This document contains examples of Vedic mathematics problems and their step-by-step solutions. Vedic mathematics is an ancient system of mathematics from India that allows calculations to be performed mentally at high speed through the use of specific formulas. The document shows addition, subtraction, multiplication and division problems presented in a Vedic format and then converted to a normal format with the step-by-step workings and solutions.
Born in the Vedic Age, but buried under centuries of debris, this remarkable system of calculation was deciphered towards the beginning of the 20th century, when there was a great interest in ancient Sanskrit texts, especially in Europe. However, certain texts called Ganita Sutras, which contained mathematical deductions, were ignored, because no one could find any mathematics in them.
This document contains examples of Vedic mathematics problems and their step-by-step solutions. Vedic mathematics is an ancient system of mathematics from India that allows calculations to be performed mentally at high speed through the use of specific formulas. The document shows addition, subtraction, multiplication and division problems presented in a Vedic format and then converted to a normal format with the step-by-step workings and solutions.
Born in the Vedic Age, but buried under centuries of debris, this remarkable system of calculation was deciphered towards the beginning of the 20th century, when there was a great interest in ancient Sanskrit texts, especially in Europe. However, certain texts called Ganita Sutras, which contained mathematical deductions, were ignored, because no one could find any mathematics in them.
VLSI Implementation of Vedic Multiplier Using Urdhva– Tiryakbhyam Sutra in VH...iosrjce
This paper anticipated the design of a novel Vedic Multiplier using the techniques of Ancient Indian
Vedic Mathematics that have been modified to improve performance. A high speed processor depends greatly
on the multiplier as it is one of the key hardware blocks in most digital signal processing system as well as in
general processors. Currently the speed of the multipliers is limited by the speed of the adders used for partial
product addition. In this paper, we proposed an 8-bit multiplier using the new methodology of Vedic
Mathematics called as Urdhva-Tiryagbhyam sutra which is used for generating the partial products. The partial
product addition in Vedic multiplier is realized using carry-skip technique. This paper depicts the design of an
efficient 8×8 binary arithmetic multiplier by using Vedic Mathematics. From various multiplication techniques,
Urdhva-Tiryagbhyam sutra is being implemented because this sutra is applicable to all cases of algorithms for
N×N bit numbers and the minimum delay is obtained. A 4×4 Vedic Multiplier is designed using 9 –full adder
and a special 4-bit adder which is having reduced delay. Then 8-bit multiplier is designed using four 4-bit
multiplier and 3-ripple carry adder. Then 8×8 Vedic Multiplier is coded in VHDL, synthesized and simulated
using Xilinx ISE8.2 Software. Finally the objective of this paper lies in design of an efficient vedic multiplier
using Urdhva–Tiryakbhyam Sutra in VHDL Environment.
1) Steel fiber reinforced concrete has higher strength and durability than conventional concrete due to the inclusion of short, randomly distributed steel fibers.
2) Testing showed that concrete cubes with 5% steel fibers by weight had a 13.55% increase in compressive strength over conventional concrete.
3) Columns made with 5% steel fibers could carry over 14% more load than conventional concrete columns before failure. The addition of steel fibers improves properties like flexural strength, impact resistance, fatigue resistance, and permeability.
The proposed Vedic multiplier is based on traditional Vedic Sutras multiplication techniques that were used to multiply numbers in the decimal system. It uses the "Urdhva Tiryagbhyam Sutra" and "Nikhilam Sutra" to multiply two numbers faster and with less area than other multipliers like booth and array multipliers. The Vedic multiplier proves to be highly efficient for applications like digital signal processing in terms of both speed and smaller area compared to other designs.
This document provides tips and strategies for preparing for competitive exams through developing skills in mathematics, English, reasoning, and general knowledge. It discusses techniques for speed maths such as Vedic mathematics. It provides sample questions and problems for different topics in mathematics and reasoning. It also shares links to additional online resources and recommends books to help prepare in these subject areas. The goal is to help participants of the PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) increase their skills and score well in aptitude tests through effective preparation and practice.
This document proposes a multiply-accumulate (MAC) unit architecture using a multiplier based on the Vedic mathematics sutra of Urdhva Tiryagbhyam. It describes how the sutra can be used to simplify binary multiplications by breaking them into smaller 2x2 multiplications that can be performed in parallel. The proposed Vedic mathematics based MAC unit is shown to be highly efficient in terms of speed due to its regular and parallel structure.
Poetry is one of the oldest art forms and predates written language. It uses rhythm and imaginative language to convey feelings and experiences. The document outlines different eras and genres of poetry through history. It discusses ancient Greek poetry which separated poetry from prose and added new genres like lyric poetry. It also covers epic poets like Homer, sonnets, elegies, odes, ballads, dramatic monologues and different forms of narrative, lyric and dramatic poetry. Specific poetic forms like haiku, cinquain and free verse are also mentioned.
