Why Women_ _ FrontLines February_March 2011 _ U.S. Agency for International Mary Ellen Duke
The document discusses the importance of empowering and celebrating women in development. It notes that while women make up half the world's population, they are often excluded or absent from important decision-making roles. It argues that development efforts should focus on highlighting local female role models and success stories in order to empower other women and girls. The article profiles an educational leader in Swaziland named Busisiwe Mamba as an example of an unsung local heroine making an impact in her community. It also promotes celebrating the achievements of 11 female scientists in Mozambique who have broken barriers in agriculture.
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is committed to providing development assistance that improves the lives of women, men, and children around the world. USAID has a special interest in the advancement of women worldwide. Women’s health, education, economic opportunity and human rights are at the core of successful, stable societies and economic growth.
One of the fundamental principles of the Department of State/USAID strategic plan is that “all citizens, men and women, are vital to meeting the critical challenges of today and reaching the goals of equality, peace and security.” USAID’s commitment to the full inclusion of women dates back to 1973, when the United States Congress passed the “Percy Amendment” to the Foreign Assistance Act, requiring that particular attention be given to integrating women into national economies to improve the status of women and to assist the overall development effort.
Today, USAID embraces this goal, and seeks to understand the different needs of men and women, to improve the efficiency and overall impact of its programs, and to ensure that both women and men have equitable access to development activities and their benefits. This document profiles USAID efforts to address barriers to full access to opportunity for women and men throughout the developing world. The success stories are a testament to the progress women and men have made. The selected examples illustrate the many efforts made by the USAID field missions, the Office of Women in Development, and other operating units in USAID to fully integrate women into development programs and policies throughout USAID. It is important to note that women’s leadership is not treated as a separate category in this report, but is reflected in all the examples.
Women are becoming political leaders, grassroots leaders, leaders in their professions, leaders in their communities, and heads of households, especially in regions ravaged by HIV/AIDS and conflict, and are growing into leaders in many other ways. As a result, all USAID efforts to support women’s skills, opportunities and rights contribute to “women’s leadership.” WOMEN, MEN AND DEVELOPMENT 1
The document provides a synthesis of reports on the status of girl children in India conducted as part of Plan India's "Because I am a Girl" campaign. It summarizes the key discussions and outcomes from international and national forums related to girls' rights such as the Millennium Development Goals, Beijing Platform for Action, Commission on the Status of Women, and World Education Forum. It also provides an overview of the "Because I am a Girl" campaign and Plan India's initiatives to promote girls' education, health, and empowerment. Case studies showcase the positive impact of Plan India's work in communities.
The document summarizes the 7th Annual Youth Assembly at the United Nations, organized by the Friendship Ambassadors Foundation. The Youth Assembly brings together nearly 1000 global youth leaders to focus on youth-led development and the Millennium Development Goals through training, networking, workshops and cultural events. It aims to promote youth participation in achieving the UN's Millennium Development Goals and provide opportunities for leadership, idea sharing and global connections.
This document presents the Revised National Gender Policy of Belize. It summarizes Belize's commitments to international conventions promoting gender equality and outlines the policy's vision of a society where all people can achieve their full potential regardless of gender. The policy is guided by principles of human rights, gender equality, equity, women's empowerment, and respect for diversity. It aims to mainstream a gender perspective into all national policies and programs. The full policy document provides more detailed objectives and commitments related to health, education, wealth/employment, gender-based violence, and power/decision-making.
The document summarizes the educational programs and outcomes of Children International's Youth Program. It finds that 95% of participating children and youth enrolled and passed the previous school year, and the program promotes higher education, with active participants being more likely to attend a 1-4 year college or technical course. The program provides school supplies, fees and scholarships to help youth complete their education and overcome barriers to continuing their studies.
This document provides an overview and background information for the 2015 International Day of the Girl Child. It discusses how adolescent girls are often left behind and invisible in development efforts despite their potential. Investing in adolescent girls' health, education and empowerment promotes gender equality and benefits communities and future generations. The briefing book outlines UNICEF's messaging and asks partners to promote empowering adolescent girls and recognizing their power to transform the world.
Education is Empowerment - Contemporary Social Issues Media Project200253049
Girls in developing countries face barriers to education such as child marriage, motherhood, violence, and poverty. When girls are educated, they gain independence and economic opportunities. Organizations like 1GOAL and Malala Yousafzai advocate for girls' education to empower girls and boost countries' economies. Educating girls has wide-ranging benefits including improved health, delaying marriage and childbearing, and allowing girls to determine their own futures.
Why Women_ _ FrontLines February_March 2011 _ U.S. Agency for International Mary Ellen Duke
The document discusses the importance of empowering and celebrating women in development. It notes that while women make up half the world's population, they are often excluded or absent from important decision-making roles. It argues that development efforts should focus on highlighting local female role models and success stories in order to empower other women and girls. The article profiles an educational leader in Swaziland named Busisiwe Mamba as an example of an unsung local heroine making an impact in her community. It also promotes celebrating the achievements of 11 female scientists in Mozambique who have broken barriers in agriculture.
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is committed to providing development assistance that improves the lives of women, men, and children around the world. USAID has a special interest in the advancement of women worldwide. Women’s health, education, economic opportunity and human rights are at the core of successful, stable societies and economic growth.
One of the fundamental principles of the Department of State/USAID strategic plan is that “all citizens, men and women, are vital to meeting the critical challenges of today and reaching the goals of equality, peace and security.” USAID’s commitment to the full inclusion of women dates back to 1973, when the United States Congress passed the “Percy Amendment” to the Foreign Assistance Act, requiring that particular attention be given to integrating women into national economies to improve the status of women and to assist the overall development effort.
Today, USAID embraces this goal, and seeks to understand the different needs of men and women, to improve the efficiency and overall impact of its programs, and to ensure that both women and men have equitable access to development activities and their benefits. This document profiles USAID efforts to address barriers to full access to opportunity for women and men throughout the developing world. The success stories are a testament to the progress women and men have made. The selected examples illustrate the many efforts made by the USAID field missions, the Office of Women in Development, and other operating units in USAID to fully integrate women into development programs and policies throughout USAID. It is important to note that women’s leadership is not treated as a separate category in this report, but is reflected in all the examples.
Women are becoming political leaders, grassroots leaders, leaders in their professions, leaders in their communities, and heads of households, especially in regions ravaged by HIV/AIDS and conflict, and are growing into leaders in many other ways. As a result, all USAID efforts to support women’s skills, opportunities and rights contribute to “women’s leadership.” WOMEN, MEN AND DEVELOPMENT 1
The document provides a synthesis of reports on the status of girl children in India conducted as part of Plan India's "Because I am a Girl" campaign. It summarizes the key discussions and outcomes from international and national forums related to girls' rights such as the Millennium Development Goals, Beijing Platform for Action, Commission on the Status of Women, and World Education Forum. It also provides an overview of the "Because I am a Girl" campaign and Plan India's initiatives to promote girls' education, health, and empowerment. Case studies showcase the positive impact of Plan India's work in communities.
