The Break-Even Equation and Profit Calculation
Submit written responses to these questions.
1.What are the formulas for: ◦The basis break-even equation
◦The basis breakeven equation expanded to include indirect costs and desired profit?
2.Explain the relationship between step-five costs and the relevant range.
3.Based on the product margin, when is it in the best interests of an organization to continue or drop a service?
4.Laurie Vaden is a nurse practitioner with her own practice. She has developed contracts with several large employers to perform routine physical, fitness for duty exams, and initial screening of on-the-job injuries. She currently sees 150 per month, charging 450 per visit. Her total costs are $7,500, of which $1,500 is for supplies. She has decided that she needs to increase profit, so she is considering raising her fee to $65. She expects to lose 10 percent of her business to competitors that charge an average of 460 per visit. Determine her current and predicted: 1) revenues, 2) variable costs, and 3) total contribution margin. What do you recommend she do? Why?
5.Janet Gilbert is director of labs. She has some extra capacity and has contracted with some small neighboring hospitals to run some of their lab tests. She has recently had a study conducted and has determined that her costs of these contracts are $10,000 of which $7,000 are for supplies and items related to each test. She currently charges an average of $10,00 per lab test. She is thinking of lowering her price by 20 percent in hopes of raising her current volume of 10,000 tests by 15 percent. Determine her current and predicted: 1) revenues, 2) variable costs, 3) total contribution margin, and 4) net income. What do you recommend she do? Why?
6.Shady Rest Nursing Home has 100 private pay residents. The administrator is concerned about balancing the ratio its private pay to non-private pay patients. Non-private pay sources reimburse an average of $100 per day whereas private pay residents pay average 100 percent of full daily charges. The administrator estimates that variable cost per resident per day is $25 for supplies, food, and contracted services and annual fixed costs are $4,562,500. ◦What is the daily contribution margin of each non-private pay resident?
◦If 25 percent of the residents are non-private pay, what will shady Rest charge the private pay patients in order to break even?
◦What if non-private pay payors cover 50 percent of the residents?
7.The owner of Shady Rest Nursing Home insists that the facility earn $80,000 in annual profits. How much must the administrator raise the per day charge for the privately insured residents if 25 percent of the residents are covered by non-private pay payors?
Short essay 3: The Internet is a Dangerous Place
The Wave of Ransomware Attacks
Introduction
Ransomware is fetal software that encrypts or removes access to computer files until a ransom payment is made. Ransomware has been around since 1989, but ...
ybersecurity is an increasing
concern for many in the
medical cybersecurity and
information technology
professions. As computerized
devices in medical facilities
become increasingly networked
within their own walls and
with external facilities, the risk
of cyberattacks also increases,
threatening confidentiality,
safety, and well-being. This
article describes what health
care organizations and
imaging professionals should
do to minimize the risks.
The Menace of Ransomware Attacks on Healthcare Systems.pdfCIOWomenMagazine
In this article, we will delve into the growing menace of ransomware attacks on healthcare systems, exploring the implications, causes, and, most importantly, strategies to fortify the defenses of these critical institutions.
Risk and Threat Assessment Report Anthony WolfBSA 5.docxmalbert5
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
Anthony Wolf
BSA/ 520
May 11th, 2020
Jeffery McDonough
Running head: RISK AND THREAT ASSESSMENT REPORT
1
RISK AND THREAT ASSESMENT REPORT
2
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
The rise of innovation and technological advancement has affected the aspects of technology in different ways. Improvement of software and operating systems gives hackers a reason to strive and develop more complex forms of overweighing security measures on those applications. Traditional application security best practices and secure coding are often recommended in protecting different applications against runtime attacks.
Runtime application self-protection is an emerging application in the protection of software applications, data, and databases. The increase in attacks has triggered the development of security technology that is linked or build into an application runtime environment. Besides, database deployment is safeguarded by run time application self-protection that can control the execution of applications, detecting, and preventing real-time attacks. The threats and risks associated with operating systems, networks, and software systems are significant concerns to users.
The internet has changed how people do their businesses. With the growth of e-commerce and other online transactions, there has been a subsequent increase in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. There are different types of e-commerce threats and might be accidental, deliberately done by perpetrators, or occur due to human error. The most prevalent threats are money theft, unprotected services, credit card fraud, hacking, data misuse, and phishing attacks. Heats associated with online transactions can be prevented or reduced by keeping the credit cards safe. Consumers/customers should be advised to avoid carrying their credit cards in their wallets since they increase the chances of misplacement. Each buyer should be cautious when using their you’re their online credit information.
