The document discusses the growing importance of the internet economy and digital technologies, and argues that the G20 should engage more directly with issues related to the digital economy. It notes that while G20 members have differing views on internet governance, they could focus on areas of agreement like facilitating e-commerce, developing digital skills, and using information and communication technologies to promote development. The document suggests that ICT for development would be a suitable starting point for the G20 to begin discussing the digital economy.
1. 2014 will see many important international meetings on internet governance that could significantly impact its future, as countries push for greater government control while technical groups support the traditional multistakeholder approach.
2. Disclosures about US electronic surveillance have energized some governments' calls for increased regulation of internet activities and oversight, though responses also risk negatively impacting internet freedom and business.
3. Key upcoming meetings include ITU and UN conferences and summits that will debate issues like internet governance processes, cybersecurity, data protection, and economic development, with some countries seeking expanded government roles and new intergovernmental bodies.
"Digital.Report+" - expert magazine for ICT policy professionalsVadim Dryganov
This document is the inaugural issue of Digital.Report+, a biannual publication exploring ICT developments in Eurasia and their relationship to political, social, and economic factors. The first issue focuses on debates around internet governance and concerns about the internet's fragmentation due to national security policies. It features several opinion pieces and interviews with experts on issues like internet regulation, cybersecurity, and personal data protection in Russia and other post-Soviet states.
Third & Fourth Industrial Revolution - DalarnaRobin Teigland
My slides from a presentation in Falun, Sweden in June 2016 for a networking event for SMEs from the Dalarna region: http://www.mellansvenskahandelskammaren.se/Events/4201/Valkommen-pa-Supernatverkstraff
The article discusses the growing pains facing bitcoin as it transitions from a novelty to a mainstream currency and payment system. While startups are forming around uses like brokerages and bitcoin storage, consumers remain unconvinced of using bitcoin to buy goods and services. Regulators are also proving challenging, imposing new rules around capital gains taxes and how banks can handle bitcoins. The future of bitcoin is uncertain, as it works to match the rhetoric around its potential with real-world adoption, but some see opportunities in uses like international payments and micropayments in emerging markets.
Great starting point for understanding some of the more relevant benefits, features, and operation of Distributed Ledger Technology (blockchain) and its uses, particularly for federal government missions.
The document discusses the blockchain and its potential to revolutionize trust and transactions through distributed ledger technology. It provides background on blockchain, explaining that it allows digital transactions to be recorded and distributed across a network without a central authority. This could enable more efficient, secure and inclusive digital transactions by digitizing trust. The document outlines several potential uses like financial services, provenance tracking, record keeping and more. It also discusses challenges to overcome like scalability, regulation and competition between standards. Overall the document analyzes how blockchain could transform the digital economy by facilitating transactions through procedural rather than interpersonal trust.
Digitalization of Trust in the Sharing EconomyRobin Teigland
The document discusses the concept of trust in the sharing economy. It explores how trust is established between strangers transacting on sharing platforms through reviews, ratings, and reputation systems. It also examines how platforms can enable trust by ensuring privacy, security, and regulation compliance. Emerging technologies like blockchain may allow for trust without a central authority by facilitating peer-to-peer transactions validated through computer networks. The sharing economy and technologies like the Internet of Things and robotics will continue to change how trust is established in economic interactions.
Obama moves forward with internet id plan by batteryfastbattery-fast. com
The Obama administration is moving ahead with a plan to broadly adopt internet IDs despite concerns over centralized identity and privacy. They hope to fund pilot projects next year. The plan aims to use encryption technology to allow people to disclose less personal information when completing transactions online. However, critics argue that a centralized, government-led identity system could undermine privacy and personal autonomy.
1. 2014 will see many important international meetings on internet governance that could significantly impact its future, as countries push for greater government control while technical groups support the traditional multistakeholder approach.
2. Disclosures about US electronic surveillance have energized some governments' calls for increased regulation of internet activities and oversight, though responses also risk negatively impacting internet freedom and business.
3. Key upcoming meetings include ITU and UN conferences and summits that will debate issues like internet governance processes, cybersecurity, data protection, and economic development, with some countries seeking expanded government roles and new intergovernmental bodies.
"Digital.Report+" - expert magazine for ICT policy professionalsVadim Dryganov
This document is the inaugural issue of Digital.Report+, a biannual publication exploring ICT developments in Eurasia and their relationship to political, social, and economic factors. The first issue focuses on debates around internet governance and concerns about the internet's fragmentation due to national security policies. It features several opinion pieces and interviews with experts on issues like internet regulation, cybersecurity, and personal data protection in Russia and other post-Soviet states.
Third & Fourth Industrial Revolution - DalarnaRobin Teigland
My slides from a presentation in Falun, Sweden in June 2016 for a networking event for SMEs from the Dalarna region: http://www.mellansvenskahandelskammaren.se/Events/4201/Valkommen-pa-Supernatverkstraff
The article discusses the growing pains facing bitcoin as it transitions from a novelty to a mainstream currency and payment system. While startups are forming around uses like brokerages and bitcoin storage, consumers remain unconvinced of using bitcoin to buy goods and services. Regulators are also proving challenging, imposing new rules around capital gains taxes and how banks can handle bitcoins. The future of bitcoin is uncertain, as it works to match the rhetoric around its potential with real-world adoption, but some see opportunities in uses like international payments and micropayments in emerging markets.
Great starting point for understanding some of the more relevant benefits, features, and operation of Distributed Ledger Technology (blockchain) and its uses, particularly for federal government missions.
