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Trainingsvariabelen
fysiotherapie en fitness
Variabelen functie specifiek
Kracht
Snelheid
Uithoudingsvermogen
Mobiliteit
Coördinatie/ stabiliteit
•Kracht:
Maximaal kracht
Snel Kracht/ explosieve kracht
Kracht uithoudingsvermogen (Lokaal)
•Snelheid
Hoge snelheid in bepaalde trajecten van
beweging (hoeksnelheid)
In adl niet vaak van toepassing.
Hoewel: Bij valpreventie gedacht
kan worden aan het snel verzetten
van de benen als opvang reactie.
Richtlijn voor opbouw van snelheid:
Aantal herhalingen per x sec. opvoeren.
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• Bepalen van de Fmax(1RM) met
behulp van holten diagram
•Richtlijn krachttraining:
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Het KRS-Systeem
Krs nr. Methode herh. supercompensatietijd
1. Coordinatie 13-20 24-uur
2. Uithoudingsverm. I 31-40 24-uur
3. Uithoudingsverm. II 21-30 24-uur
4. Uithoudingsverm. III 13-20 24-uur
5. Hypertrofie 8-12 48-uur
6. Rekrutering I 5-7 48-uur
7. Rekrutering II 3-4 48-uur
8. Rekrutering III 1-2 48-uur
9. Snelkracht 10 (snel)72-uur
10.Explosieve kracht 10 (snel)72-uur
K
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Coörd. Kracht UHV Hyper-
Trofie
Rekrutering
Kg
Rekrutering
tijd
Herh. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1-2 -40% - - - - -20% -10% - -
3-4 -30% - - - -20% -10% +5% -20% -20%
5-7 -20% - - -20% -10% +10% +10% -10% -10%
8-12 -10% - -20% -10% +10% +20% -
13-20 -20% -10% +10% +20% - - +10% +10%
21-30 +10% -10% +10% +20% - - - +20% +20%
31-40 +20% +10% +20% - - - - - -
>40 - +10% +20% - - - - - - -
Tabel: kracht revalidatie systeem
K
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Trainingskaart KRS
Oefening: Krs nummer:
serie Dag 1 Dag 2 Dag 3 Dag 4 Dag 4 Dag 5 Dag 6
kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her
1
2
3
4
Opmerking:
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•Uithoudingsvermogen
keuze specifieke verbrandingscyclus trainen
in juiste tijdspanne bepaald aan de hand van
de VO2 max.
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Bepaling HFmax en HRR
• HFMax (volgens Tanaka)
208-(0,7xleeftijd)
• Hfrust
• Rust hartslag (3x meten ‘s ochtends voor opstaan)
Formule van Karvonen
HRR(heart rate reserve)
Maximale hartslag-Rust hartslag
Hfmax-Hfrust
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Bepaling HF-Training
Hf-training= Hfrust + x% x HRR
55%-65% = vetverbranding
65%-85% = Aeroob trainingsgebied
85%-Max = Maximale inspanning
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Richtlijn opbouw duur uithoudingsvermogen
• Intensiteit tussen 50 en 85%
• Duur 20-30 minuten (in blokken van
minimaal 4 minuten)
• Frequentie 3x per week
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•Mobiliteit
ROM (range of Motion)
M
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•Coordinatie
Gesloten keten:
Machines
Open keten:
Squat rek/ smith machine
Dumbels/ stang
Aerosling
Grondoefeningen/ bosubal
C
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Functionele Training
Analyse:
• Grondmotorische vaardigheid:
• Energieleverend systeem
• Analyse specifieke bewegingen
Grondmotorische vaardigheid:
Uithoudingsvermogen
Kracht
Snelheid
Mobiliteit
Coördinatie
Energieleverend systeem
• Anaeroob
ATP 2-3 seconden
CP(creatine fosfaat) 10-15 sec
Lactisch systeem na 20 sec. tot max. 90 sec.
• Aëroob (vanaf 4 minuten)
Trainingseffect na 20 minuten tot 1,5 uur
Specifieke bewegingen
• Actieve spiermassa
• Geactiveerde spiervezeltypes
• Contractie vorm
isometisch
concentrisch
excentrisch
• Gewrichtshoek/ bewegingstraject (ROM)
• Bewegingsnelheid
• Intensiteit belasting (perc. Max. kracht)
• Coördinatie patronen
Voorbeeld schema oefening
Oefening: Krs nummer:
serie Dag 1 Dag 2 Dag 3 Dag 4 Dag 4 Dag 5 Dag 6
kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her
1
2
3
4
Grondmotorische eigenschappen Uithoudingsvermogen, Kracht, Snelheid, Mobiliteit, Coördinatie
Energieleverend systeem: ATP 2-3 seconden, CP 10-15 sec,Lactisch systeem 20 sec. tot 90 sec, Aeroob >4 min.