MAC unit is used for high performance digital signal processing systems. The DSP applications include filtering, convolution, and inner products.
The design consists of 64 bit modified Wallace multiplier.
128 bit carry save adder and a register/ accumulator.
The output of carry save adder is 129 bit i.e. one bit is for the carry (128bits+ 1 bit). Then, the output is given to the accumulator register.
The accumulator register used in this design is Parallel In Parallel Out (PIPO).
The output of the accumulator register is taken out or fed back as one of the input to the carry save adder.
APPLICATIONS:
1) digital signal processing (DSP) applications
a. Signal filtering
b. convolution.
c. Decreasing number of inner products.
2) Optical communications.
9.design of high speed area efficient low power vedic multiplier using revers...nareshbk
This document proposes designing a 4x4 Vedic multiplier using reversible logic gates. It discusses how traditional multipliers have high area, latency and power consumption. The Vedic multiplication algorithm called Urdhva Tiryagbhyam can increase speed compared to other techniques. Implementing this algorithm with reversible logic gates can further reduce area and power dissipation. A 4x4 Vedic multiplier is designed using reversible Peres and HNG gates to realize the multiplication, with benefits of constant inputs, low garbage outputs, quantum cost, area and speed compared to other reversible logic multipliers.
This document discusses the implementation of fast multiplier architectures for convolution applications in signal processing. It examines Vedic multipliers, column bypass multipliers, and multipliers using compressors. Circuit diagrams and simulation results are presented for 4-bit, 8-bit, and 16-bit multipliers. Synthesis results on a Xilinx FPGA show the resource utilization and performance of each multiplier type. Applications of these multipliers include convolution, DSP processors, and fast Fourier transforms.
This document describes the design of optimized reversible Vedic multipliers for high-speed low-power operations. It presents 2x2, 4x4, and 8x8 bit reversible Vedic multipliers based on the Urdhva Tiryakbhyam multiplication algorithm. The multipliers were designed using reversible logic gates like Feynman, Peres, and HNG gates. Simulation results showed the reversible Vedic multipliers have lower time delay, area, and number of logic units compared to normal Vedic multipliers. Potential applications of these high-speed low-power multipliers include fast Fourier transforms, public key cryptography, and embedded systems.
This document discusses Philippine epics and their characteristics. It provides examples of notable Philippine epics such as the Maragtas Chronicles of Panay, Darangan, Aliguyon, Biag ni Lam-ang, and Ibalon. These epics tell heroic stories that involve epic heroes, heroic quests, divine intervention, and help establish a sense of national identity and history. The document also outlines common elements of epics like heroic deeds, supernatural forces, and historical or mythological events that serve as backdrops to the epic narratives.
This document discusses adverse drug reactions, including definitions, classifications, monitoring, documentation, and reporting. It defines an adverse drug reaction as an unintended response to a drug that occurs at normal doses. Adverse events are classified as serious if they result in death, hospitalization, disability, or required intervention. Adverse reactions are categorized as Type A or Type B. Monitoring involves identifying reactions, assessing causality using methods like the Naranjo algorithm, documenting in forms, and reporting serious reactions to authorities.
VLSI Implementation of Vedic Multiplier Using Urdhva– Tiryakbhyam Sutra in VH...iosrjce
This paper anticipated the design of a novel Vedic Multiplier using the techniques of Ancient Indian
Vedic Mathematics that have been modified to improve performance. A high speed processor depends greatly
on the multiplier as it is one of the key hardware blocks in most digital signal processing system as well as in
general processors. Currently the speed of the multipliers is limited by the speed of the adders used for partial
product addition. In this paper, we proposed an 8-bit multiplier using the new methodology of Vedic
Mathematics called as Urdhva-Tiryagbhyam sutra which is used for generating the partial products. The partial
product addition in Vedic multiplier is realized using carry-skip technique. This paper depicts the design of an
efficient 8×8 binary arithmetic multiplier by using Vedic Mathematics. From various multiplication techniques,
Urdhva-Tiryagbhyam sutra is being implemented because this sutra is applicable to all cases of algorithms for
N×N bit numbers and the minimum delay is obtained. A 4×4 Vedic Multiplier is designed using 9 –full adder
and a special 4-bit adder which is having reduced delay. Then 8-bit multiplier is designed using four 4-bit
multiplier and 3-ripple carry adder. Then 8×8 Vedic Multiplier is coded in VHDL, synthesized and simulated
using Xilinx ISE8.2 Software. Finally the objective of this paper lies in design of an efficient vedic multiplier
using Urdhva–Tiryakbhyam Sutra in VHDL Environment.
1) Steel fiber reinforced concrete has higher strength and durability than conventional concrete due to the inclusion of short, randomly distributed steel fibers.
2) Testing showed that concrete cubes with 5% steel fibers by weight had a 13.55% increase in compressive strength over conventional concrete.
