzy applications, line balancing technique etc.
In the present work, an Industrial case study is considered for exploring the various assembling alternatives including RAS and select the optimum strategy using a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Tool. The importance of criteria will be identified with the help of expert’s opinion for the existing assembly system and also suggest some alternatives for the long term planning horizon. The experts will also give the rating of each criterion and for each identified alternative assembly strategy. By applying a suitable MCDM tool like VIKOR or TOPSIS in a Fuzzy environment, the strategic decision will be evaluated and the alternatives will be ranked accordingly.
Achieving Agility Using Cladistics: An Evolutionary AnalysisIan McCarthy
To achieve the status of an agile manufacturer, organisations need to clearly understand the concept of agility, relative to their industrial and business circumstances and to then identify and acquire the appropriate characteristics which will result in an agile manufacturing organisation. This paper is not simply another discussion on the definition of agility, or a philosophical debate on the drivers and characteristics of agility. This paper presents an evolutionary modelling technique (cladistics) which could enable organisations to systematically manage and understand the emergence of new manufacturing forms within their business environment. This fundamental, but important insight is valuable for achieving successful organisational design and change. Thus, regardless of the industrial sector, managers could use cladistics as an evolutionary analysis technique for determining ``where they have been and where they are now''. Moving from a non-agile manufacture to an agile manufacture is a process of organisational change and evolutionary development. This evolutionary method will enable organisations to understand the landscape of manufacturing possibilities that exist, to identify appropriate agile forms and to successfully navigate that landscape.
Running head SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT .docxtodd521
Running head: SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 6
Supply Chain Management
Students Name:
Institution Affiliation:
Supply Chain Management: Improving Process Efficiency and Effectiveness
Introduction
Companies are now supporting their supply chain strategies with the focus on being in driving transformation and realizing true competitive advantage. A company’s supply chain is supposed to be robust enough to enable it withstand the changing local, environmental, and social demands while remaining agile enough to enable it react to market shifts. In today’s environment, business managers are demanding more from their changing supply chains with their focus on competitive advantage. Such changes in expectations force supply chain leaders to focus more on the whole value chain. The trends involved in improving process efficiency and effectiveness in supply chain management include:
Improving strategic decision-making processes
The many decision-making agents together along with supply chain means that understanding and evaluating the dynamic behavior is very important. Application of a generic approach to modeling the supply chain dynamics is essential in the distribution processes (Gattorna, 2010). Both the physical processes which include primary and secondary manufacturing warehousing and distribution and the business processes should be modeled. The focus is how decisions are made at different nodes of the supply chain, who makes them, what methods or tools are used, among other factors (Coyle, Langley, Gibson, Novack & Bardi, 2013). The main aim of such an approach should be to replicate and integrate the behavior of supply chain in software. The logic or system of software tools used in decision-making at different nodes and systems are replicated in the simulation tool. Such an approach creates a non-invasive improvement in the operations of supply chain. These improvements are enhanced through changes in different parameters such as safety shocks or various business processes such as relationships between agents.
The current nature of process technology should incorporate agile equipment’s to shorten the process cycle times by a degree of magnitude and require little time for changeover (Chopra & Meindl, 2007). Such a move would avoid long processes and operations and lead to more responsive supply chain. The underlying operations will be triggered to change with the focus shifting to designing processes that will operate at intrinsic rates and not being limited by tools or equipment performance of traditional equipment’s. Processes and operations should be designed with greater emphasis on mechanistic understanding and be controlled tightly if significant reductions in the quality control activities are to be realized (Bowersox, Closs & Cooper, 2013). Development of integrated models of life-cycle retrieved from discovery consumption greatly facilitates strategic decisi.
DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION OF ONTOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEM FO...IJDKP
Dynamism and uncertainty are genuine threats for current high technology organisations. Capability to change is the crux of sustainability of current large organisations. Modern manufacturing philosophies, including agile and lean, are not enough to be competitive in global market therefore a new emerging paradigm i.e. reconfigurable manufacturing systems is fast emerging to complement the application of lean
and agile manufacturing systems. Product, Process and Resource (PPR) are the core areas in an engineering domain of a manufacturing enterprise which are tightly coupled with each other. Change in one (usually product) affects the others therefore engineering change management activity has to tackle
PPR change effects. Current software applications do not provide an unequivocal infrastructure where PPR can be explicitly related. It follows that reconfigurable techniques can be further complemented with the help of knowledge based systems to design, engineer, manufacture, commission and change existing processes and resources against changed products.