Specifieke Bewegingen: Isometrisch, concentrisch, excentrisch, ROM …………….…, Snelheid:……….…….
Aanvullende opmerkingen:
Type I: Aeroob (gemeten in vastus lateralus middels biopt)
(Lange afstandlopers (60-90%)
(Fietsen 40-80%)
(Sprint 15-40%)
Type II : Anaeroob
Type IIx: Intermediaire vezels
(kunnen eigenschappen ontwikkelen van
type IIa groter uithoudingsvermogen)
•Indeling per type spiervezelK
r
a
c
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t
Het ARS-Systeem
• Anaerobe drempel:
– 10% van Hfmax
• Aerobe drempel
– 30% van Hfmax
Beweegvormen:
Wandelen, briskwalking, joggen, hardlopen
Fietsen/ Cross trainer
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Belastbaarheids try-outs (25x2x50meter)
Wandelen Briskwalking Joggen Hardlopen
Herh. Sec. Hf. Herh. Sec. Hf. Herh. Sec. Hf. Herh. Sec. Hf.
1-2 39 33-34 23 45-46 17 49-50 15
3-4 38 35-36 22 47-48 16
5-6 37 37-38 21
7-8 36 39-40 20
9-10 35 41-42 19
11-12 34 43-44 18
13-14 33
15-16 32
17-18 31
19-20 30
21-22 29
23-24 28
25-26 27
27-28 26
29-30 25
31-32 24
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Belastbaarheids try-out (Fiets/Cross trainer)
Fietsen/cross trainer
Herh. Watt. Hf. Herh. Watt. Hf.
1-2 100 33-34 420
3-4 120 35-36 440
5-6 140 37-38 460
7-8 160 39-40 480
9-10 180 41-42 500
11-12 200 43-44 520
13-14 220 45-46 540
15-16 240 47-48 560
17-18 260 49-50 580
19-20 280
21-22 300
23-24 320
25-26 340
27-28 360
29-30 380
31-32 400
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HFF = Recovery heart rate/ herstel
hartfrequentie: daling hartslag na zware
inspanning
Goede indicatie voor mate van
conditie. Goed te gebruiken om
cardiorespiratoire vooruitgang te
meten.
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HFF-indicatie
• P0 = Polsslag direct na inspanning
• P1 = Polsslag 1 minuut na inspanning
• P2 = Polsslag 2 minuten na inspanning
• P3 = Polsslag 3 minuten na inspanning
• Pv = pols verschil
• Pv 30-50 P1 = conditie goed tot zeer goed
• Pv 30 = conditie goed
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Trainingsvariabelen

  • 3. •Kracht: Maximaal kracht Snel Kracht/ explosieve kracht Kracht uithoudingsvermogen (Lokaal)
  • 4. •Snelheid Hoge snelheid in bepaalde trajecten van beweging (hoeksnelheid) In adl niet vaak van toepassing. Hoewel: Bij valpreventie gedacht kan worden aan het snel verzetten van de benen als opvang reactie. Richtlijn voor opbouw van snelheid: Aantal herhalingen per x sec. opvoeren. S n e l h e i d
  • 5. • Bepalen van de Fmax(1RM) met behulp van holten diagram •Richtlijn krachttraining: K r a c h t
  • 6. Het KRS-Systeem Krs nr. Methode herh. supercompensatietijd 1. Coordinatie 13-20 24-uur 2. Uithoudingsverm. I 31-40 24-uur 3. Uithoudingsverm. II 21-30 24-uur 4. Uithoudingsverm. III 13-20 24-uur 5. Hypertrofie 8-12 48-uur 6. Rekrutering I 5-7 48-uur 7. Rekrutering II 3-4 48-uur 8. Rekrutering III 1-2 48-uur 9. Snelkracht 10 (snel)72-uur 10.Explosieve kracht 10 (snel)72-uur K r a c h t
  • 7. Coörd. Kracht UHV Hyper- Trofie Rekrutering Kg Rekrutering tijd Herh. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1-2 -40% - - - - -20% -10% - - 3-4 -30% - - - -20% -10% +5% -20% -20% 5-7 -20% - - -20% -10% +10% +10% -10% -10% 8-12 -10% - -20% -10% +10% +20% - 13-20 -20% -10% +10% +20% - - +10% +10% 21-30 +10% -10% +10% +20% - - - +20% +20% 31-40 +20% +10% +20% - - - - - - >40 - +10% +20% - - - - - - - Tabel: kracht revalidatie systeem K r a c h t
  • 8. Trainingskaart KRS Oefening: Krs nummer: serie Dag 1 Dag 2 Dag 3 Dag 4 Dag 4 Dag 5 Dag 6 kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her 1 2 3 4 Opmerking: K r a c h t
  • 9. •Uithoudingsvermogen keuze specifieke verbrandingscyclus trainen in juiste tijdspanne bepaald aan de hand van de VO2 max. U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n