The document summarizes the 7th Annual Youth Assembly at the United Nations, organized by the Friendship Ambassadors Foundation. The Youth Assembly brings together nearly 1000 global youth leaders to focus on youth-led development and the Millennium Development Goals through training, networking, workshops and cultural events. It aims to promote youth participation in achieving the UN's Millennium Development Goals and provide opportunities for leadership, idea sharing and global connections.
This document presents the Revised National Gender Policy of Belize. It summarizes Belize's commitments to international conventions promoting gender equality and outlines the policy's vision of a society where all people can achieve their full potential regardless of gender. The policy is guided by principles of human rights, gender equality, equity, women's empowerment, and respect for diversity. It aims to mainstream a gender perspective into all national policies and programs. The full policy document provides more detailed objectives and commitments related to health, education, wealth/employment, gender-based violence, and power/decision-making.
The document summarizes the educational programs and outcomes of Children International's Youth Program. It finds that 95% of participating children and youth enrolled and passed the previous school year, and the program promotes higher education, with active participants being more likely to attend a 1-4 year college or technical course. The program provides school supplies, fees and scholarships to help youth complete their education and overcome barriers to continuing their studies.
This document provides an overview and background information for the 2015 International Day of the Girl Child. It discusses how adolescent girls are often left behind and invisible in development efforts despite their potential. Investing in adolescent girls' health, education and empowerment promotes gender equality and benefits communities and future generations. The briefing book outlines UNICEF's messaging and asks partners to promote empowering adolescent girls and recognizing their power to transform the world.
Education is Empowerment - Contemporary Social Issues Media Project200253049
Girls in developing countries face barriers to education such as child marriage, motherhood, violence, and poverty. When girls are educated, they gain independence and economic opportunities. Organizations like 1GOAL and Malala Yousafzai advocate for girls' education to empower girls and boost countries' economies. Educating girls has wide-ranging benefits including improved health, delaying marriage and childbearing, and allowing girls to determine their own futures.
Strengthening Filipino Students Towards GlobalizationMarlyn Allanigue
The document discusses the Philippine educational system and challenges faced by Filipino students. It notes that the Philippine constitution emphasizes free public education and the government is making efforts to improve the education system. However, there continue to be issues that limit access to education such as poverty, high dropout rates, lack of resources, and fees imposed in public schools. The document also outlines the rights and responsibilities of students as well as disciplinary actions that can be taken in schools.
THE BREAKTHROUGH STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ALL THE MDGS INVESTING IN WOMEN AND GIRLS THE BREAKTHROUGH STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ALL THE MDGS Based on a speech by Jon Lomoy, Director of the OECD’s Development Co-operation Directorate, at the Helsinki High-level Symposium, United Nations 2010 Development Co-operation Forum, 4 June 2010 KEEP GIRLS IN SCHOOL 1 I believe that investing in women and girls in itself constitutes a breakthrough strategy for achieving the MDGs, and that almost any investment we make in women and girls will have multiplier effects across the Goals —Helen Clark, UNDP Administrator, 25 March 2010. W ithout a great leap forward towards achieving greater equality between women and men and increased empowerment of women and girls, none of the MDGs will be achieved. It is time to back up political promises with the investments and resources needed to do the job. Investing in women and girls has a powerful impact. It will make the world a better place for all – both women and men. Helen Clark has called it the breakthrough strategy for achieving the MDGs. The challenge is to identify how and where donor money can fuel that breakthrough strategy. There are four key areas where increased investments and attention could have catalytic and multiplier impacts on the lives of women and girls – and of future generations: • Keep girls in school to complete a quality secondary education • Urgently improve reproductive health, including access to family planning services • Increase women’s control over productive and financial assets (not just microcredit), and • Identify and support women leaders at all levels. Studies have shown that women with even a few years of primary education have better economic prospects, have fewer and healthier children, and are more likely to ensure that their own children go to school. Development would be accelerated if girls were kept in school to complete a quality secondary education. Education of girls is one of the most powerful tools for women’s empowerment, but discrimination continues to keep girls out of school. • In 2007, only 53 of the 171 countries with available data had achieved gender parity in both primary and secondary education1 . • Secondary school enrolment is very low in sub-Saharan Africa (24 percent of girls and 33 percent of boys). That means that girls are missing out – particularly when they live in rural areas and in poor households. Removing school fees and providing financial incentives for girls to attend school have proven to be effective. At the same time we need to build schools closer to remote communities, ensure that schools have quality teachers and adequate sanitary facilities and that they are safe places for girls. 1. United Nations (2009). The Millennium Development Goals Report 2009
There are over 1.2 billion young people aged 15-24 globally, and volunteerism is an important mechanism for them to drive positive social change. Young people contribute over $35 billion annually through volunteer work and volunteering leads to higher employment rates. The UN established the UN Volunteers program in 1970 to promote volunteerism worldwide and advance the role of youth in development. Through this program, thousands of young people will support UN efforts and help realize their potential through volunteer work.
Global youth – islamic, canadian and bangladesh perspectiveTarek Ali
The document discusses global, Canadian, and Bangladeshi perspectives on youth. From a global perspective, the UN sees youth as critical actors in conflict prevention who are often excluded from political and social spheres. There are currently 1.8 billion young people worldwide, the largest in history. In Canada, issues facing youth include rising depression, bullying, and anxiety. Surveys found most Canadian youth feel optimistic about their futures but stressed. In Bangladesh, over half the population is youth, but they face challenges accessing education and employment. However, surveys found most Bangladeshi youth optimistic about their country's future. The document explores issues and perspectives from various sources.
The document discusses youth volunteerism and its importance. It notes that youth volunteerism is being used around the world and by the UN to address issues like female genital mutilation, increase civic engagement, and promote development. The UN encourages governments, organizations, and youth to promote volunteerism to empower young people and allow them to contribute to their communities and societies.
The document discusses youth participation and its importance. It notes that youth participation is a fundamental human right. The UN has recognized the importance of youth participation for many years through agreements like the World Programme of Action for Youth. However, more work is still needed to strengthen youth participation and involvement in decision making at all levels of society.
In December 2009, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 64/134 proclaiming the Year, signifying the importance the international community places on integrating youth-related issues into global, regional, and national development agendas. Under the theme Dialogue and Mutual Understanding, the Year aims to promote the ideals of peace, respect for human rights and solidarity across generations, cultures, religions and civilizations.
The Population Council conducts research to improve lives around the world. Their adolescent girls programs in Africa build social, health and economic assets for vulnerable girls through rigorous research studies and girls' programming. The document discusses research in Kenya, Zambia, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Burkina Faso and Senegal that provides girls with savings accounts, financial education and health training. It finds that building social, economic and health assets through these programs reduces girls' vulnerabilities and allows them to refuse unwanted sexual advances, become less dependent on men, and have emergency funds. The programs have been expanded to more locations based on these positive findings.