The document discusses the blockchain and its potential to revolutionize trust and transactions through distributed ledger technology. It provides background on blockchain, explaining that it allows digital transactions to be recorded and distributed across a network without a central authority. This could enable more efficient, secure and inclusive digital transactions by digitizing trust. The document outlines several potential uses like financial services, provenance tracking, record keeping and more. It also discusses challenges to overcome like scalability, regulation and competition between standards. Overall the document analyzes how blockchain could transform the digital economy by facilitating transactions through procedural rather than interpersonal trust.
Digitalization of Trust in the Sharing EconomyRobin Teigland
The document discusses the concept of trust in the sharing economy. It explores how trust is established between strangers transacting on sharing platforms through reviews, ratings, and reputation systems. It also examines how platforms can enable trust by ensuring privacy, security, and regulation compliance. Emerging technologies like blockchain may allow for trust without a central authority by facilitating peer-to-peer transactions validated through computer networks. The sharing economy and technologies like the Internet of Things and robotics will continue to change how trust is established in economic interactions.
Obama moves forward with internet id plan by batteryfastbattery-fast. com
The Obama administration is moving ahead with a plan to broadly adopt internet IDs despite concerns over centralized identity and privacy. They hope to fund pilot projects next year. The plan aims to use encryption technology to allow people to disclose less personal information when completing transactions online. However, critics argue that a centralized, government-led identity system could undermine privacy and personal autonomy.
Future value of data Final report - Draft summary lr 15 dec 2018Future Agenda
Throughout 2018 a series of 30 workshops were undertaken around the world exploring the key topic of the future value of data. Engaging with around 1000 experts in 25 countries, this major research project has looked at the key issues driving change for how we see data value and their implications for the next ten years - globally and locally.
This is the draft PPT summary of the research findings and will be followed up in the New Year with a detailed Future Agenda global synthesis report plus regional versions in multiple languages.
If you have any comments or questions on this summary, the research or its future use, please do not hesitate to get in touch with either tim.jones@futureagenda.org or caroline.dewing@futureagenda.org or via twitter @futureagenda and @thevalueofdata
The document discusses opportunities for innovation in Minnesota government through increased use of information technology and open data. It outlines how enterprise IT has focused on operational efficiency rather than effectiveness for agencies. It argues for connecting government data and making it openly available to fuel innovation, noting examples where open government data has enabled multi-billion dollar private industries to form or improvements in various services. The presentation calls for publishing more Minnesota public data online, establishing data governance policies, and finding partnership opportunities to power innovation.
The Obama administration made progress on cybersecurity but faced challenges due to believing the private sector would solve issues and misunderstanding how the government works. While an agreement reduced Chinese commercial spying, political and military espionage continued. Edward Snowden damaged US cyber leadership and increased demands for sovereignty. To improve security, the next administration should create consequences for foreign cyber crimes and incentivize security, hold critical infrastructure to high standards, and address international cooperation and data protection.
1. The document discusses issues related to internet governance and the annual Internet Governance Forum (IGF) meeting in Istanbul, Turkey. It outlines challenges facing developing countries regarding digital divides, lack of standards and policies, and high costs.
2. It then summarizes Nepal's status and challenges, including increasing cybercrime, lack of payment gateways hindering e-commerce, and the need for improved infrastructure and policies.
3. The document concludes by making suggestions for IGF 2014, calling for more multistakeholder participation and an approach that preserves free and equal internet access for all.
Blockchain and distributed ledgers: so much more than just bitcoinRobin Teigland
My updated slides that i presented at the Future Focus: Exponential Technologies conference organized by Claudia Olsson at NASDAQ Stockholm in April 2016.
This document summarizes key points from a discussion on regulating the internet. It discusses arguments for net neutrality and challenges to claims of a "data explosion" necessitating tiered internet access. It also analyzes cases involving Google, including its settlements with regulators, and argues for a "prosumer law" approach focused on search neutrality, interoperability and truthful advertising rather than large fines. Overall it advocates for evidence-based internet policymaking that considers complex realities rather than ideological positions.
Protect the American Investor From Financing CCP’s Surveillance State, Keith ...Keith Krach
Under Secretary of State Keith Krach has championed the cause to protect the average American from unknowingly funding the Chinese Communist Party’s human rights abuses. Krach believes that “most Americans have no idea that their own money—held in pension funds, 401Ks, and brokerage accounts—is financing Chinese companies that support China’s military, security, and intelligence apparatus, as well as human rights abuses on an epic scale, such as those in Xinjiang. Through a web of subsidiaries, index funds, financial products and lack of proper disclosure, the average American investor is involuntarily supporting Chinese companies.”
The document discusses net neutrality and the issues around internet service providers prioritizing or throttling certain types of internet traffic. It provides background on net neutrality and how some ISPs are throttling bittorrent traffic. It also discusses the debate around net neutrality in Canada, including key figures on both sides like Michael Geist who advocates for strong net neutrality regulations, and Industry Minister Jim Prentice who argues ISPs should set their own limits.
Whitt a deference to protocol revised journal draft december 2012 120612rswhitt1
This document discusses a draft paper about establishing a public policy framework for regulating the internet. It summarizes the debate around proposed legislation called SOPA and PIPA, which aimed to stop foreign websites from hosting copyright infringing content but would have imposed technical requirements on websites and ISPs. Many internet engineers expressed concerns that the bills would undermine the architectural integrity of the internet and be ineffective or overly broad. At a congressional hearing on the bills, no technical experts were allowed to testify. The bills almost passed but were stopped after a large online protest from internet companies and users. The document argues a public policy framework is needed that respects the structural and functional integrity of the internet.