  • 10. Bepaling HFmax en HRR • HFMax (volgens Tanaka) 208-(0,7xleeftijd) • Hfrust • Rust hartslag (3x meten ‘s ochtends voor opstaan) Formule van Karvonen HRR(heart rate reserve) Maximale hartslag-Rust hartslag Hfmax-Hfrust U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n
  • 11. Bepaling HF-Training Hf-training= Hfrust + x% x HRR 55%-65% = vetverbranding 65%-85% = Aeroob trainingsgebied 85%-Max = Maximale inspanning U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n
  • 12. Richtlijn opbouw duur uithoudingsvermogen • Intensiteit tussen 50 en 85% • Duur 20-30 minuten (in blokken van minimaal 4 minuten) • Frequentie 3x per week U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n
  • 13. •Mobiliteit ROM (range of Motion) M o b i l i t e i t
  • 14. •Coordinatie Gesloten keten: Machines Open keten: Squat rek/ smith machine Dumbels/ stang Aerosling Grondoefeningen/ bosubal C o ö r d i n a t i e
  • 15. Functionele Training Analyse: • Grondmotorische vaardigheid: • Energieleverend systeem • Analyse specifieke bewegingen
  • 17. Energieleverend systeem • Anaeroob ATP 2-3 seconden CP(creatine fosfaat) 10-15 sec Lactisch systeem na 20 sec. tot max. 90 sec. • Aëroob (vanaf 4 minuten) Trainingseffect na 20 minuten tot 1,5 uur
  • 18. Specifieke bewegingen • Actieve spiermassa • Geactiveerde spiervezeltypes • Contractie vorm isometisch concentrisch excentrisch • Gewrichtshoek/ bewegingstraject (ROM) • Bewegingsnelheid • Intensiteit belasting (perc. Max. kracht) • Coördinatie patronen
  • 19. Voorbeeld schema oefening Oefening: Krs nummer: serie Dag 1 Dag 2 Dag 3 Dag 4 Dag 4 Dag 5 Dag 6 kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her kg her 1 2 3 4 Grondmotorische eigenschappen Uithoudingsvermogen, Kracht, Snelheid, Mobiliteit, Coördinatie Energieleverend systeem: ATP 2-3 seconden, CP 10-15 sec,Lactisch systeem 20 sec. tot 90 sec, Aeroob >4 min. Specifieke Bewegingen: Isometrisch, concentrisch, excentrisch, ROM …………….…, Snelheid:……….……. Aanvullende opmerkingen:
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22. Type I: Aeroob (gemeten in vastus lateralus middels biopt) (Lange afstandlopers (60-90%) (Fietsen 40-80%) (Sprint 15-40%) Type II : Anaeroob Type IIx: Intermediaire vezels (kunnen eigenschappen ontwikkelen van type IIa groter uithoudingsvermogen) •Indeling per type spiervezelK r a c h t
  • 23. Het ARS-Systeem • Anaerobe drempel: – 10% van Hfmax • Aerobe drempel – 30% van Hfmax Beweegvormen: Wandelen, briskwalking, joggen, hardlopen Fietsen/ Cross trainer U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n
  • 24. Belastbaarheids try-outs (25x2x50meter) Wandelen Briskwalking Joggen Hardlopen Herh. Sec. Hf. Herh. Sec. Hf. Herh. Sec. Hf. Herh. Sec. Hf. 1-2 39 33-34 23 45-46 17 49-50 15 3-4 38 35-36 22 47-48 16 5-6 37 37-38 21 7-8 36 39-40 20 9-10 35 41-42 19 11-12 34 43-44 18 13-14 33 15-16 32 17-18 31 19-20 30 21-22 29 23-24 28 25-26 27 27-28 26 29-30 25 31-32 24 U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n
  • 25. Belastbaarheids try-out (Fiets/Cross trainer) Fietsen/cross trainer Herh. Watt. Hf. Herh. Watt. Hf. 1-2 100 33-34 420 3-4 120 35-36 440 5-6 140 37-38 460 7-8 160 39-40 480 9-10 180 41-42 500 11-12 200 43-44 520 13-14 220 45-46 540 15-16 240 47-48 560 17-18 260 49-50 580 19-20 280 21-22 300 23-24 320 25-26 340 27-28 360 29-30 380 31-32 400 U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n
  • 26. HFF = Recovery heart rate/ herstel hartfrequentie: daling hartslag na zware inspanning Goede indicatie voor mate van conditie. Goed te gebruiken om cardiorespiratoire vooruitgang te meten. U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n
  • 27. HFF-indicatie • P0 = Polsslag direct na inspanning • P1 = Polsslag 1 minuut na inspanning • P2 = Polsslag 2 minuten na inspanning • P3 = Polsslag 3 minuten na inspanning • Pv = pols verschil • Pv 30-50 P1 = conditie goed tot zeer goed • Pv 30 = conditie goed U i t h o u d i n g s v e r m o g e n