Anatomy of the ankle and joints of footAkram Jaffar
Objectives:
After completion of this presentation, it is expected that the students will be able to
Musculoskeletal Anatomy
Describe the distal end of the tibia and be able to identify:
• the shaft
• the sharp anterior border
• the subcutaneous anteromedial surface or “shin”
• the interosseous border
• the medial malleolus
• articular surfaces
Describe the distal end of the fibula and be able to identify:
• the shaft
• the interosseous border
• the lateral malleolus with grooves for peroneal tendons
• articular surface
Identify the key features of the seven tarsal bones:
• the calcaneus
calcaneal tuberosity
medial, lateral and anterior tubercles
the sustentaculum tali
peroneal trochlea
• the talus:
head
neck
body
dome
posterior tubercle with groove for flexor hallucis longus
• the cuboid with groove for peroneus longus on the plantar surface
• the navicular with tuberosity for the insertion of tibialis posterior
• the five metatarsals with fifth tuberosity for peroneus brevis
• the phalanges with 2 on big toe, 3 on others
• sesamoid bones at base of 1st metatarsals
Describe the structure, function and maintenance (bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments) of the arches of the foot:
medial longitudinal
lateral longitudinal
transverse
Identify the attachments and understand the functions of the deep fascia:
• plantar aponeurosis
• fibrous septa of the sole
• extensor, flexor and peroneal retinaculae
Describe the components & function of the foot & ankle joints:
• ankle joint:
articular surfaces
fibrous capsule
synovial membrane
Ligaments (medial/deltoid, lateral/tri-fascicular)
Movements (plantar/dorsi flexion)
• subtalar joints:
• distal tibiofibular joint
• talo-calcaneo-navicular (mid-tarsal) joint
• tarso-metatarsal joints
• metatarsophalangeal
• interphalangeal
Recognise the shape, size and attachments of:
• the long plantar ligament
• the short plantar (plantar calcaneocuboid) ligament
Clinical Anatomy
Explain the relevant anatomy of:
• the differences between the superior and inferior tibiofibular joints
• fracture of the second & fifth metatarsals
• ankle sprain with fractured shaft of fibula
• the three degrees of ankle sprain
• the ratio of lateral to medial ankle ligament sprains
• plantar fasciitis and calcaneal spur
• pes planus
• hallux valgus and its predominance in females
• the ankle jerk and plantar reflex
Radiological Anatomy
Identify:
• the antero-posterior and lateral views of the distal tibia, fibula and foot bones
• the ankle joint space
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Scientists are continually searching for the next big breakthrough in cancer research. But so much of what has already been discovered on how to reduce cancer risk is not being put into practice. More than 50 percent of cancer cases, and 50 percent of cancer deaths, can be prevented with the knowledge we have right now.
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Depression is different from other illnesses in that, in addition to the physiological symptoms (loss of appetite, nervousness, sleeplessness, fatigue), there are the accompanying thoughts that can be so incredibly painful.