The document discusses six major IT security issues that CEOs and CIOs should discuss in 2010: 1) cyber crime, 2) the insider threat, 3) the post-recession exodus of IT staff, 4) social media in the workplace, 5) security in the cloud, and 6) enterprise cloud use. It provides an overview of each issue and practical guidance for addressing them, noting that effective security requires a combination of good policy and technology. Overall, the document aims to help CEOs and CIOs better understand and address growing security challenges in the coming year.
Digital Banking: Reshaping the Business Model - Alba CéspedesAlba Cespedes
Digital banking is reshaping the traditional banking business model through new digital technologies and changing customer behaviors. Banks must transform by focusing on omnichannel strategies, creating value-added digital products, and maintaining customer relationships as interactions become more digital. While some regions like the UK and Scandinavia are more prepared for digital banking, adoption is happening unevenly across Europe. Banks that fully embrace digital transformation stand to significantly increase revenues and reduce costs.
The non market issue of cloud computing hp - cloud security allianceSumaya Shakir
- The document discusses security risks associated with cloud computing, including issues around data jurisdiction, conflicting laws and regulations between countries, and risks of hosting cloud services in China.
- Key interest groups involved include the Cloud Security Alliance, consumers and enterprises using cloud services, government organizations, and banks.
- Institutions formulating policies around cloud security include the UK Government Digital Service, Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, and European Network and Information Security Agency.
- HP is strategically lobbying and forming coalitions like the Cloud Security Alliance to influence cloud computing legislation and address security risks.
Blockchains: Bitcoin was always so much moreRobin Teigland
This document summarizes key trends related to fintech and blockchain technology in Stockholm. It notes that Stockholm had over 100 fintech companies in 2015, with over $658 million invested in Stockholm fintechs over the past 5 years. Major areas of focus for Stockholm fintechs include microlending, crowdfunding, cryptocurrencies, and mobile payments. The document also provides an overview of how blockchain technology works and potential applications in banking, insurance, and other industries.
art - MM Transformer - CIO Council (09-16) v1Marlon Moodley
This document discusses the legal risks and responsibilities that CIOs face. It contains several articles that address topics like:
- How CIOs need to understand laws related to both technology and business operations since technology and business are now intertwined. This means CIOs must comply with a wide range of legislation.
- Upcoming laws in South Africa that CIOs need to be aware of, such as the Protection of Personal Information Act, Cybercrimes and Cybersecurity Bill, and King IV corporate governance principles.
- Specific actions a CIO could take that could result in criminal charges or jail time, as defined in the South African Companies Act. CIOs have access to privileged information and
This document discusses government 2.0, which aims to make government more transparent, efficient and user-oriented through new technologies like blogs, wikis and social networking. It provides examples of government agencies using these tools, like a policy blog by the EU and a wiki created by US intelligence agencies. However, it notes that government 2.0 requires more than just tools - it must leverage drivers like reducing information asymmetries and changing citizen expectations to drive innovation without strict top-down control. The risks of too much transparency and ensuring participation remains balanced are also addressed.
This document summarizes issues related to privacy and emerging technologies. It discusses how technologies like body cameras, big data, and the internet of things impact privacy based on international human rights standards. Specific concerns addressed include behavioral marketing, data aggregation, metadata collection, and government surveillance partnerships with private companies. The document advocates that any reforms around these issues must consider the close relationship between companies and governments when it comes to accessing people's personal information.
CIR Magazine - Cyber Readiness, key to survivalMorgan Jones
Cybersecurity risks pose an increasing threat to organizations as technological change accelerates. A review of cyber attacks in 2019 found a rise in ransomware attacks that disrupted company operations. Looking ahead, emerging technologies like artificial intelligence could introduce new vulnerabilities if not properly governed. Experts call for increased international cooperation to address ongoing and future cybersecurity challenges posed by new technologies.
This document discusses the origins and types of "e-friction" that constrain the growth of the digital economy. It identifies four main types of e-friction: infrastructure-related, industry-related, individual-related, and information-related. Infrastructure friction includes issues like lack of access and high costs that limit basic online access and activity. Industry friction involves shortages of skills, capital, and other factors that inhibit successful online business. Individual friction affects consumer engagement online through issues like insecure payment systems and data privacy. Information friction covers obstacles to accessing online content. Reducing these sources of friction could significantly boost economic growth by greasing the wheels of online commerce and interaction.
1) Finland topped Sweden as the best country for embracing information technology according to the World Economic Forum's 2013 Networked Readiness Index, due to its business-friendly environment and top education system.
2) Digitization has boosted economic growth and job creation globally, and increasing digitization in emerging markets could lift over 500 million people out of poverty in the next decade.
3) The Nordic countries and Asian Tigers like Singapore and South Korea dominated the rankings, while the BRICS countries lagged behind and need more investment in ICT, skills, and innovation to sustain rapid economic growth.
Future value of data Final report - Draft summary lr 15 dec 2018Future Agenda
Throughout 2018 a series of 30 workshops were undertaken around the world exploring the key topic of the future value of data. Engaging with around 1000 experts in 25 countries, this major research project has looked at the key issues driving change for how we see data value and their implications for the next ten years - globally and locally.
This is the draft PPT summary of the research findings and will be followed up in the New Year with a detailed Future Agenda global synthesis report plus regional versions in multiple languages.