3) Columns made with 5% steel fibers could carry over 14% more load than conventional concrete columns before failure. The addition of steel fibers improves properties like flexural strength, impact resistance, fatigue resistance, and permeability.
The proposed Vedic multiplier is based on traditional Vedic Sutras multiplication techniques that were used to multiply numbers in the decimal system. It uses the "Urdhva Tiryagbhyam Sutra" and "Nikhilam Sutra" to multiply two numbers faster and with less area than other multipliers like booth and array multipliers. The Vedic multiplier proves to be highly efficient for applications like digital signal processing in terms of both speed and smaller area compared to other designs.
This document provides tips and strategies for preparing for competitive exams through developing skills in mathematics, English, reasoning, and general knowledge. It discusses techniques for speed maths such as Vedic mathematics. It provides sample questions and problems for different topics in mathematics and reasoning. It also shares links to additional online resources and recommends books to help prepare in these subject areas. The goal is to help participants of the PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) increase their skills and score well in aptitude tests through effective preparation and practice.
This document proposes a multiply-accumulate (MAC) unit architecture using a multiplier based on the Vedic mathematics sutra of Urdhva Tiryagbhyam. It describes how the sutra can be used to simplify binary multiplications by breaking them into smaller 2x2 multiplications that can be performed in parallel. The proposed Vedic mathematics based MAC unit is shown to be highly efficient in terms of speed due to its regular and parallel structure.
Poetry is one of the oldest art forms and predates written language. It uses rhythm and imaginative language to convey feelings and experiences. The document outlines different eras and genres of poetry through history. It discusses ancient Greek poetry which separated poetry from prose and added new genres like lyric poetry. It also covers epic poets like Homer, sonnets, elegies, odes, ballads, dramatic monologues and different forms of narrative, lyric and dramatic poetry. Specific poetic forms like haiku, cinquain and free verse are also mentioned.
MAC unit is used for high performance digital signal processing systems. The DSP applications include filtering, convolution, and inner products.
The design consists of 64 bit modified Wallace multiplier.
128 bit carry save adder and a register/ accumulator.
The output of carry save adder is 129 bit i.e. one bit is for the carry (128bits+ 1 bit). Then, the output is given to the accumulator register.
The accumulator register used in this design is Parallel In Parallel Out (PIPO).
The output of the accumulator register is taken out or fed back as one of the input to the carry save adder.
APPLICATIONS:
1) digital signal processing (DSP) applications
a. Signal filtering
b. convolution.
c. Decreasing number of inner products.
2) Optical communications.
9.design of high speed area efficient low power vedic multiplier using revers...nareshbk
This document proposes designing a 4x4 Vedic multiplier using reversible logic gates. It discusses how traditional multipliers have high area, latency and power consumption. The Vedic multiplication algorithm called Urdhva Tiryagbhyam can increase speed compared to other techniques. Implementing this algorithm with reversible logic gates can further reduce area and power dissipation. A 4x4 Vedic multiplier is designed using reversible Peres and HNG gates to realize the multiplication, with benefits of constant inputs, low garbage outputs, quantum cost, area and speed compared to other reversible logic multipliers.
This document discusses the implementation of fast multiplier architectures for convolution applications in signal processing. It examines Vedic multipliers, column bypass multipliers, and multipliers using compressors. Circuit diagrams and simulation results are presented for 4-bit, 8-bit, and 16-bit multipliers. Synthesis results on a Xilinx FPGA show the resource utilization and performance of each multiplier type. Applications of these multipliers include convolution, DSP processors, and fast Fourier transforms.
This document describes the design of optimized reversible Vedic multipliers for high-speed low-power operations. It presents 2x2, 4x4, and 8x8 bit reversible Vedic multipliers based on the Urdhva Tiryakbhyam multiplication algorithm. The multipliers were designed using reversible logic gates like Feynman, Peres, and HNG gates. Simulation results showed the reversible Vedic multipliers have lower time delay, area, and number of logic units compared to normal Vedic multipliers. Potential applications of these high-speed low-power multipliers include fast Fourier transforms, public key cryptography, and embedded systems.
This document discusses Philippine epics and their characteristics. It provides examples of notable Philippine epics such as the Maragtas Chronicles of Panay, Darangan, Aliguyon, Biag ni Lam-ang, and Ibalon. These epics tell heroic stories that involve epic heroes, heroic quests, divine intervention, and help establish a sense of national identity and history. The document also outlines common elements of epics like heroic deeds, supernatural forces, and historical or mythological events that serve as backdrops to the epic narratives.
This document discusses adverse drug reactions, including definitions, classifications, monitoring, documentation, and reporting. It defines an adverse drug reaction as an unintended response to a drug that occurs at normal doses. Adverse events are classified as serious if they result in death, hospitalization, disability, or required intervention. Adverse reactions are categorized as Type A or Type B. Monitoring involves identifying reactions, assessing causality using methods like the Naranjo algorithm, documenting in forms, and reporting serious reactions to authorities.