Anatomy of the ankle and joints of footAkram Jaffar
Objectives:
After completion of this presentation, it is expected that the students will be able to
Musculoskeletal Anatomy
Describe the distal end of the tibia and be able to identify:
• the shaft
• the sharp anterior border
• the subcutaneous anteromedial surface or “shin”
• the interosseous border
• the medial malleolus
• articular surfaces
Describe the distal end of the fibula and be able to identify:
• the shaft
• the interosseous border
• the lateral malleolus with grooves for peroneal tendons
• articular surface
Identify the key features of the seven tarsal bones:
• the calcaneus
calcaneal tuberosity
medial, lateral and anterior tubercles
the sustentaculum tali
peroneal trochlea
• the talus:
head
neck
body
dome
posterior tubercle with groove for flexor hallucis longus
• the cuboid with groove for peroneus longus on the plantar surface
• the navicular with tuberosity for the insertion of tibialis posterior
• the five metatarsals with fifth tuberosity for peroneus brevis
• the phalanges with 2 on big toe, 3 on others
• sesamoid bones at base of 1st metatarsals
Describe the structure, function and maintenance (bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments) of the arches of the foot:
medial longitudinal
lateral longitudinal
transverse
Identify the attachments and understand the functions of the deep fascia:
• plantar aponeurosis
• fibrous septa of the sole
• extensor, flexor and peroneal retinaculae
Describe the components & function of the foot & ankle joints:
• ankle joint:
articular surfaces
fibrous capsule
synovial membrane
Ligaments (medial/deltoid, lateral/tri-fascicular)
Movements (plantar/dorsi flexion)
• subtalar joints:
• distal tibiofibular joint
• talo-calcaneo-navicular (mid-tarsal) joint
• tarso-metatarsal joints
• metatarsophalangeal
• interphalangeal
Recognise the shape, size and attachments of:
• the long plantar ligament
• the short plantar (plantar calcaneocuboid) ligament
Clinical Anatomy
Explain the relevant anatomy of:
• the differences between the superior and inferior tibiofibular joints
• fracture of the second & fifth metatarsals
• ankle sprain with fractured shaft of fibula
• the three degrees of ankle sprain
• the ratio of lateral to medial ankle ligament sprains
• plantar fasciitis and calcaneal spur
• pes planus
• hallux valgus and its predominance in females
• the ankle jerk and plantar reflex
Radiological Anatomy
Identify:
• the antero-posterior and lateral views of the distal tibia, fibula and foot bones
• the ankle joint space
5 tips to prevent cancers you didn’t know were caused by viruseskirti betai
Scientists are continually searching for the next big breakthrough in cancer research. But so much of what has already been discovered on how to reduce cancer risk is not being put into practice. More than 50 percent of cancer cases, and 50 percent of cancer deaths, can be prevented with the knowledge we have right now.
Because binge eating disorder is often shrouded in secrecy, seeking help can be difficult. Learn how to overcome feelings of shame and get the support you need.
Social connections can help you stay healthier and happier throughout life
Maintaining friendships, new and old, is an essential part of emotional wellness, but it's also important for your continued physical health as you age, experts say.
If you often feel bloated after eating, simple changes to your diet can help.
We all know the pleasures of a good meal, and how that can be followed by discomfort around the waistband when we've eaten too much.
How to let go of the thoughts that cause depressionkirti betai
Depression is different from other illnesses in that, in addition to the physiological symptoms (loss of appetite, nervousness, sleeplessness, fatigue), there are the accompanying thoughts that can be so incredibly painful.
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We’ve come a little way in reducing the stigma that’s associated with mental illness, but not nearly far enough. Consider these results pulled from a public attitude survey in Tarrant County, Texas, conducted by the county’s Mental Health Connection and the University of North Texas in Denton to determine the community’s view of mental illness:
Although this procedure is popular, there are safer, more natural ways to cleanse your system.
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• Each week, fit in 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise– activities like jogging and cycling that increase heart and respiratory rate to the extent you carry on brief conversations but can’t sing. Alternatively, you can engage in 75 minutes a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise, which entails elevating your heart and breathing rate high enough that you can’t chat.
A healthy, happy mind can contribute to good health.
Balanced living means having a positive outlook, focusing on good habits, and lowering stress.
Everyone longs to be healthy and happy. After all, what's the point in working hard toward a long and healthy life if you can't enjoy it?
When family members and friends don’t understand depressionkirti betai
We’ve come a little way in reducing the stigma that’s associated with mental illness, but not nearly far enough. Consider these results pulled from a public attitude survey in Tarrant County, Texas, conducted by the county’s Mental Health Connection and the University of North Texas in Denton to determine the community’s view of mental illness:
Although this procedure is popular, there are safer, more natural ways to cleanse your system.
Thanks to the liver and kidneys, the body is equipped to flush out toxins on its own.
7 habits that can worsen ankylosing spondylitiskirti betai
To stay as healthy as possible with ankylosing spondylitis, certain triggers should be avoided. Learn how to fix lifestyle habits that can make your condition worse.
• Each week, fit in 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise– activities like jogging and cycling that increase heart and respiratory rate to the extent you carry on brief conversations but can’t sing. Alternatively, you can engage in 75 minutes a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise, which entails elevating your heart and breathing rate high enough that you can’t chat.