This document is a report from the UN Secretary-General to the Commission for Social Development on national youth programs and policies. It discusses three major issues facing youth globally - youth protests, unemployment, and violence against girls. It also provides an overview of the implementation of the World Programme of Action for Youth by UN member states and agencies, focusing on the 15 priority areas outlined in the program like education, employment, health, and participation of youth in decision-making. The report is based on responses from 10 member states and 22 UN agencies on their national initiatives to address the priority areas of the World Programme of Action for Youth.
Hit or miss? Women's rights and the Millennium Development GoalsAndy Dabydeen
This document discusses women's rights and progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals. It finds that women and girls are disproportionately impacted by poverty and are less likely than men to have access to education, health care, clean water and opportunities to earn a livable income. Unless barriers facing women and girls are specifically addressed, the goals to reduce poverty and hunger by 2015 will not be fully achieved. Advancing women's rights and empowerment is necessary from both an effectiveness and moral perspective to accelerate progress on the Millennium Development Goals.
The document provides Jamaica's Country Report on efforts to promote child participation from April 2008 to July 2010. It discusses Jamaica's commitment to child rights through ratifying the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1991 and passing the Child Care and Protection Act in 2004. It outlines the methodology used to gather information from government agencies and NGOs on their child participation activities. It also provides context on the situation of children in Jamaica and highlights various government entities and policies that support child participation.
The document summarizes the proceedings of the first day of the African Union Commission's regional training workshop on ending child marriage and harmful traditional practices. It was hosted by the government of Zambia in partnership with the AUC and UNFPA. The workshop brought together 64 participants from 19 countries to discuss challenges and strategies around issues like child marriage, female genital mutilation, and the role of stakeholders. Presentations covered topics such as the interlinkages between child marriage and FGM, challenges in different African countries, and the potential role of religious and traditional leaders in influencing communities to end these practices.
Social media has become deeply integrated into everyday life, with 70% of North Americans using Facebook, 50% using Instagram, 41% using Snapchat, and 33% using Twitter. Nearly 1/4 of teens are online almost constantly. While increased screen time can impact physical activity and sleep, social media also facilitates significant social good when used appropriately. Social media raises awareness, volunteers, and funds for organizations and causes through online campaigns. For example, the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge generated over $100 million for ALS, an 800% increase in donations. Social media campaigns are thus extremely effective in raising awareness and funds and should be encouraged to continue enabling positive change.
The document provides information on several community outreach programs housed at or partnered with Eastern Michigan University:
1) The Business Side of Youth (The B. Side) is a program that fosters entrepreneurship in local youth through business education and social enterprises like Digital Inclusion and Art Around Town.
2) Bright Futures is an afterschool and summer program serving local school districts to improve academic achievement and develop self-efficacy in students.
3) EMU Athletics involves over 500 student-athletes in community service, including supporting local charities and elementary schools.
This document is a training manual created by the World YWCA and UNFPA to empower young women to lead change in their communities. It was developed based on input from a resource group of young women leaders from around the world. The manual contains modules on key issues affecting young women such as HIV/AIDS, human rights, and economic justice. Each module provides information, workshop activities, and tools to help young women facilitate training and take action on the issues in their communities. The manual has been field tested in multiple countries to ensure it is practical and effective for diverse cultural settings. Its goal is to develop young women's leadership skills and catalyze positive change.
Female workers make up 43% of the agricultural workforce in developing countries and account for about two-thirds of the world's 600 million poor livestock keepers. In least developed countries, 79% of economically active women work in agriculture compared to 48% worldwide. Rural women also typically work longer hours than men when accounting for both paid work and unpaid domestic tasks. However, women often have less secure rights to land, smaller plots of lower quality land, and less access to inputs, technologies, and extension services than men. Closing the gender gap in access to resources and services could boost global food security by reducing the typical 20-30% lower yields seen among women farmers.
The present status report includes issues of rights to survival and development, these being health, early childhood development and education. A major section is devoted to child protection since the issues to be addressed are far too many. While there is a chapter dedicated to violence against children, separate chapters deal with child sexual abuse, juvenile justice, child labour and trafficking. The last two years have seen large scale de-housing of children and their families. As an addition this time we have included a section on right to adequate housing as it is a right that cuts across survival, development and protection issues. Given that a large number of children are growing in situations of emergency – human made or natural, it was critical to address their situation separately. Even as we write this report a new disaster has struck the country. Thousands have died or been rendered homeless in Jammu & Kashmir due to the earthquake. The rights of the disabled child have always been marginalised. But since little has changed since our last report, we have addressed issues of disability in the chapters on health and education.
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
1.Early Marriage
Early marriage is a marriage in which one or both partners were aged under year or enroll in senior high school. So, a marriage called early marriage, if both or one of the spouses were aged under 18 years (teenage)
2.Early marriage facts
were married before their 18th birthday.
If there is no reduction in child marriage, an additional 1.2 billion girls will be married by 2050.
Some child brides are as young as eight or nine.
Most adolescent pregnancies (90%) take place within marriage.
Pregnancy and childbirth complications are among the leading causes of death in girls aged 15 to 19 in low- and middle-income countries.
Early marriage: What does international law say?
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) prohibits child marriage.
Governments have committed to ensure the overall protection of children and young people aged under 18.
Solutions
Be selective in friends.
Improve the quality of worship and religious.
Follow the religious seminar
Keep personal purity of things that are forbidden in the religion.
Child marriage legitimizes human rights violations and abuses of girls under the guise of culture, honor, tradition, and religion. It continues a sequence of discrimination that begins at a girl’s birth and is reinforced in her community, in her marriage and which continues throughout her entire life. Child marriage, therefore, is a way of dealing with the perceived problems that girls represent for families, the problems that arise from the low value given to women and girls.
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
FaceBook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
1. The document outlines a lesson plan about early marriage that aims to teach students about the causes and effects of early marriage and ways to avoid it.
2. Some key objectives of the lesson are to determine the principal causes and effects of early marriage, strengthen the value of self-discipline, and cite ways to avoid early marriage.
3. The lesson plan includes motivational activities, a video clip about early marriage, discussions of the definition and causes and effects of early marriage, and evaluations to reinforce the lesson.
The document discusses marriage, outlining its definition and how it has changed over time. It used to involve tradition weddings where women married young, often without education, but now couples choose each other. Early marriage is still caused by tradition, pressure, and poverty. Solutions include open-minded parents, financial stability, and education.
The present study made an attempt to gain insights on determinants and psychosocial consequences of early marriage on rural women. Samples of 300 women who married early and have completed 5 to 15 years of married life were taken from 20 villages of district Bhilwara, Rajasthan as it has highest instances of child marriages. In depth investigation employed the use of interview, FGDs, observation and case study method. Research was based in district. Baseline Proforma and SES scale (self developed) was used to get the necessary details regarding the socio-economic status and demographic characteristics of respondents and their families. DEM scale (self developed), PSC Scale (self developed) and life satisfaction scale (Alam & Shrivastava, 1973) were used for data collection. Statistical test i.e. ‘z’ test, ANOVA, Regression & Pearson’s ‘r’ were applied to find out the results.