This paper examines, through the use of plant-level data, whether R&D’s productivity impact is contingent on the distance of a plant’s productivity from the industry’s technological frontier. R&D is specified as an accumulated stock from R&D investments. We analyse the productivity effect of a plant’s own R&D as well as the productivity impact of the plant’s parent firm’s and other firms’ proximity-weighted R&D stocks. The results show that a plant’s own and a parent firm’s R&D have a positive productivity impact and that the former impact decreases as the distance from the industry’s technological frontier increases. Furthermore, the productivity effect of other firms’ proximity-weighted R&D is, on average, positive, but this impact increases in the distance from the technological frontier. Another important finding is that all the plants tend to converge towards the industry’s technological frontier despite the size of external R&D spillovers.
In the paper, structural change in the Finnish manufacturing industries is studied by means of the theory of the aggregation of production functions and longitudinal plant-level data for the period from 1980 until 2005. The nature of structural change in twelve industries is characterised by examination of the invariance of the aggregate production functions over time. Aggregate production functions need not be estimated because, according to the theory of the aggregation of production functions, the invariance can be analysed by the investigation of the stability of the capacity density functions which describe the distribution of value added in the industries. Even though the shapes of aggregate production functions alter over time in most industries, there are differences in timing and in the degree of turbulence across industries. The analysis confirms the result obtained earlier that in some industries, for example in the paper industry, the late 1980s marked the beginning of a period of relatively strong structural change. The food industry and the manufacture of communications equipment are examples of industries in which the 1990s was a period of turbulence.
Leveraging Manufacturing Data to Boost Semiconductor Reliability and Yield.pptxyieldWerx Semiconductor
The semiconductor manufacturing industry has been the cornerstone of modern technology, enabling the digital transformation of various sectors. Today, the industry stands at a crossroads where increasing complexity in chip designs, rising demands for performance and power efficiency, and shrinking feature sizes are leading to higher production costs and challenging the paradigms of semiconductor data manufacturing. Central to overcoming these challenges is the critical role of data — an essential asset that could drive process optimization, quality control, and cost efficiency in the production line. The task at hand for semiconductor industries is to harness and interpret the enormous volume of data being generated throughout various manufacturing stages to improve yield and reliability.
Selection of a reconfigurable assembly systems strategy using fuzzy multi cri...Abinash Jena
The current fluctuating market context characterized and governed by the demands of the customers through producing high varieties of products along with different volumes within a short period of time. Thus, the production systems, its assembly line, its inspection should be designed and function so as to cope up with the variable demand and also to corroborate in the marketplace worldwide. The challenges of global competition require the launch of products with a short life-cycle with a high point of personalization as per the demand of the client. For this regard, the manufacturing industries which are bringing about different types of products should adapt a new assembly system design that could be capable of handling variations in demand and functionality. Therefore, a novel case of assembly system that is Reconfigurable Assembly Systems (RAS), should be thought of as a potential solution. Reconfigurable assembly system are those types of assembly systems which can rapidly change their capacity that is the volumes that are assembled and functionality that is variation in the product type, within a product family. It can adapt and handle the fluctuations and uncertainty in market demand in the most efficient way. It has the characteristics of customization, convertibility, diagnosability and scalability. Many researchers have worked in determining the optimum system configuration for RAS, optimal configuration design of the constituent modules of RAS, optimizing the costs during convertibility, scalability, change over time, and some fuzzy applications, line balancing technique etc.
In the present work, an Industrial case study is considered for exploring the various assembling alternatives including RAS and select the optimum strategy using a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Tool. The importance of criteria will be identified with the help of expert’s opinion for the existing assembly system and also suggest some alternatives for the long term planning horizon. The experts will also give the rating of each criterion and for each identified alternative assembly strategy. By applying a suitable MCDM tool like VIKOR or TOPSIS in a Fuzzy environment, the strategic decision will be evaluated and the alternatives will be ranked accordingly.