A healthy, happy mind can contribute to good health.
Balanced living means having a positive outlook, focusing on good habits, and lowering stress.
Everyone longs to be healthy and happy. After all, what's the point in working hard toward a long and healthy life if you can't enjoy it?
Care Instructions for Activewear & Swim Suits.pdfsundazesurf80
SunDaze Surf offers top swimwear tips: choose high-quality, UV-protective fabrics to shield your skin. Opt for secure fits that withstand waves and active movement. Bright colors enhance visibility, while adjustable straps ensure comfort. Prioritize styles with good support, like racerbacks or underwire tops, for active beach days. Always rinse swimwear after use to maintain fabric integrity.
Have you ever wondered about the lost city of Atlantis and its profound connection to our modern world? Ruth Elisabeth Hancock’s podcast, “Visions of Atlantis,” delves deep into this intriguing topic in a captivating conversation with Michael Le Flem, author of the enlightening book titled “Visions of Atlantis.” This podcast episode offers a thought-provoking blend of historical inquiry, esoteric wisdom, and contemporary reflections. Let’s embark on a journey of discovery as we unpack the mysteries of ancient civilizations and their relevance to our present existence.
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La transidentité, un sujet qui fractionne les FrançaisIpsos France
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Johnny Depp Long Hair: A Signature Look Through the Yearsgreendigital
Johnny Depp, synonymous with eclectic roles and unparalleled acting prowess. has also been a significant figure in fashion and style. Johnny Depp long hair is a distinctive trademark among the various elements that define his unique persona. This article delves into the evolution, impact. and cultural significance of Johnny Depp long hair. exploring how it has contributed to his iconic status.
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Introduction
Johnny Depp is an actor known for his chameleon-like ability to transform into a wide range of characters. from the eccentric Captain Jack Sparrow in "Pirates of the Caribbean" to the introspective Edward Scissorhands. His long hair is one constant throughout his evolving roles and public appearances. Johnny Depp long hair is not a style choice but a significant aspect of his identity. contributing to his allure and mystique. This article explores the journey and significance of Johnny Depp long hair. highlighting how it has become integral to his brand.
The Early Years: A Budding Star with Signature Locks
1980s: The Rise of a Young Heartthrob
Johnny Depp's journey in Hollywood began in the 1980s. with his breakout role in the television series "21 Jump Street." During this time, his hair was short, but it was already clear that Depp had a penchant for unique and edgy styles. By the decade's end, Depp started experimenting with longer hair. setting the stage for a lifelong signature.
1990s: From Heartthrob to Icon
The 1990s were transformative for Johnny Depp his career and personal style. Films like "Edward Scissorhands" (1990) and "Benny & Joon" (1993) saw Depp sporting various hair lengths and styles. But, his long, unkempt hair in "What's Eating Gilbert Grape" (1993) began to draw significant attention. This period marked the beginning of Johnny Depp long hair. which became a defining feature of his image.
The Iconic Roles: Hair as a Character Element
Edward Scissorhands (1990)
In "Edward Scissorhands," Johnny Depp's character had a wild and mane that complemented his ethereal and misunderstood persona. This role showcased how long hair Johnny Depp could enhance a character's depth and mystery.
Captain Jack Sparrow: The Pirate with Flowing Locks
One of Johnny Depp's iconic roles is Captain Jack Sparrow from the "Pirates of the Caribbean" series. Sparrow's long, dreadlocked hair symbolised his rebellious and unpredictable nature. The character's look, complete with beads and trinkets woven into his hair. was a collaboration between Depp and the film's costume designers. This style became iconic and influenced fashion trends and Halloween costumes worldwide.
Other Memorable Characters
Depp's long hair has also been featured in other roles, such as Ichabod Crane in "Sleepy Hollow" (1999). and Roux in "Chocolat" (2000). In these films, his hair added a layer of authenticity and depth to his characters. proving that Johnny Depp with long hair is more than a style—it's a storytelling tool.
Off-Screen Influenc