The findings of the study revealed that age at marriage is governed by various components of socio-economic status with traditions & customs, lack of education, childhood residence and castes. Effect of mass media was not found as hypothesized. Media is only meant for entertainment by rural people. The study also highlighted psycho-social consequences (PSC components) of early marriage. It was found that child marriage increases exploitation of girl child and loss of her adolescence along with denial of education & freedom, inadequate socialization & personal development and violence & abandonment. Access to contraception is highly correlated with age at marriage i.e. the lower the age at marriage lower the knowledge and less access of contraception.
The multiple regression analysis in predicting age at marriage and its determinants reveal that the Beta coefficient reflect the socio- economic status of the family and in which a girl belongs has more considerable contribution in terms of early marriage while traditions and customs follow the socio-cultural perseverance in predicting age at marriage. It is also depicted from the regression analysis that the ill consequences of early marriage in earlier ages have more awful effects on girl child. On the whole, it was found that early marriage itself means exploitation of girl child and loss of adolescence. This factor is highly significant in all studied age groups. They are treated as homely bird which means confined to four walls of house. Overall dissatisfaction level is high with the respondents who get married at the early age. There are significant correlation found between determinants and psycho-social consequences of early marriage and inter-correlation among LS and SES components.
Strengthening Filipino Students Towards GlobalizationMarlyn Allanigue
The document discusses the Philippine educational system and challenges faced by Filipino students. It notes that the Philippine constitution emphasizes free public education and the government is making efforts to improve the education system. However, there continue to be issues that limit access to education such as poverty, high dropout rates, lack of resources, and fees imposed in public schools. The document also outlines the rights and responsibilities of students as well as disciplinary actions that can be taken in schools.
THE BREAKTHROUGH STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ALL THE MDGS INVESTING IN WOMEN AND GIRLS THE BREAKTHROUGH STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ALL THE MDGS Based on a speech by Jon Lomoy, Director of the OECD’s Development Co-operation Directorate, at the Helsinki High-level Symposium, United Nations 2010 Development Co-operation Forum, 4 June 2010 KEEP GIRLS IN SCHOOL 1 I believe that investing in women and girls in itself constitutes a breakthrough strategy for achieving the MDGs, and that almost any investment we make in women and girls will have multiplier effects across the Goals —Helen Clark, UNDP Administrator, 25 March 2010. W ithout a great leap forward towards achieving greater equality between women and men and increased empowerment of women and girls, none of the MDGs will be achieved. It is time to back up political promises with the investments and resources needed to do the job. Investing in women and girls has a powerful impact. It will make the world a better place for all – both women and men. Helen Clark has called it the breakthrough strategy for achieving the MDGs. The challenge is to identify how and where donor money can fuel that breakthrough strategy. There are four key areas where increased investments and attention could have catalytic and multiplier impacts on the lives of women and girls – and of future generations: • Keep girls in school to complete a quality secondary education • Urgently improve reproductive health, including access to family planning services • Increase women’s control over productive and financial assets (not just microcredit), and • Identify and support women leaders at all levels. Studies have shown that women with even a few years of primary education have better economic prospects, have fewer and healthier children, and are more likely to ensure that their own children go to school. Development would be accelerated if girls were kept in school to complete a quality secondary education. Education of girls is one of the most powerful tools for women’s empowerment, but discrimination continues to keep girls out of school. • In 2007, only 53 of the 171 countries with available data had achieved gender parity in both primary and secondary education1 . • Secondary school enrolment is very low in sub-Saharan Africa (24 percent of girls and 33 percent of boys). That means that girls are missing out – particularly when they live in rural areas and in poor households. Removing school fees and providing financial incentives for girls to attend school have proven to be effective. At the same time we need to build schools closer to remote communities, ensure that schools have quality teachers and adequate sanitary facilities and that they are safe places for girls. 1. United Nations (2009). The Millennium Development Goals Report 2009
There are over 1.2 billion young people aged 15-24 globally, and volunteerism is an important mechanism for them to drive positive social change. Young people contribute over $35 billion annually through volunteer work and volunteering leads to higher employment rates. The UN established the UN Volunteers program in 1970 to promote volunteerism worldwide and advance the role of youth in development. Through this program, thousands of young people will support UN efforts and help realize their potential through volunteer work.
Global youth – islamic, canadian and bangladesh perspectiveTarek Ali
The document discusses global, Canadian, and Bangladeshi perspectives on youth. From a global perspective, the UN sees youth as critical actors in conflict prevention who are often excluded from political and social spheres. There are currently 1.8 billion young people worldwide, the largest in history. In Canada, issues facing youth include rising depression, bullying, and anxiety. Surveys found most Canadian youth feel optimistic about their futures but stressed. In Bangladesh, over half the population is youth, but they face challenges accessing education and employment. However, surveys found most Bangladeshi youth optimistic about their country's future. The document explores issues and perspectives from various sources.
The document discusses youth volunteerism and its importance. It notes that youth volunteerism is being used around the world and by the UN to address issues like female genital mutilation, increase civic engagement, and promote development. The UN encourages governments, organizations, and youth to promote volunteerism to empower young people and allow them to contribute to their communities and societies.
The document discusses youth participation and its importance. It notes that youth participation is a fundamental human right. The UN has recognized the importance of youth participation for many years through agreements like the World Programme of Action for Youth. However, more work is still needed to strengthen youth participation and involvement in decision making at all levels of society.
In December 2009, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 64/134 proclaiming the Year, signifying the importance the international community places on integrating youth-related issues into global, regional, and national development agendas. Under the theme Dialogue and Mutual Understanding, the Year aims to promote the ideals of peace, respect for human rights and solidarity across generations, cultures, religions and civilizations.
The Population Council conducts research to improve lives around the world. Their adolescent girls programs in Africa build social, health and economic assets for vulnerable girls through rigorous research studies and girls' programming. The document discusses research in Kenya, Zambia, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Burkina Faso and Senegal that provides girls with savings accounts, financial education and health training. It finds that building social, economic and health assets through these programs reduces girls' vulnerabilities and allows them to refuse unwanted sexual advances, become less dependent on men, and have emergency funds. The programs have been expanded to more locations based on these positive findings.
This document is a report from the UN Secretary-General to the Commission for Social Development on national youth programs and policies. It discusses three major issues facing youth globally - youth protests, unemployment, and violence against girls. It also provides an overview of the implementation of the World Programme of Action for Youth by UN member states and agencies, focusing on the 15 priority areas outlined in the program like education, employment, health, and participation of youth in decision-making. The report is based on responses from 10 member states and 22 UN agencies on their national initiatives to address the priority areas of the World Programme of Action for Youth.
