The document describes the history and current state of the U.S. healthcare system. It discusses the system evolving over 4 stages from the 1800s to present day. Key programs like Medicare, Medicaid, and HMOs are examined. Issues facing the system include limited access, geographic barriers, rising costs driven by new technologies, and political challenges unifying coverage for all Americans.

1. The United State Health Care
System
Pablo Botella Lucena
Yolanda Escura González

2. INDEX
I. DESCRIPTION OF THE HEALTH CARE
SYSTEM
II. HEALTH STATUS OF THE UNITED
STATES POPULATION
III. CURRENT HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
ISSUES
IV. SUMMARY

3. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
4 Stages
 Table 1
 1º Stage
 During 1800
 Massachusetts General Hospital
 0 Technology

4. Table 1

5. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
2º Stage(1900)
 Adoption of the scientific method and practice
emphasis.
 Workers’ compensation
 In 1935
 Social Security Act
 JCAH-JCAHO

6. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
3º Stage(1940s)
 Hill-Burton Act
 National Institutes of Health
 Specialization
 Medicare and Medicaid

7. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
4 Stage
 Health Planning and Resources Development
Act
 (CON)
 (HMO)

8. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
HOSPITAL SUBSYSTEM
 Community and non-community hospitals.
 Table 2
 Table 3
 American Hospital Association
 Network

9. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
LONG-TERM CARE SERVICES
 Nursing Homes
 Home Health Services
 Adult Day Care
 Assisted Living Facilities

10. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE HEALTH
CARE SYSTEM
HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL
 Health Services Administrators
 Physicians
 Registered Nurses
 Pharmacists
 Physician Assistants and Nurse Practitioners
 Conclusion
Demand of health services will increase in the next decade. Because of
that the 8 million personnel won’t be enough to cover it. It will be
necessary an economical, educational and employment changes in
health politicies; and also services changes.

11. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE HEALTH
CARE SYSTEM
FINANCING THE U.S. HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
 Health care cost have rise a lot this last years, especially
in USA since 1980s.
 In 1995 they spent around $989 billion (13.6% GDP).And
$1 trillion at the end of 1998
 They spend more GDP than the rest of the countries in
health care system. Finance could be private or public

12. I. DESCRIPTION OF THE HEALTH
CARE SYSTEM
FINANCING THE U.S. HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
- Funding hospital
- Private Financing
- Overall Health Care Expenditures
- Physician Reimbursement
- Pharmaceutical Reimbursement
- Conclusion

13. II. HEALTH STATUS OF THE
UNITED STATES POPULATION
INFANT MORTALITY
Declined dramatically since 1970s
The infant mortality rate in 1970 was 20 per 1000 births; in
1996 was 7.3 per 1000 births; and actually is 5,98 per
1000.
(http://www.indexmundi.com/es/estados_unidos/tasa_de_mortalidad_in
fantil.html)
Despite being less high than in 1970 it countinue being
higher than the rest industrilized countries

14. II. HEALTH STATUS OF THE
UNITED STATES POPULATION
LIFE EXPECTANCY
In 1996 around 76,1 years in general.
Women: 79 Men: 73 Blacks: 70,2 Whites: 76,8
In 2011 it was 78,64 years
MORTALITY RATES
- Chronic and disabling with genetic, environmental, and
life-style etiological factors
- Education
- Sex
- HIV
- Smoking

15. III. CURRENT HEALTH CARE
SYSTEM ISSUES
 LIMITED ACCESS
 GEOGRAPHICAL AND POPULATION FACTORS
 TECHNOLOGY DRIVEN SYSTEM
 OTHER ISSUES

16. III. CURRENT HEALTH CARE
SYSTEM ISSUES

17. IV. SUMMARY
United States is trying to make an unification
for create a new health care system for
everyone.
The political pressure is really high and also the
medical settings, because of that it’s
impossible to do something.
The most important thing is money, if you have
money you will have health