If you have any comments or questions on this summary, the research or its future use, please do not hesitate to get in touch with either tim.jones@futureagenda.org or caroline.dewing@futureagenda.org or via twitter @futureagenda and @thevalueofdata
The document discusses opportunities for innovation in Minnesota government through increased use of information technology and open data. It outlines how enterprise IT has focused on operational efficiency rather than effectiveness for agencies. It argues for connecting government data and making it openly available to fuel innovation, noting examples where open government data has enabled multi-billion dollar private industries to form or improvements in various services. The presentation calls for publishing more Minnesota public data online, establishing data governance policies, and finding partnership opportunities to power innovation.
The Obama administration made progress on cybersecurity but faced challenges due to believing the private sector would solve issues and misunderstanding how the government works. While an agreement reduced Chinese commercial spying, political and military espionage continued. Edward Snowden damaged US cyber leadership and increased demands for sovereignty. To improve security, the next administration should create consequences for foreign cyber crimes and incentivize security, hold critical infrastructure to high standards, and address international cooperation and data protection.
1. The document discusses issues related to internet governance and the annual Internet Governance Forum (IGF) meeting in Istanbul, Turkey. It outlines challenges facing developing countries regarding digital divides, lack of standards and policies, and high costs.
2. It then summarizes Nepal's status and challenges, including increasing cybercrime, lack of payment gateways hindering e-commerce, and the need for improved infrastructure and policies.
3. The document concludes by making suggestions for IGF 2014, calling for more multistakeholder participation and an approach that preserves free and equal internet access for all.
Blockchain and distributed ledgers: so much more than just bitcoinRobin Teigland
My updated slides that i presented at the Future Focus: Exponential Technologies conference organized by Claudia Olsson at NASDAQ Stockholm in April 2016.
This document summarizes key points from a discussion on regulating the internet. It discusses arguments for net neutrality and challenges to claims of a "data explosion" necessitating tiered internet access. It also analyzes cases involving Google, including its settlements with regulators, and argues for a "prosumer law" approach focused on search neutrality, interoperability and truthful advertising rather than large fines. Overall it advocates for evidence-based internet policymaking that considers complex realities rather than ideological positions.
Protect the American Investor From Financing CCP’s Surveillance State, Keith ...Keith Krach
Under Secretary of State Keith Krach has championed the cause to protect the average American from unknowingly funding the Chinese Communist Party’s human rights abuses. Krach believes that “most Americans have no idea that their own money—held in pension funds, 401Ks, and brokerage accounts—is financing Chinese companies that support China’s military, security, and intelligence apparatus, as well as human rights abuses on an epic scale, such as those in Xinjiang. Through a web of subsidiaries, index funds, financial products and lack of proper disclosure, the average American investor is involuntarily supporting Chinese companies.”
The document discusses net neutrality and the issues around internet service providers prioritizing or throttling certain types of internet traffic. It provides background on net neutrality and how some ISPs are throttling bittorrent traffic. It also discusses the debate around net neutrality in Canada, including key figures on both sides like Michael Geist who advocates for strong net neutrality regulations, and Industry Minister Jim Prentice who argues ISPs should set their own limits.
Whitt a deference to protocol revised journal draft december 2012 120612rswhitt1
This document discusses a draft paper about establishing a public policy framework for regulating the internet. It summarizes the debate around proposed legislation called SOPA and PIPA, which aimed to stop foreign websites from hosting copyright infringing content but would have imposed technical requirements on websites and ISPs. Many internet engineers expressed concerns that the bills would undermine the architectural integrity of the internet and be ineffective or overly broad. At a congressional hearing on the bills, no technical experts were allowed to testify. The bills almost passed but were stopped after a large online protest from internet companies and users. The document argues a public policy framework is needed that respects the structural and functional integrity of the internet.
The document discusses six major IT security issues that CEOs and CIOs should discuss in 2010: 1) cyber crime, 2) the insider threat, 3) the post-recession exodus of IT staff, 4) social media in the workplace, 5) security in the cloud, and 6) enterprise cloud use. It provides an overview of each issue and practical guidance for addressing them, noting that effective security requires a combination of good policy and technology. Overall, the document aims to help CEOs and CIOs better understand and address growing security challenges in the coming year.
Digital Banking: Reshaping the Business Model - Alba CéspedesAlba Cespedes
Digital banking is reshaping the traditional banking business model through new digital technologies and changing customer behaviors. Banks must transform by focusing on omnichannel strategies, creating value-added digital products, and maintaining customer relationships as interactions become more digital. While some regions like the UK and Scandinavia are more prepared for digital banking, adoption is happening unevenly across Europe. Banks that fully embrace digital transformation stand to significantly increase revenues and reduce costs.
The non market issue of cloud computing hp - cloud security allianceSumaya Shakir
- The document discusses security risks associated with cloud computing, including issues around data jurisdiction, conflicting laws and regulations between countries, and risks of hosting cloud services in China.
- Key interest groups involved include the Cloud Security Alliance, consumers and enterprises using cloud services, government organizations, and banks.
- Institutions formulating policies around cloud security include the UK Government Digital Service, Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, and European Network and Information Security Agency.
- HP is strategically lobbying and forming coalitions like the Cloud Security Alliance to influence cloud computing legislation and address security risks.