Achieving Agility Using Cladistics: An Evolutionary AnalysisIan McCarthy
To achieve the status of an agile manufacturer, organisations need to clearly understand the concept of agility, relative to their industrial and business circumstances and to then identify and acquire the appropriate characteristics which will result in an agile manufacturing organisation. This paper is not simply another discussion on the definition of agility, or a philosophical debate on the drivers and characteristics of agility. This paper presents an evolutionary modelling technique (cladistics) which could enable organisations to systematically manage and understand the emergence of new manufacturing forms within their business environment. This fundamental, but important insight is valuable for achieving successful organisational design and change. Thus, regardless of the industrial sector, managers could use cladistics as an evolutionary analysis technique for determining ``where they have been and where they are now''. Moving from a non-agile manufacture to an agile manufacture is a process of organisational change and evolutionary development. This evolutionary method will enable organisations to understand the landscape of manufacturing possibilities that exist, to identify appropriate agile forms and to successfully navigate that landscape.
Running head SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT .docxtodd521
Running head: SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 6
Supply Chain Management
Students Name:
Institution Affiliation:
Supply Chain Management: Improving Process Efficiency and Effectiveness
Introduction
Companies are now supporting their supply chain strategies with the focus on being in driving transformation and realizing true competitive advantage. A company’s supply chain is supposed to be robust enough to enable it withstand the changing local, environmental, and social demands while remaining agile enough to enable it react to market shifts. In today’s environment, business managers are demanding more from their changing supply chains with their focus on competitive advantage. Such changes in expectations force supply chain leaders to focus more on the whole value chain. The trends involved in improving process efficiency and effectiveness in supply chain management include:
Improving strategic decision-making processes
The many decision-making agents together along with supply chain means that understanding and evaluating the dynamic behavior is very important. Application of a generic approach to modeling the supply chain dynamics is essential in the distribution processes (Gattorna, 2010). Both the physical processes which include primary and secondary manufacturing warehousing and distribution and the business processes should be modeled. The focus is how decisions are made at different nodes of the supply chain, who makes them, what methods or tools are used, among other factors (Coyle, Langley, Gibson, Novack & Bardi, 2013). The main aim of such an approach should be to replicate and integrate the behavior of supply chain in software. The logic or system of software tools used in decision-making at different nodes and systems are replicated in the simulation tool. Such an approach creates a non-invasive improvement in the operations of supply chain. These improvements are enhanced through changes in different parameters such as safety shocks or various business processes such as relationships between agents.
The current nature of process technology should incorporate agile equipment’s to shorten the process cycle times by a degree of magnitude and require little time for changeover (Chopra & Meindl, 2007). Such a move would avoid long processes and operations and lead to more responsive supply chain. The underlying operations will be triggered to change with the focus shifting to designing processes that will operate at intrinsic rates and not being limited by tools or equipment performance of traditional equipment’s. Processes and operations should be designed with greater emphasis on mechanistic understanding and be controlled tightly if significant reductions in the quality control activities are to be realized (Bowersox, Closs & Cooper, 2013). Development of integrated models of life-cycle retrieved from discovery consumption greatly facilitates strategic decisi.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Tugas Mandiri Manajemen Industri Vicky fakhrurrazi
1. By
Yang Cheng, Sami Farooq and John Johansen
Center for Industrial Production, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Vicky F. Fakhrurrazi
122100154
MM Produksi Univ. Trisakti Angk. 36
2. Meneliti efek dari perubahan yang terjadi
pada level manufaktur pada suatu pabrik
terhadap pabrik yang lain dalam satu jaringan
manufaktur dan juga melakukan investigasi
mengenai peranan dari pabrik dalam evolusi
jaringan manufaktur.
3. Jaringan manufaktur adalah kumpulan dari
pabrik-pabrik yang berlokasi pada tempat
yang berbeda-beda (Ferdows, 1989; Rudberg
and Olhager, 2003).
4. Literature on the manufacturing plant level
Each plant was treated as a separate single facility and networking
issues were ignored (Schmenner, 1982).
