What is an API, and why do we need to test it? An API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of protocols and tools for building software applications. It enables communication and data exchange between different software applications. We need to test APIs to ensure that they meet the requirements and work as expected. What is API testing? API testing is a type of software testing that involves testing APIs directly without any graphical user interface. It validates that the API meets the requirements, functions as expected, and provides accurate responses. What are the types of API testing? The types of API testing are unit testing, functional testing, load testing, security testing, error handling testing, and UI testing. What is the difference between SOAP and REST APIs? SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is a protocol that uses XML to exchange data between systems, while REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style that uses HTTP to exchange data between systems. REST is more lightweight, scalable, and easier to use than SOAP. What is the difference between POST and GET methods? POST is used to submit data to a server to create a new resource, while GET is used to retrieve data from a server. What is JSON? JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data interchange format that is easy for humans to read and write and easy for machines to parse and generate. What is an assertion in API testing? An assertion in API testing is a way of verifying the expected result against the actual result. It validates that the API response meets the expected criteria. What is an endpoint in API testing? An endpoint is a URL that is used to access a specific API resource. What is a status code in API testing? A status code is a three-digit code that indicates the status of an HTTP request. It helps to determine whether the API request was successful or not. What is a query parameter in API testing? A query parameter is a parameter that is passed in the URL to filter and sort data. What is a header in API testing? A header is a piece of metadata that is passed in the HTTP request or response. It provides additional information about the request or response. What is a mock API? A mock API is a simulated API that can be used to test the functionality of an API client without relying on a real API server. What is API documentation, and why is it important? API documentation is a set of instructions that describes how to use an API. It is important because it helps developers to understand how to use the API and ensures that the API is used correctly. What is API versioning? API versioning is the practice of creating multiple versions of an API to allow for backward compatibility and to prevent breaking changes. What is API throttling? API throttling is the practice of limiting the number of requests that can be made to an API within a certain period to prevent server overload.