Blockchains: Bitcoin was always so much moreRobin Teigland
This document summarizes key trends related to fintech and blockchain technology in Stockholm. It notes that Stockholm had over 100 fintech companies in 2015, with over $658 million invested in Stockholm fintechs over the past 5 years. Major areas of focus for Stockholm fintechs include microlending, crowdfunding, cryptocurrencies, and mobile payments. The document also provides an overview of how blockchain technology works and potential applications in banking, insurance, and other industries.
art - MM Transformer - CIO Council (09-16) v1Marlon Moodley
This document discusses the legal risks and responsibilities that CIOs face. It contains several articles that address topics like:
- How CIOs need to understand laws related to both technology and business operations since technology and business are now intertwined. This means CIOs must comply with a wide range of legislation.
- Upcoming laws in South Africa that CIOs need to be aware of, such as the Protection of Personal Information Act, Cybercrimes and Cybersecurity Bill, and King IV corporate governance principles.
- Specific actions a CIO could take that could result in criminal charges or jail time, as defined in the South African Companies Act. CIOs have access to privileged information and
This document discusses government 2.0, which aims to make government more transparent, efficient and user-oriented through new technologies like blogs, wikis and social networking. It provides examples of government agencies using these tools, like a policy blog by the EU and a wiki created by US intelligence agencies. However, it notes that government 2.0 requires more than just tools - it must leverage drivers like reducing information asymmetries and changing citizen expectations to drive innovation without strict top-down control. The risks of too much transparency and ensuring participation remains balanced are also addressed.
This document summarizes issues related to privacy and emerging technologies. It discusses how technologies like body cameras, big data, and the internet of things impact privacy based on international human rights standards. Specific concerns addressed include behavioral marketing, data aggregation, metadata collection, and government surveillance partnerships with private companies. The document advocates that any reforms around these issues must consider the close relationship between companies and governments when it comes to accessing people's personal information.
CIR Magazine - Cyber Readiness, key to survivalMorgan Jones
Cybersecurity risks pose an increasing threat to organizations as technological change accelerates. A review of cyber attacks in 2019 found a rise in ransomware attacks that disrupted company operations. Looking ahead, emerging technologies like artificial intelligence could introduce new vulnerabilities if not properly governed. Experts call for increased international cooperation to address ongoing and future cybersecurity challenges posed by new technologies.
This document discusses the origins and types of "e-friction" that constrain the growth of the digital economy. It identifies four main types of e-friction: infrastructure-related, industry-related, individual-related, and information-related. Infrastructure friction includes issues like lack of access and high costs that limit basic online access and activity. Industry friction involves shortages of skills, capital, and other factors that inhibit successful online business. Individual friction affects consumer engagement online through issues like insecure payment systems and data privacy. Information friction covers obstacles to accessing online content. Reducing these sources of friction could significantly boost economic growth by greasing the wheels of online commerce and interaction.
1) Finland topped Sweden as the best country for embracing information technology according to the World Economic Forum's 2013 Networked Readiness Index, due to its business-friendly environment and top education system.
2) Digitization has boosted economic growth and job creation globally, and increasing digitization in emerging markets could lift over 500 million people out of poverty in the next decade.
3) The Nordic countries and Asian Tigers like Singapore and South Korea dominated the rankings, while the BRICS countries lagged behind and need more investment in ICT, skills, and innovation to sustain rapid economic growth.
The internet economy towards a better future oecd 2008HubBOG Accelerator
The document discusses the rapid growth of the internet and its implications for economies and societies. It summarizes the key topics that will be examined at the upcoming OECD ministerial meeting in Seoul, South Korea, including how to continue improving internet infrastructure and encouraging innovation to support economic growth while also addressing privacy, security and other challenges. It notes that nearly all policy domains are now affected by the internet and its future is critical for policymakers to address issues like healthcare, business, education and more. International cooperation will be needed to guide policies for the future internet economy.
The capacity of countries and their institutions, public services, and corporate and business communities to successfully absorb new initiatives and integrate the changes needed for digital transformation will depend on their level of digital maturity. Targeted models or ‘readiness’ tools and rubrics support governments and organizations in assessing their digital maturity level according to pre-defined parameters, dimensions or indicators.
This document provides an introduction to the topic of Internet governance. It discusses the origins and growth of the Internet over the past 30+ years. It notes that as the Internet has become more widespread and economies have come to rely on it, governments have taken a greater interest in its governance. It introduces the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) as a forum for discussing Internet governance and related issues. The foreword aims to provide background on the Internet to inform discussions around its governance at the upcoming WSIS summit.
Legal Risks and Preventive Measures in ChatGPT Applications in Chinaijtsrd
On November 30, 2022, the American artificial intelligence company OpenAI released the large language model ChatGPT. ChatGPT, as an AI language model, is not only capable of interacting with humans but can also write articles, develop strategies, create poetry, and even write code and check for vulnerabilities. However, along with its capabilities, there are also legal risks associated with the application of ChatGPT, making it important for us to research and consider how to properly prevent these risks. The main research focus of this project is on ChatGPTs ethical responsibilities, the relationship and order of human machine coexistence, the protection of individual safety, and the governance of ChatGPT by both the nation and society. Through our research, we aim to maximize the convenience that ChatGPT offers us and effectively mitigate its potential risks. Chen Jiaqi | Zhen Yunuo | Guo Simeng "Legal Risks and Preventive Measures in ChatGPT Applications in China" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60106.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/60106/legal-risks-and-preventive-measures-in-chatgpt-applications-in-china/chen-jiaqi
Will blockchain emerge as a tool to break the poverty chain in the Global South?eraser Juan José Calderón
This document discusses how blockchain technology could help address economic challenges in developing countries. It begins by reviewing key challenges such as weak property rights, lack of rule of law, and lack of access to finance for disadvantaged groups. It then outlines several potential applications of blockchain that could help with transparency, reducing corruption, lowering costs of property registration, increasing efficiency of international trade, and expanding access to payments and insurance. Examples discussed include blockchain projects for donations, land registry, trade finance, remittances, and microinsurance. The document argues that blockchain has the potential to strengthen institutions and enforcement in developing economies.