Hit or miss? Women's rights and the Millennium Development GoalsAndy Dabydeen
This document discusses women's rights and progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals. It finds that women and girls are disproportionately impacted by poverty and are less likely than men to have access to education, health care, clean water and opportunities to earn a livable income. Unless barriers facing women and girls are specifically addressed, the goals to reduce poverty and hunger by 2015 will not be fully achieved. Advancing women's rights and empowerment is necessary from both an effectiveness and moral perspective to accelerate progress on the Millennium Development Goals.
The document provides Jamaica's Country Report on efforts to promote child participation from April 2008 to July 2010. It discusses Jamaica's commitment to child rights through ratifying the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1991 and passing the Child Care and Protection Act in 2004. It outlines the methodology used to gather information from government agencies and NGOs on their child participation activities. It also provides context on the situation of children in Jamaica and highlights various government entities and policies that support child participation.
The document summarizes the proceedings of the first day of the African Union Commission's regional training workshop on ending child marriage and harmful traditional practices. It was hosted by the government of Zambia in partnership with the AUC and UNFPA. The workshop brought together 64 participants from 19 countries to discuss challenges and strategies around issues like child marriage, female genital mutilation, and the role of stakeholders. Presentations covered topics such as the interlinkages between child marriage and FGM, challenges in different African countries, and the potential role of religious and traditional leaders in influencing communities to end these practices.
Social media has become deeply integrated into everyday life, with 70% of North Americans using Facebook, 50% using Instagram, 41% using Snapchat, and 33% using Twitter. Nearly 1/4 of teens are online almost constantly. While increased screen time can impact physical activity and sleep, social media also facilitates significant social good when used appropriately. Social media raises awareness, volunteers, and funds for organizations and causes through online campaigns. For example, the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge generated over $100 million for ALS, an 800% increase in donations. Social media campaigns are thus extremely effective in raising awareness and funds and should be encouraged to continue enabling positive change.
The document provides information on several community outreach programs housed at or partnered with Eastern Michigan University:
1) The Business Side of Youth (The B. Side) is a program that fosters entrepreneurship in local youth through business education and social enterprises like Digital Inclusion and Art Around Town.
2) Bright Futures is an afterschool and summer program serving local school districts to improve academic achievement and develop self-efficacy in students.
3) EMU Athletics involves over 500 student-athletes in community service, including supporting local charities and elementary schools.
This document is a training manual created by the World YWCA and UNFPA to empower young women to lead change in their communities. It was developed based on input from a resource group of young women leaders from around the world. The manual contains modules on key issues affecting young women such as HIV/AIDS, human rights, and economic justice. Each module provides information, workshop activities, and tools to help young women facilitate training and take action on the issues in their communities. The manual has been field tested in multiple countries to ensure it is practical and effective for diverse cultural settings. Its goal is to develop young women's leadership skills and catalyze positive change.
Female workers make up 43% of the agricultural workforce in developing countries and account for about two-thirds of the world's 600 million poor livestock keepers. In least developed countries, 79% of economically active women work in agriculture compared to 48% worldwide. Rural women also typically work longer hours than men when accounting for both paid work and unpaid domestic tasks. However, women often have less secure rights to land, smaller plots of lower quality land, and less access to inputs, technologies, and extension services than men. Closing the gender gap in access to resources and services could boost global food security by reducing the typical 20-30% lower yields seen among women farmers.
The present status report includes issues of rights to survival and development, these being health, early childhood development and education. A major section is devoted to child protection since the issues to be addressed are far too many. While there is a chapter dedicated to violence against children, separate chapters deal with child sexual abuse, juvenile justice, child labour and trafficking. The last two years have seen large scale de-housing of children and their families. As an addition this time we have included a section on right to adequate housing as it is a right that cuts across survival, development and protection issues. Given that a large number of children are growing in situations of emergency – human made or natural, it was critical to address their situation separately. Even as we write this report a new disaster has struck the country. Thousands have died or been rendered homeless in Jammu & Kashmir due to the earthquake. The rights of the disabled child have always been marginalised. But since little has changed since our last report, we have addressed issues of disability in the chapters on health and education.
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
1.Early Marriage
Early marriage is a marriage in which one or both partners were aged under year or enroll in senior high school. So, a marriage called early marriage, if both or one of the spouses were aged under 18 years (teenage)
2.Early marriage facts
were married before their 18th birthday.
If there is no reduction in child marriage, an additional 1.2 billion girls will be married by 2050.
Some child brides are as young as eight or nine.
Most adolescent pregnancies (90%) take place within marriage.
Pregnancy and childbirth complications are among the leading causes of death in girls aged 15 to 19 in low- and middle-income countries.
Early marriage: What does international law say?
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) prohibits child marriage.
Governments have committed to ensure the overall protection of children and young people aged under 18.
Solutions
Be selective in friends.
Improve the quality of worship and religious.
Follow the religious seminar
Keep personal purity of things that are forbidden in the religion.
Child marriage legitimizes human rights violations and abuses of girls under the guise of culture, honor, tradition, and religion. It continues a sequence of discrimination that begins at a girl’s birth and is reinforced in her community, in her marriage and which continues throughout her entire life. Child marriage, therefore, is a way of dealing with the perceived problems that girls represent for families, the problems that arise from the low value given to women and girls.
HAQ: Center for Child Rights
B1/2, Ground Floor,
Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017
Tel: +91-26677412,26673599
Fax: +91-26674688
Website: www.haqcrc.org
FaceBook Page: https://www.facebook.com/HaqCentreForChildRights
1. The document outlines a lesson plan about early marriage that aims to teach students about the causes and effects of early marriage and ways to avoid it.
2. Some key objectives of the lesson are to determine the principal causes and effects of early marriage, strengthen the value of self-discipline, and cite ways to avoid early marriage.
3. The lesson plan includes motivational activities, a video clip about early marriage, discussions of the definition and causes and effects of early marriage, and evaluations to reinforce the lesson.
The document discusses marriage, outlining its definition and how it has changed over time. It used to involve tradition weddings where women married young, often without education, but now couples choose each other. Early marriage is still caused by tradition, pressure, and poverty. Solutions include open-minded parents, financial stability, and education.
The present study made an attempt to gain insights on determinants and psychosocial consequences of early marriage on rural women. Samples of 300 women who married early and have completed 5 to 15 years of married life were taken from 20 villages of district Bhilwara, Rajasthan as it has highest instances of child marriages. In depth investigation employed the use of interview, FGDs, observation and case study method. Research was based in district. Baseline Proforma and SES scale (self developed) was used to get the necessary details regarding the socio-economic status and demographic characteristics of respondents and their families. DEM scale (self developed), PSC Scale (self developed) and life satisfaction scale (Alam & Shrivastava, 1973) were used for data collection. Statistical test i.e. ‘z’ test, ANOVA, Regression & Pearson’s ‘r’ were applied to find out the results.
