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1. The Jerusalem
The secular and the modern
orthodox communities
Meir Kraus

2. The Jerusalem Mainstream
• Jerusalem Population Wide Context
• The Jerusalem Mainstream Characteristics
• The Challenge
• Influential Factors
• Strategies for Coping with the Challenge

3. TheDiversePopulationofJerusalem
Arabs
37%
Ultra-
Orthodox
Jews
21%
The
Jerusalem
Mainstream
42%
The Jerusalem Mosaic• Secular & Modern
Orthodox in Jerusalem –
344,700
• Total population
in Tel Aviv – Yafo
418,600
• Total population
in Haifa
273,200
A Question of Perception
• An Ultra orthodox city?
• An Arab city?

4. JerusalemSocio-EconomicStatus
Standards of living
The Jerusalem Mainstream

5. TheJerusalemMainstreamCharacteristics Socio-
Economic
Characteristics
Religious
Characteristics
Demographic
Characteristics
Geographic
Characteristics
Secular
Religious
Young adults Elderly
Creative Class Service & Working
Class
Inner City
Outer Neighborhoods
30%
41% 29%
32% in Academic Professions
17% in Service & Sales Work
Employed persons
Median age: 30
14%
age 65+
18%
age 20-
34
Small apartments
Secular culture
Public transit oriented
Lower housing prices
Private car oriented
Attractive to families
35,000 Students

6. Strengthen the connection between the Mainstream
communities and the city of Jerusalem.
Making the city more attractive to those
communities.
Thus, encouraging young people
to call the city home.
TheChallengeofJerusalem

7. InfluentialFactors
Employment
Housing
Culture
Education
Community
“There are jobs in my line of work in Jerusalem but most of the
valued and high wage jobs are located in Tel Aviv” (Secular,
economist, 27)
“We like to live in Jerusalem but we couldn’t afford the high
housing prices”
(Observant, emigrated to Kfar Etzion, 31)
“Lately, a good atmosphere is developing in the city with great
culture and sport events”
(Observant, 26)
“Since I was a little girl, I knew I wanted to study in Jerusalem
and for me this includes living here”
(Secular, Student in the Hebrew University, 24)
“As a young secular woman, I feel like a stranger in my own
city.. ..In practice, it’s not pleasant to be part of a minority”
(Secular, 29)

8. InfluentialFactors
Employment
Housing
Culture
Education
Community
Bio-tech Industry
Cultural
institutions Academic
institutions
Community
councils Public sector
Art and design
institutions
Finding a job in the engineering
and technology fields
Housing prices
Culture events on Shabbat
Leaving after
graduation
Tension between
population group
Construction starts
Connecting art and design
schools to cultural initiatives
Diverse population
National effort to attract
high-tech industry
Construction in the
surrounding local authorities
Migration of ultra-orthodox into
mainstream neighborhoods
University graduates
Civil society
Sense of
community

9. StrategiesforCopingwiththeChallenge
Employment Housing Culture Education Community
Incentives
for
employing
workers in
the high
tech field
Studying in
several
academic
institutions
simultaneously
Joint efforts
to increase
construction
starts
Incentives
for cultural
institutions
Supplemental
educational
programs in
schools
Internship
programs in
the public
sector
Establishing
young
communities
in the
neighborhoods
Developing
culture
projects on
Shabbat
Utilizing
neighborhood
resources
for the use
of the
community
Development
of open
spaces by
the
community
Incentives
for studying
in Jerusalem
academic
institutions
Culture
projects for
youth
Large scale
cultural
events
Encourage
urban
renewal

10. Thank you!