The document discusses opportunities for digital entrepreneurship in the Caribbean region presented by the growth of the digital economy and emerging technologies. It notes that the mobile economy and digital markets are growing rapidly, creating many opportunities for startups and small businesses. The document provides an overview of the current state of ICT development in Caribbean countries and identifies areas where governments can support the digital entrepreneurship ecosystem through policies that promote infrastructure development, skills training, and business-friendly regulations and legislation. Finally, it proposes several ideas for digital businesses and apps that could be developed to take advantage of opportunities in the Caribbean digital market.
By 2020, a projected 50 billion devices will be connected to the internet, storing and transmitting massive amounts of data in real-time. This is the "Internet of things". From connected cars to smart thermostats, consumers and businesses alike are rushing into new technologies that improve the way in which they live and operate.
With businesses across all sectors seeking new ways to adopt technologies that improve efficiency, legislators and regulators continue to identify and grapple with public policy concerns. The benefits are real –a projected global worth of more than $6 trillion – but balancing privacy protections with restraints on innovation are less certain.
Digital trade is increasing rapidly throughout the world whereas digital platforms and Coronavirus have further enhanced the importance of the digital economy and digital trade. Countries are focusing on promoting digital trade and integration through various measures including free trade agreements and bilateral negotiations. This study examined digital trade as defined by WTO E-commerce work and USITC. The study included the items that come under the definition of digital trade and examined the digital trade volume of Pakistan from 2010-2020 through three-step methodology. This includes the identification of digital trade items based on Harmonized System at a six-digit level, examining trade volume for digital goods, and identification of top ten export and import items along with top ten markets for digital trade. Favorable government policies and measures have helped Pakistan in promoting digital trade flows. However, there is a need to develop information and communication technology infrastructure in Pakistan to flourish trading activities. Furthermore, Pakistan has to reduce the fiscal and trade barriers such as rules and regulations for foreign investment in digital space, data and information costs, and ensure online security and data protection to promote digital trade integration.
by Asif Javed & Vaqar Ahmed
1. The document is a speech by Mr. Trevor Libert, CEO of iGovTT, at the launch of the World Economic Forum's Global Information Technology Report 2016.
2. Libert discusses how the world is moving from the Information Age to the Experience Age due to mobile technology and connectivity.
3. He emphasizes the importance for Trinidad and Tobago to actively develop their own technologies rather than just importing them, and how the GITR can help by assessing the country's readiness to apply ICT for economic growth.
The G20 e-Trade Readiness Index, a new ranking published by The Economist Intelligence Unit and sponsored by eBay, looks at how prepared G20 countries are to capitalise on global e-trade opportunities.
At the top, the index shows Australia’s all-round strength, particularly its affordable Internet access, high smartphone penetration and use of electronic payment methods. Island nations fared well, making up three of the top five spots—as well as Australia, the UK came in fourth and Japan in fifth. These economies have long relied on international trade and look well-positioned to continue this with e-trade opportunities.
The report also warns that customs and regulatory restrictions could hamper SMEs’ ability to grow through e-trade. SMEs tend to ship smaller parcels to a variety of locations and cannot always benefit from shipping in bulk. Customs procedures in some countries can also be more trouble than they are worth for small packages.
A Roadmap for CrossBorder Data Flows: Future-Proofing Readiness and Cooperati...Peerasak C.
The World Economic Forum partnered with the Bahrain Economic Development Board and a Steering Committee-led project community of organizations from around the world to co-design the Roadmap for Cross-Border Data Flows, with the aim of identifying best-practice policies that both promote innovation in data-intensive technologies and enable data collaboration at the regional and international levels.
Creating effective policy on cross-border data flows is a priority for any nation that critically depends on its interactions with the rest of the world through the free flow of capital, goods, knowledge and people. Now more than ever, cross-border data flows are key predicates for countries and regions that wish to compete in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and thrive in the post COVID-19 era.
Despite this reality, we are witnessing a proliferation of policies around the world that restrict the movement of data across borders, which is posing a serious threat to the global digital economy, and to the ability of nations to maximize the economic and social benefits of data-reliant technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain.
We hope that countries wishing to engage in cross-border data sharing can feel confident in using the Roadmap as a guide for designing robust respective domestic policies that retain a fine balance between the benefits and risks of data flows.
WSIS10 Action Line C5 Building Confidence and Security in the use of ICT'sDr Lendy Spires
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1. Ussal Sahbaz 1
November 2015
The Internet Economy and the G20
“We need an ‘eWTO’ proposed by business and
supported by governments that will bring the benefits
of the internet to developing countries, women and
young people.”
Jack Ma, Founder and CEO, Alibaba.com
The Internet economy 2
is expected to reach $4.2 trillion in 2016 3
. If the Internet were a nation, its
economy would be the fifth largest in the world. The growth of the Internet economy is on par with
China’s growth rate. If the Internet were a sector, it would have a greater weight in global GDP than
agriculture or utilities. 4
Emerging digital technologies such as social, mobile, analytics and cloud that
has the Internet as its backbone have become the new forces acting on competitiveness, growth and job
creation. Arguably, no other emerging trend has been as impactful in transforming the global economy
in recent years.
