Title IX prohibits sex-based discrimination in educational institutions that receive federal funding. Enacted in 1972, it helped increase opportunities for women in sports and employment in universities. While its text does not explicitly mention sports, Title IX established that schools must provide equal athletic participation opportunities and treatment to both sexes. It is enforced by the Department of Education and applies to entire schools receiving federal funds. Schools must comply with Title IX's three prongs for equal treatment and accommodation of student athletic interests and abilities regardless of sex. Studies show Title IX dramatically increased women's participation in high school and college sports since the 1970s.