The findings of the study revealed that age at marriage is governed by various components of socio-economic status with traditions & customs, lack of education, childhood residence and castes. Effect of mass media was not found as hypothesized. Media is only meant for entertainment by rural people. The study also highlighted psycho-social consequences (PSC components) of early marriage. It was found that child marriage increases exploitation of girl child and loss of her adolescence along with denial of education & freedom, inadequate socialization & personal development and violence & abandonment. Access to contraception is highly correlated with age at marriage i.e. the lower the age at marriage lower the knowledge and less access of contraception.
The multiple regression analysis in predicting age at marriage and its determinants reveal that the Beta coefficient reflect the socio- economic status of the family and in which a girl belongs has more considerable contribution in terms of early marriage while traditions and customs follow the socio-cultural perseverance in predicting age at marriage. It is also depicted from the regression analysis that the ill consequences of early marriage in earlier ages have more awful effects on girl child. On the whole, it was found that early marriage itself means exploitation of girl child and loss of adolescence. This factor is highly significant in all studied age groups. They are treated as homely bird which means confined to four walls of house. Overall dissatisfaction level is high with the respondents who get married at the early age. There are significant correlation found between determinants and psycho-social consequences of early marriage and inter-correlation among LS and SES components.
Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A statistical overview and exploration of ...UNICEF Publications
Over the last two decades, reliable data on FGM/C have been generated through two major sources: the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), supported by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), supported by UNICEF. The new UNICEF report reviews all available DHS and MICS data and presents the most comprehensive compilation to date of statistics and analyses on FGM/C. It covers all 29 countries in Africa and the Middle East where FGM/C is concentrated and includes, for the first time, statistics from countries where representative survey data were lacking. The report highlights trends across countries, and it examines differentials in prevalence according to social, economic, demographic and other variables. The findings add crucial evidence that sheds further light on how abandonment of harmful social norms can be accelerated.
At the end of the presentation, the participants will be able to:
Appreciate the call for the prevention of Teenage Pregnancy.
Know the causes and effects of Teenage Pregnancy
Apply the available collaborative approaches in the prevention of Teenage Pregnancy
This document outlines Rotary International's 2021-22 presidential initiative to empower girls worldwide through enhancing their safety, health, education, and well-being. It begins by explaining the benefits of empowering girls, such as reducing poverty and increasing economic growth. It then details many challenges girls face, such as sex selection, lack of access to education and healthcare, child marriage, and violence. Finally, it provides suggestions for how Rotary clubs can get involved through local community projects that address challenges faced by girls.
This document provides a status report on Wings 2014, which is a report on the world of girls in India published by Save the Children. Some key points:
- Save the Children works to protect children's rights in 120 countries including 16 states in India. Their goal is to inspire changes in how the world treats children and achieve lasting improvements to children's lives.
- The report aims to provide an in-depth look at the complex world that India's 225 million girls grow up in, which is shaped by both tradition and rapid modernization.
- While girls' aspirations have increased with greater access to education and media, societal responses have not kept pace. Issues like abuse, sex-selective abortion, and
The document discusses the plight and power of girls around the world. It explains that girls face barriers to survival and development simply because of their gender, with many not receiving education or facing discrimination. However, it also discusses the power girls have to uplift themselves and their communities when their rights are respected and they have access to necessities like education, healthcare, clean water and support. It promotes the International Day of the Girl as an opportunity to advocate for girls' rights and provides ways to get involved in supporting girls globally.
- Teenage pregnancy is a growing public health issue, with 16 million adolescent girls becoming mothers each year in low and middle income countries. It can have serious medical risks for both mother and baby.
- Social factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy include lack of parental guidance, lack of sex education and access to contraception, cultural pressures, and early marriage. Ensuring girls receive an education through adolescence reduces risks of early pregnancy and marriage.
- Government programs in Malaysia aim to support teenage mothers by providing schooling, healthcare, job training, and adoption services to help break the cycle of poverty. Educating both youth and parents is key to addressing this complex issue.
- Teenage pregnancy is a growing public health issue, with 16 million adolescent girls becoming mothers each year in low and middle income countries. It can have serious medical risks for both mother and baby.
- Social factors that contribute to teenage pregnancy include lack of parental guidance, lack of sex education and access to contraception, cultural pressures, and early marriage. Ensuring girls receive a full education is key to empowering them to delay childbearing.
- Government programs in Malaysia aim to support teenage mothers by providing schooling and vocational training, while also maintaining their confidentiality and right to continue their education. International organizations are working with governments to address the underlying social and economic causes of early pregnancy.
Family planning for Girls: The get it right checklist.Girl Effect
The FP2020 commitments were bold and ambitious. This checklist can help us all achieve them.
In summer 2012, donors, policy makers and implementing partners gathered at the London Summit on Family Planning. The outcome was FP2020 - a political and financial commitment to provide 120 million underserved girls and women with the opportunity to freely, reliably and safely use modern contraception by 2020. It was an ambitious goal. This checklist can help us all achieve it.
The Coalition for Adolescent Girls was founded six years ago by the United Nations and Nike Foundation to provide equal access to education, employment, and healthcare for the world's 600 million girls. It focuses on collecting facts about how empowering girls benefits communities and identifying actions to promote change. The coalition's website is a resource for youth developers, providing comprehensive research on girls in developing countries and a compilation of reports from different organizations. It also features advocacy plans and is a useful starting point for research related to girls and poverty in developing nations.
Marry Me, Later: Ending Child Marriage in IndiaDasra
This document discusses child marriage in India and opportunities to address it. Some key points:
- Close to half of girls in India are married before age 18, denying them health, education and other rights.
- Efforts over the past decade have brought greater recognition and government action on the issue. However, child marriage remains underfunded and sustains intergenerational poverty and social issues.
- The report identifies priority intervention areas like education, vocational training, and empowering gatekeepers and recommends 30 high-potential non-profits working in this space. Increased funding and support is needed to scale effective programs that empower girls and reduce child marriage.
The document discusses the importance and potential of education. It outlines how education can improve health, create economic opportunities, build infrastructure and create more teachers. It also discusses initiatives by organizations like UNICEF, the World Bank and others to promote education accessibility and gender equality in education.
With the 2015 target date for the Millennium Development Goals and Education For All fast approaching, the
issue of out-of-school children is more important than ever for countries in West and Central Africa. Since
2000, the number of out-of-school children was on a downward trend, however, since 2008 these figures
have not moved; the burden for countries in the region has increased dramatically for they are now home
to more than a third of the world’s out-of-school children. Based on the latest household surveys from 21
countries in the region, this study reports that there are nearly 32 million children of official school age who
are not attending either primary or lower secondary school. A further 17 million school children who are at risk
of dropping out could be added to this figure. These statistics, which show the magnitude of the situation, fail
to take into account the hardships associated with this situation for families and the huge loss for the region
and society as a whole.