1
Ussal Sahbaz is the director of the G20 Studies Center at the Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey
(TEPAV), which chairs Think 20 in 2015 (www.t20turkey.org). I am thankful to Barry Carin, Bill Graham, Janamitra
Devan and Feride Inan for comments and suggestions.
2
“Internet economy” or “digital economy” as used interchangably throughout this memo refers to both digital
products or services (software, movies, music, games, and so on) electronically transmitted as well as through e-
commerce.
3
Boston Consulting Group (2012). The Internet Economy in the G20.
4
James Manyika, Charles Roxburgh (2011). The great transformer: The impact of the Internet on economic growth
and prosperity. McKinsey Global Institute.
N2015-6
2. Digital technologies bring a new set of economic and regulatory challenges. To name a few,
cybersecurity, regulation of content, cross-border data flows, and protection of personal data are some
of the emerging international regulatory challenges.
Moreover, even though the Internet seems to be ubiquitous, the digital divide is deepening and
becoming a new barrier to inclusion. Although penetration rates are improving, less than half of the
world’s population uses the Internet. This proportion falls to 13% in Sub-saharan Africa. Indeed,
benefits from Internet usage varies directly with access to digital skills and infrastructure.
The digital divide is a crucial international development challenge. Practical initiatives to improve
affordability, accessibility and inclusivity, underpinned by better physical and legal Internet
infrastructures will have to become cornerstones of international development in the next decade.
The Internet and the G20
The G20 has so far been detached from the emerging digital economy. Despite its acknowledged
propensity to positively add to cross-border economic impact, the word “Internet” has never been
mentioned in a G20 communiqué to date.
Virtually all areas under the G20’s focus are heavily impacted by the digital economy:
• Financial services are beginning to be revolutionized by peer-to-peer lending. These are
already becoming significant parts of the financial sector in a few G20 economies, including
China. More disruption is likely to be brought about by widespread usage of virtual currencies,
such as bitcoin.
• Trade is transformed, by cross-border e-commerce. The opportunity for the
internationalization of SMEs through cross-border e-commerce is immense. However, the
regulatory structures for customs and taxation have failed to adapt to the increasing number of
e-commerce transactions.
• Energy efficiency will be largely driven by the development of the Internet of things,
which enables internet based communication between different various devices, and with
people and organizations as well. Digital technologies will have a profound impact in the
efficient usage of all types of infrastructure.
• Digital skills have become a significant driver of employability – a debate on
employment without recourse to the digital economy no longer makes sense.
As the premier forum for international economic cooperation, the G20 can no longer afford to be
unengaged with the issues driving the emerging global digital economy.
3. Can the G20 leaders take a step towards engaging with the Internet economy in the Antalya Summit in
November 2015? What are positions of the G20 members in main issues, and what would be the
optimal starting point? The remainder of this note discusses these questions.
Main issues and differing positions
The opportunities that have surfaced through the Internet economy have been mostly an outcome of its
“open nature.” Indeed, the “Internet was designed to be transnational, not international. It was not built
on the nation state model. It does not follow national borders.” 5
Yet, the regulation of the Internet persists at national levels, and G20 members have differing views on
whether or not its openness should be bounded. Minimal standards for legitimate reasons to bound
openness –such as child protection or protection against terrorism-- are shared among members.
Beyond these, approaches diverge. G7 nations, for instance, limit the open nature of the Internet to
protect commercial copyright interests. China, on the other hand, imposes significant restrictions on
access to certain content. Russia recently banned transfer of all personal data of its citizens to other
countries. Specific restrictions exist on cross-border data transfers in other G20 members, notably in
Australia and Brazil. Many other G20 members, including Turkey, India and Korea, regulate Internet
content on ethical and security grounds.
Among the G7, a significant distrust on protection of personal data remains between the EU, which
follows a rights-based approach, and the USA, which favors innovation as much as the overriding
importance of the right to privacy. The recent ruling of the European Court of Justice 6
invalidated the
long standing “Safe Harbor” pact covering EU-US data transfer on the grounds that the U.S. government
surveillance over the personal data stored and processed by American companies, which was revealed
by Edward Snowden, is not compatible with the right of privacy. Simultaneously, USA and 11 Trans-
pacific trade partner countries finished the TPP negotiations with an agreement on committing not to
restrict data flows. However, the discussion of cross-border data flows under the TTIP negotiations
between the US and the EU is still on hold.
For the overall governance debate, while G7 members prefer a multi-stakeholder governance model
that includes the private sector, NGOs and users besides governments, China believes the Internet
governance fall under the government for a and as such should be dealt under the United Nations
system7
. On this debate, Russia and India take a similar view with China; while Brazil has recently
moved to a position more aligned with that of the G7.
Cybersecurity has also been a hot issue, on which divisions among G20 members exist along the similar
lines above. Last few years witnessed a number of significant cyberattacks against American businesses
5
Mitchell Baker, Executive Chairwoman, Mozilla Foundation, USA. Speech at World Economic Forum Event in
Dalian, China (September, 2015)
6
Case C-362/14, 6 October 2015
7
Arsene, Severin. 2012. The impact of China on global Internet governance in an era of privatized control
4. that originate from China. American response has been a mix of legal action, cyber-retaliation and
diplomacy. In September 2015, American and Chinese presidents came to an agreement to stop
commercial cyberattacks. However, a global framework for governments on cybersecurity that is similar
to nuclear nonproliferation agreement is still far away. The division between the multi-stakeholder
approach and a more government-centric intrusive approach jeopardizes a potential international
coordinated response to cybersecurity threats.
