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The History of Zeppelins
- 1. The History of Zeppelins By: Jack Marshall
- 2. 1908 The LZ 3 is purchased by the German military The LZ 3 was Zeppelin's third attempt at a rigid airship. After flying for 5 hours and 55 minutes, and transporting the Kaiser's brother, Zeppelin had proven the rigid airship worth to the military. 1900 The LZ 1 flys for the first time The LZ 1 was the first time a rigid airship successfully flew. It flew for 17 minutes traveling a total of 6 km before having to make an emergency landing. During its second flight it beat the fastest speed set by a non-rigid airship. 1898 Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin creates Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Luftschiffahrt It was a company that's goal was to try and create an airship that could be steered. Count Zeppelin supplied the majority of the funding for the project. It was liquidated in 1901 but was a major milestone in rigid airship development. 1863 Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin serves as a military observer in American Civil War It is here when Count Zeppelin got his first experience with fight as he assisted Union Soldiers with scouting in observation balloons, this is what inspired his interest in airships.
- 3. 1915 Zeppelins bomb major cities Zeppelins were used by the German Army to attack civilian population centers like London and Pairs, and even Saint Petersburg in 1916. The Zeppelins often didn’t cause much destruction and were shot down frequently. They were more effective at sparking fear than actual destruction. By the time airplanes and other heavier than air craft replaced Zeppelins, 77 out of 115 total had been desabled or destroyed. 1914 Zeppelins are used in combat for the first time The German Army used the Zeppelin Z VI to bomb the Belgian city of Liège. Because areal bombs hadn’t been invented yet, the Zeppelin dropped artillery shells, killing 9, before being heavly damaged by small arms fire and being crash landing in Cologne. 1913 The LZ 14 and LZ 18 crash The Imperial German Navy purchased Zeppelins for military use in 1912. In September of 1913, the LZ 14 was destroyed in a storm killing 16/20 crewmembers. Only six week later, the LZ 18 caught fire and killed all crewmembers on board. This greatly hindered Germany’s aerial navy as they didn’t have any experienced crews left. 1909 Count Zeppelin creates Deutsche Luftschiffahrts- Aktiengesellschaft Commonly referred to as DELAG. This was the first commercial airline in the world. Zeppelin was more focused on making rigid airships as weapons but commercializing allowed him to generate revenue and promote the airhips to the military.
- 4. 1929 The Graf Zeppelin circumnavigate the globe After the success of the LZ 126, restrictions on German production of rigid airships were greatly reduced. This allowed the Zeppelin company to resume almost normal operations and they wanted to prove the worth of the Zeppelin by doing this never accomplished feat. In only 21 days the Graf Zeppelin traveled from Lakehurst to Friedrichshafen, Tokyo, Los Angeles, and back. 1924 LZ 126 is purchased by the United States After essentially being unable to conduct any business since the end of the war, the Zeppelin company was saved when the United States ordered a Zeppelin for military use. It flew for almost 81 hours and attracted large crowds of admirers when it arrived in America. This issued in the golden age of Zeppelins. 1919 Treaty of Versailles forces all Zeppelins to be surrendered The terms of the Treaty of Versailles mandated that Germany turn over all of its Zeppelins to the Allies. In defiance of the mandate, many German soldiers scuttled the Zeppelins but several were still handed over to the Allies. The treaty also prohibited Germany from making war Zeppelins and ships over 28,000 m3. This effectively stopped the Zeppelin company from producing more ships. 1916 The British develop incendiary and explosive rounds for planes These types of ammunition used a chemical reaction, that activated upon contact with an object, to either create an explosion or start a fire. This was the beginning of the end for Zeppelins in combat as a single well placed incendiary round could cause the entire vessel to burst into flames.
- 5. 1993 The Zeppelin Company reforms After almost 50 years, the Zeppelin company reformed and still continues to make airships to this day. Most of these are non-rigid and use helium which is non flammable so there is far less risk. The iconic Goodyear blimps are actually made by the Zeppelin company. Overall Zeppelins have taken a backseat to fixed-wing aircrafts but there are still 25 blimps around the world that are still in use. 1937 Hindenburg Disaster The Hindenburg was a passenger Zeppelin that was mainly made as a form of propaganda for the Nazi regimeme as they were seen as a display of power. Just before finishing a flight from Frankfurt to New Jersey, the Zeppelin caught fire and came crashing to the ground killing 35 people on board. There were many reporters on the ground with cameras and microphones so this event was widely documented. This effictly ended the public’s interest in Zeppelins and the Zeppelin company was shut down in 1945
- 6. Works Cited Works Cited Clements, E. W., and G. J. O'Hara. “The Navy Rigid Airship.” Defense Tactical Information Center, 1 July 1972, https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0902628. Accessed 27 November 2022. Pasternak, Igor. “A review of airship structural research and development.” Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 45, no. 4-5, 2009, pp. 83-96. Science Direct, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376042109000153. “The R-38 Catastrophe and the Mechanics of Rigid Airship Construction.” NASA Technical Reports Server, 1 June 1922, https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19930082658. Accessed 27 November 2022. South-West Pacific Anti-Submarine Warfare Reports: September 1943. September 1943. Navy, https://www.navy.gov.au/media- room/publications/acb-0233443-south-west-pacific-anti-submarine-warfare-reports-wwii-septemb-0.