Literature on the manufacturing network level
Dalam proses pembuatan keputusan yang berhubungan dengan
jaringan manufaktur ada 2 keputusan yang harus dibedakan, yaitu:
Konfigurasi dan Koordinasi (Porter, 1986; Fawcett et al., 1993).
Konfigurasi berhubungan dengan lokasi pabrik dan alokasi sumberdaya
yang saling berhubungan dalam rantai supply (Meijboom and
Vos, 1997).
Koordinasi berhubungan dengan pengaturan jaringan dan pertanyaan
mengenai bagaimana caranya menhubungkan atau mengintegrasikan
fasilitas yang ada agar dapat mencapai tujuan stratejik dari perusahaan
(Gailbraith, 1990; Flaherty, 1996; Ferdows, 2006).
5. Bagaimana evolusi dari suatu pabrik
mempengaruhi pabrik yang lain dalam suatu
jaringan manufaktur?
Bagaimana evolusi dari suatu pabrik
menyebabkan perubahan yang lain dalam
suatu jaringan manufaktur secara lebih luas?
6. Metode Penelitian: Case Study.
3 perusahaan di Denmarks (Kantor dan pabrik)
Empirical data dikumpulkan dari August 2008
and July 2009 dengan menggunakan 3 langkah
pendekatan:
Longitudinal secondary sources such as annual
reports, press releases, presentation material for
customers and stakeholders, and media materials.
Semi-structured interviews.
Document reviews and data from interviewees.
11. Berdasarkan ketiga kasus, setiap pabrik sama-
sama melakukan perpindahan dan relokasi
produk dan proses ke pabrik lain.
Dynamics of Products/Proces
▪ In Case C, The Danish plant is responsible for developing new
products. However, during the course of their life cycle, their
productions are normally transferred to the Hungarian and
Chinese plants for low cost and market proximity.
▪ Process is similar as well.
Dynamics of plant capability
▪ Started their operations from simple products and basic
processes.
▪ Head quarter's R&D for remote/outward plants.
12. Dynamics of location condition
▪ Situation and factors that makes the plants moved or
produced specific products.
Dynamics of decisions about networks
▪ Real changes in either plant or networks are enabled
when top managers recognize opportunities and
attempt to make relevant decisions, which are unlikely
to be initiated by local managers.
13. From a plant perspective, plant evolutions are often
interdependent. As the portfolios of products and
processes flows among plants, strategic roles of
related plants (i.e. transferors and receivers) are being
changed simultaneously and gradually.
From a manufacturing network perspective, inter-
related evolutions of plants can also lead to the
portfolio of plants (with different strategic roles)
being changed from time to time, which further
represents the transformation of the configuration of
a manufacturing network.
Editor's Notes
how the evolution of one plant affects other plants in the same network and how that leads to changes of the network as a whole.
RQ1. How does the evolution of one manufacturing plant affect other plants in themanufacturing network?RQ2. How does the evolution of one manufacturing plant lead to changes in themanufacturing network as a whole?
The particular industry as well as other terms, including size,product, and process, were also adopted as additional sampling criteria. Moreover, inorder to ensure the feasibility of case selection, some practical factors such asdistance/cost, accessibility, and willingness to participate were also taken intoconsideration.First, longitudinal secondary sources such as annual reports, pressreleases, presentation material for customers and stakeholders, and media materialswere analysedto provide the researchers with more knowledge about the background ofthe companies as well as the overviews of their manufacturing network operations fromboth historical and current perspectives. Second, as our objective was to generatein-depth insight, more weight was placed on the repeated semi-structured interviews,which allowed the researcher to obtain facts, opinions about phenomena, and insightsinto the phenomena from firsthand sources (Yin, 2003). The outline of the protocols was normally sent to interviewees (CEOs,senior supply managers, operation managers and/or plant managers) who were selectedfor their knowledge and experience on manufacturing networks in advance to makesure they were properly prepared. The semi-structured interviews typically lasted 0.5-2 hours.They were digitally audio-recorded and then transcribed for feedback and checkingDataThird, document reviews and data from interviews werecombined and case reports were written and returned to the companies for verification.