Where to begin?
As much as the fundamentals of Internet governance have been inordinately contentious among G20
members, it is right that the G20 is the forum that should continue to debate positive outcomes for the
welfare of Internet participants all around the world. So what should be the optimal starting point
among the large set of economic and regulatory challenges brought by the Internet?
This year the Business 20 and Think 208
have stepped up the debate on the digital economy. The B20
policy summary states “fully realizing the potential of digital technologies will be an important
component of implementation across all recommendations given their impact on productivity, costs,
reach, and transparency.” On October 6, 2015, the B20 for the first time, held a Forum on the Digital
Economy and published a comprehensive policy paper on this issue. 9
The T20 for the first time discussed Internet governance issues as a primary focus area, and organized a
special session in its June workshop in Izmir with over 60 participants. The overall conclusion of these
efforts could be summarized as follows: While it is difficult for the G20 to take a unified stand on
Internet governance, it should nonetheless take collective action to improve the digital economy for
global economic growth and job creation. Therefore, the G20 should focus on areas related to its core
expertise, for example, in facilitating e-commerce, SMEs’ integration with the digital economy, and
infrastructure, skills, and ICT for development. These are areas that G20 members can broadly agree on
advancing the role of the Internet 10
.
Among all these areas, ICT for development is a suitable candidate to begin the dialogue. “Significantly
increas[ing] access to information and communications technology and strive to provide universal and
8
Business 20 and Think 20 are official engagement groups of the G20. B20 is a dialogue platform between the
global business and the G20. T20 is a global network of think-tanks that provides policy ideas to the G20.
9
For the B20 Policy Summary and taskforce policy papers, please see www.b20turkey.org/policy-papers/. Digital
economy related recommendations include: incorporating a five-year universal broadband connection target into
G20 Member Growth Strategies; improving SMEs’ access to the digital economy; improving the global trade
system for the emerging digital economy (including improving access to IT products by accelerating finalization of
the proposed expansion of the Information Technology Agreement, facilitating customs procedures with a direct
focus on cross-border e-commerce transactions, and rolling back data flow restrictions and improving standards
for cross-border data security); improving digital skills for increasing employability; and improving e-government
systems in cross-border systems and public procurement.
10
Bill Graham (2015). Final report (unpublished) of the Internet governance session at the T20 workshop (June
2015, Izmir)
5. affordable access to the Internet in least developed countries by 2020” is one of the targets in the
Sustainable Development Goals 11
.
Not surprisingly, more than a dozen international bodies are already engaged in advancing ICT for
development 12
. The G20 is in the best position to coordinate and catalyze the actions of these bodies,
and raise the profile of ICT for development. The role that the G20 can take could begin by,
1. stepping up capital contributions to existing initiatives,
2. pursuing new ideas [such as “Internet Bonds” analogous to “green bonds”, or initiating
statistical reforms so that Internet goods and services are appropriately recorded in the national
accounts]
3. creating new institutions, analogous to the Global Infrastructure Hub, that could be
mandated to enhance the dialogue and policy on the new Digital Economy 13
.
Moving towards a new consensus in Antalya
These steps can begin to evolve a new consensus among G20 members, multilateral development banks
and international organizations that would guide nations on acceptable digital economy behaviors that
would, in turn, pave the way toward Internet-based globalization. Just like the nature of the Internet,
this new consensus should develop via a bottom-up process, of course predicated on open discussion.14
However, political leadership is critical to move us towards this new consensus.
To initiate this move, the G20 can take a leading role. One of the ways through which G20 can start to
act is to establish a formal group should start exploring where the G20’s particular areas of competence
and authority can contribute positively to Internet governance. Such a group can include the Business 20
11
Sustainable Development Goal 9, Target 9/c
12
Barry Carin (2015) Option to Promote Development. Background Note for the Global Commission on Internet
Governance. Carin states that “a world organization chart of bodies promoting ICT4D would include, several
UNCSTD, ITU, UNESCO, UNDP, the World Bank (especially InfoDev), the OECD, the G8, NEPAD, the G20 and its
working groups, the Commonwealth Telecommunications Organisation (CTO), the Broadband Commission for
Digital Development, as well as regional entities like ICT Africa (…) In 2001, the G8 created the Digital Opportunity
Task (DOT) Force, a partnership among international organizations, governments and the private sector, to
investigate the “digital divide” in the developing world. UNCTAD was a co-organizer of the 2015 World Summit on
the Information Society (WSIS) Forum, the world's largest annual gathering of the 'ICT for development'
community, partnering with ITU, UNESCO and UNDP. In October 2015, the 2016 World Development Report will
explore the impact the Internet and digital technologies have on development. “
13
Ibid
14
Kati Suominen. The Seoul Consensus. T20 Turkey Blog Post. http://www.t20turkey.org/eng/pages/blog/b29.html
6. and Think 20 15
engagement groups, as well as international organizations such as the World Bank and
the OECD, and be tasked to submit their assessment at the China summit in 2016.
15
Center for International Governance Innovation and the Chatham House, member think-tanks of the T20, host
the Global Commission on Internet Governance, chaired by Former Foreign Minister of Sweden Carl Bildt and
conducts extensive independent research on Internet-related dimensions of global public policy (ourinternet.org).