This study aims to shed some light on the scale and mechanisms of exclusion in the region, and to bring to
the fore a number of tools and resources that are available to promote the educational inclusion of all children.
To enable all children, even the most marginalized, to have access to basic quality education, we need to
think creatively and make use of all the resources at our disposal. It is imperative that the fight against all
forms of exclusion is coordinated and concerted. Indeed, without mass mobilization of all stakeholders and a
comprehensive strategy, it will not be possible to effectively address all forms of school exclusion. However,
only a truly inclusive education system has the capacity to build a knowledge-based society, which the region
urgently needs for its future. The international community has a decisive role to play in supporting the efforts
of these countries to develop an inclusive education system.
The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has a specific responsibility to encourage and help all children
deprived of education. The main priority, in collaboration with all stakeholders, remains the enrolment of all
out-of-school children as quickly as possible. There are just two years left for us to achieve the collective
commitments to which we agreed in 2000; we must therefore have the strength and determination to take
the most appropriate actions that will enable all children to fully exercise their right to a quality education.
1. According to statistics from the World Bank and UN, hundreds of millions of children worldwide lack access to education due to poverty, with girls disproportionately affected.
2. Several organizations were founded to address this issue through sustainable programs that provide educational access combined with skills training. These include CDI, Free the Children, and Pratham.
3. These organizations began as small, local initiatives and grew significantly through community-focused programs and volunteer networks to impact millions of children worldwide in their pursuit of universal education.
Small-Education for All-Abby Annabelle IrisAmanda DeCardy
The document discusses issues around limited access to education globally and in the Philippines specifically. It notes that 30% of high school students don't graduate in the US, 60 million girls worldwide do not get an education, and 100 million people do not get a chance to go to school. In the Philippines, 600,000 people are not attending school. The document advocates for improving access to education for all and provides statistics on current levels of literacy and school enrollment globally and in the Philippines.
Education provides significant benefits to individuals, societies, and the world. It enables people to gain skills and knowledge that allow them to earn more money and live better lives. However, many parts of the world still face problems in ensuring universal access to education, especially for girls. Issues include inadequate funding, lack of schools and teachers, and costs of attending school. To address these problems, initiatives aim to increase attendance, promote equal access for boys and girls through scholarships, and reduce class sizes.
A power point presentation on girl education with wonderful images,information and quotes.
Ping me at Twitter (https://twitter.com/rishabh_kanth), to Download this Presentation.
Co-author.
This Framework responds to the demands of country leaders, partners, and
youth organizations worldwide, for the Bank to generate new ‘evidence-based’ knowledge for the benefit of children
and youth—especially in the areas of economic and social benefits, costs, and the impact of investment—and to shape
subsequent policy responses across the development spectrum. Through wide consultation at country, regional and
global levels, the Framework also reflects the broad priorities identified by young people from every continent.
The Framework reflects years of operational experience by the World Bank and its partners in helping improve the
lives of young people through the more traditional means of Education, Health, Social Protection, and overall poverty
reduction. This accumulated body of evidence allows us to know what works, and how best to scale up these interventions.
However, it also highlights our gaps in knowledge and resources, and where we need a more integrated and
cross-sectoral approach to develop policies and interventions that can make a difference in tackling the development
issues facing children and youth today that have, thus far, proven hardest to solve.
Progress for Children: A report card on adolescents provides an overview of the situation of adolescents in the developing world and beyond: who they are, where they live and how their needs are – and are not – being met. The analysis derives from a wealth of data from household surveys, including the UNICEF-supported Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS). The report finds that adolescents remain vulnerable in critical areas, despite having benefited earlier in their lives from programmes and policies for younger children. It makes a compelling case for increased efforts in advocacy, programming and policy to realize the rights of adolescents and fulfil the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Progress for Children: A report card on adolescents is the tenth in a UNICEF series that examines progress towards the MDGs for children.
This power point is an introduction to the challenges faced by women in today's world, and particularly in developing and post conflict countries. WCI addresses these challenges through its various advocacy and training programs which are discussed in the second half.
The document provides guidance on designing effective programmes that target adolescent girls. It discusses gathering data to understand which girls to target and why, selecting appropriate venues and delivery methods, and developing relevant programme content. Regarding content, the document stresses listening to girls, focusing on their needs rather than problems, and including best practices while also building girls' assets in areas like social networks, skills, health, and financial literacy. Effective programmes are girl-centred and evidence-based.
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
2. 2 | girleffect.org
3. Introduction
4. child marriage and early childbirth
10. age at first birth
15. ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
19. EDUCATION
25. HEALTH AND SAFETY
30. sources
contents
2 | girleffect.org
3. 3 | girleffect.org
introduction
We know girls are the key to changing the world. But sometimes people need
convincing. So let’s convince them.
Here are stats and sources you can take away and use in presentations and
campaigns to unleash the girl effect and empower girls to change their world.
3 | girleffect.org
7. Child brides have
twice the pregnancy
death rate
of women in
their 20s
Source 1.3
WOMEN
IN THEIR
20s
CHILD
BRIDEs
3
7 | girleffect.org
8. it is estimated
that one-third
of girls in the
developing
world will be
married before
the age of 18Source 1.4
4
8 | girleffect.org
9. Girls from
poor families
are nearly
twice as likely
to marry
before 18 than
girls from
wealthier
families
Source 1.5
RICH
GIRLS
poor
GIRLS
5
9 | girleffect.org
13. Girls between
the ages of
10 and 14 are
five times more
likely to die in
pregnancy or
childbirth
than women
aged 20 to 24
3
Source 2.3
women AGEd
20 - 24
girls AGEd
10 - 14
13 | girleffect.org
14. The infant of a
mother under 18
has a 60% greater
risk of dying
in its first year
than the infant
of a mother
over 19
4
Source 2.4
risk of death
infant
of mother
over 19
infant
of mother
under 18
14 | girleffect.org
16. Closing the joblessness
gap between girls and
their male counterparts
would yield an increase
in GDP of up to 1.2%
in a single year
1
Source 3.1
+1.2%
gdp
16 | girleffect.org
17. An extra year of primary
school education boosts
girls’ eventual wages by
10–20%. An extra year of
secondary school adds
15–25%
2
Source 3.2
17 | girleffect.org
18. Giving women the same
access to non-land
resources and services
as men could reduce
the number of hungry
people in the world by
100-150 million
3
Source 3.3
18 | girleffect.org
20. When a girl in the
developing world
receives seven years of
education, she marries
four years later and has
2.2 fewer children
1
Source 4.1
20 | girleffect.org
21. Secondary school
completion rates
for adolescent
girls are below 5%
in 19 sub-Saharan
African countries
2
Source 4.2
SCHOOL
COMPLETION
rate (%)
5%
21 | girleffect.org
22. In sub-Saharan
Africa, fewer than one
in five girls make it
to secondary school
3
Source 4.3
22 | girleffect.org
23. 4
Source 4.4
Girls who stay in school during adolescence…
… than their age peers who are out of school
have a later sexual debut
are less likely to be
subjected to forced sex
If sexually active,
are more likely to use
contraception
23 | girleffect.org
26. Worldwide, nearly 50%
of all sexual assaults
are against girls aged
15 years or younger
1
Source 5.1
26 | girleffect.org
27. Among those whose
first experience of
sexual intercourse
was forced, 31%
were less than 15
years old at the
time. Another
14% were aged
between 15 and 17
2
Source 5.2
15-17
YEars
old
UNDER
15
18 AND
OVER
27 | girleffect.org
28. Worldwide, More
than 60% of
young people
living with HIV
are girls, a total
of 3.2 million
3
Source 5.3
60%
28 | girleffect.org
29. Each year, an estimated
three million girls
experience genital
mutilation or cutting
4
Source 5.4
3,000,000 girls
29 | girleffect.org
30. CHILD MARRIAGE
1.1 ‘Supporting Married Girls: Calling Attention to a Neglected Group’, Population
Council 2007, http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/TABriefs/GFD_Brief-3_
