The document demonstrates using the Pythagorean theorem (a2 + b2 = c2) to calculate missing sides of right triangles. It first calculates the hypotenuse of a triangle with legs of 6 in and 8 in, finding it to be 10 in. It then calculates the missing leg of a triangle with legs of 5 in and 4 in, finding it to be 3 in. The document concludes by informing the reader they will watch a video demonstrating a Pythagorean spiral project they have 3 days to complete.