MarriedGirls.pdf
1.2 ‘The State of the World’s Children 2007’, UNICEF 2007 pp.4, 12. Retrieved
25 March 2011 from http://www.unicef.org/sowc07/docs/sowc07.pdf>. www.
girlsnotbrides.org
1.3 Bruce, Judith. Reaching The Girls Left Behind: Targeting Adolescent
Programming for Equity, Social Inclusion, Health, and Poverty Alleviation.
Prepared for: ‘Financing Gender Equality; a Commonwealth Perspective,’
Commonwealth Women’s Affairs Ministers’ Meeting, Uganda, June 2007, http://
www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/Bruce2007CommonwealthFullText.pdf
1.4 ‘The State of the World’s Children 2011’, UNICEF 2010. Retrieved Aug 29
2012 from http://www.unicef.org.uk/Documents/Publication-pdfs/sowc2011.
pdf
1.5 ICRW 2007 – Knot Ready, p9. Accessed on Aug 30 2012, http://www.icrw.
org/files/publications/Knot-Ready-Lessons-from-India-on-Delaying-Marriage-
for-Girls.pdf
age at first BIRTH
2.1 Bruce, Judith. Reaching The Girls Left Behind: Targeting Adolescent
Programming for Equity, Social Inclusion, Health, and Poverty Alleviation.
Prepared for: ‘Financing Gender Equality; a Commonwealth Perspective,’
Commonwealth Women’s Affairs Ministers’ Meeting, Uganda, June 2007, http://
www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/Bruce2007_Commonwealth_FullText.pdf
2.2 Source: Patton, G.C., et al. “Global Patterns of Mortality in Young People.”
The Lancet 374.9693 (2009): 881-892. Retrieved from http://download.
thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673609607418.pdf?id=e1624139
8b8eb460:61453979:12f087a24d6:-14711301520582196
2.3 ‘Fact Sheets: Young People’, UNFPA. Retrieved 28 March 2011 from http://
www.unfpa.org/public/factsheets
2.4 ‘Why is giving special attention to adolescents important for achieving
Millennium Development Goal 5?’, World Health Organization 2008. Retrieved 28
March 2011 from http://www.who.int/making_pregnancy_safer/events/2008/
mdg5/adolescent_preg.pdf
ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
3.1 Source: Chaaban, Jad and Wendy Cunningham. ‘Measuring the Economic
Gain of Investing in Girls: the girl effect dividend’, World Bank 2011, http://econ.
worldbank.org/external/default/main?entityID=000158349_20110808092702
&pagePK=64165259
3.2 Psacharopoulos, George, and Harry Anthony Patrinos. ‘Returns to
Investment in Education: A Further Update’, World Bank. Education Economics
(2002) 12.2: (111-34). Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/
EDUCATION/Resources/278200-1099079877269/
547664-1099079934475/547667-1135281504040/Returns_Investment_Edu.
pdf
3.3 Chaaban, Jad and Wendy Cunningham. ‘Measuring the Economic Gain
of Investing in Girls: the girl effect dividend’, World Bank 2011, http://econ.
worldbank.org/external/default/main?entityID=000158349_20110808092702
&pagePK=64165259
EDUCATION
4.1 Levine, Ruth, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Margaret Greene, and Caren Grown. Girls
Count a Global Investment & Action Agenda: A Girls Count Report on Adolescent
Girls’, Center for Global Development. Girls Count, 2009, http://www.cgdev.org/
files/15154_file_GC_2009_Final_web.pdf
4.2 Lloyd, Cynthia and Juliet Young. ‘New Lessons: The Power of Educating
Adolescent Girls’. Population Council 2009 pp. 23. Retrieved 25 March 2011 from
http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/2009PGY_NewLessons.pdf
4.3 Rihani, May. ‘Keeping the Promise: Five Benefits of Girls’ Secondary
Education’, Academy for Educational Development: Center for Gender Equity
2006. Retrieved from http://www.aed.org/Publications/upload/Girls-Ed-Final.
pdf
4.4 Levine, Ruth, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Margaret Greene, and Caren Grown. Girls
Count a Global Investment & Action Agenda: A Girls Count Report on Adolescent
Girls. Center for Global Development. Girls Count, 2009, http://www.cgdev.org/
files/15154_file_GC_2009_Final_web.pdf
4.5 ‘The World’s Women 2010: Trends and Statistics’, The United Nations
Statistics Division 2010. Retrieved from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/
demographic/products/Worldswomen/WW2010pub.htm
HEALTH and SAFETY
5.1 Garcia-Moreno, Claudia; Jansen, Henrica; Ellsberg, Mary; Lori Heise and
Charlotte Watts. ‘Multi-Country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence
Against Women’. World Health Organization 2005. Retrieved from http://
whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2005/924159358X_eng.pdf
5.2 ‘WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence
against Women’, World Health Organization 2005. Retrieved from http://
www.who.int/gender/violence/who_multicountry_study/summary_report/
summary_report_English2.pdf
5.3 ‘Progress for Children: Achieving the MDGs with equity’. UNICEF 2010 pp.
30. Retrieved 29 March 2011 from http://www.unicef.org/immunization/files/
Progress_for_Children-No.9_EN_081710.pdf
5.4 ‘Women’s and Children’s Rights: Making the Connection’. UNFPA, UNICEF
2010 pp. 53. Retrieved 17 March 2011 from http://www.unfpa.org/webdav/site/
global/shared/documents/publications/2011/Women-Children_final.pdf
SOURCES
30 | girleffect.org
31. ADOLESCENT GIRLS HAVE THE
POWER TO END WORLD POVERTY.
WE CALL IT THE GIRL EFFECT.
GET INSPIRATION AND TOOLS
TO UNLEASH THE GIRL EFFECT AT
GIRLEFFECT.ORG
31 | girleffect.org