The advancement in technology has seen an increase in online transactions. The practice of doing business transactions via the internet is called e-commerce. Their growth has subsequently lead to the rise in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. E-commerce is the activity of conducting transactions via the internet. Internet transactions can be drawn on various technologies, including internet marketing, electronic data exchanges, automated data collection systems, electronic fund transfer, and mobile commerce.
Online transaction threats occur by using the internet for unfair means with the aim of fraud, security breach, and stealing. The use of electronic payment systems has a substantial risk of fraud. It uses the identity of a customer to authorize a payment like security questions and passwords. If someone accesses a customer's password, he will gain access to his accounts and.
ybersecurity is an increasing
concern for many in the
medical cybersecurity and
information technology
professions. As computerized
devices in medical facilities
become increasingly networked
within their own walls and
with external facilities, the risk
of cyberattacks also increases,
threatening confidentiality,
safety, and well-being. This
article describes what health
care organizations and
imaging professionals should
do to minimize the risks.
The Menace of Ransomware Attacks on Healthcare Systems.pdfCIOWomenMagazine
In this article, we will delve into the growing menace of ransomware attacks on healthcare systems, exploring the implications, causes, and, most importantly, strategies to fortify the defenses of these critical institutions.
Risk and Threat Assessment Report Anthony WolfBSA 5.docxmalbert5
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
Anthony Wolf
BSA/ 520
May 11th, 2020
Jeffery McDonough
Running head: RISK AND THREAT ASSESSMENT REPORT
1
RISK AND THREAT ASSESMENT REPORT
2
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
The rise of innovation and technological advancement has affected the aspects of technology in different ways. Improvement of software and operating systems gives hackers a reason to strive and develop more complex forms of overweighing security measures on those applications. Traditional application security best practices and secure coding are often recommended in protecting different applications against runtime attacks.
Runtime application self-protection is an emerging application in the protection of software applications, data, and databases. The increase in attacks has triggered the development of security technology that is linked or build into an application runtime environment. Besides, database deployment is safeguarded by run time application self-protection that can control the execution of applications, detecting, and preventing real-time attacks. The threats and risks associated with operating systems, networks, and software systems are significant concerns to users.
The internet has changed how people do their businesses. With the growth of e-commerce and other online transactions, there has been a subsequent increase in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. There are different types of e-commerce threats and might be accidental, deliberately done by perpetrators, or occur due to human error. The most prevalent threats are money theft, unprotected services, credit card fraud, hacking, data misuse, and phishing attacks. Heats associated with online transactions can be prevented or reduced by keeping the credit cards safe. Consumers/customers should be advised to avoid carrying their credit cards in their wallets since they increase the chances of misplacement. Each buyer should be cautious when using their you’re their online credit information.
The advancement in technology has seen an increase in online transactions. The practice of doing business transactions via the internet is called e-commerce. Their growth has subsequently lead to the rise in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. E-commerce is the activity of conducting transactions via the internet. Internet transactions can be drawn on various technologies, including internet marketing, electronic data exchanges, automated data collection systems, electronic fund transfer, and mobile commerce.
Online transaction threats occur by using the internet for unfair means with the aim of fraud, security breach, and stealing. The use of electronic payment systems has a substantial risk of fraud. It uses the identity of a customer to authorize a payment like security questions and passwords. If someone accesses a customer's password, he will gain access to his accounts and.
Cybersecurity Risks of 3rd Party Cloud-Apps in 2022 Whitepaper by Protected H...Protected Harbor
Cybersecurity Risks in Third-Party Cloud Apps (2022) is a comprehensive whitepaper that examines the evolving threat landscape surrounding third-party cloud applications. Delve into the intricate web of security concerns and mitigation strategies to safeguard your organization's sensitive data from potential breaches and unauthorized access. Explore the dynamic challenges posed by third-party cloud apps in 2022 and equip your business with actionable insights to fortify its digital ecosystem against emerging cybersecurity threats.
Ransomware in Healthcare: 5 Attacks on Hospitals & Lessons LearnedBarkly
Learn about five ransomware attacks on hospitals this year and see what actionable takeaways you can apply to your own organization’s ransomware prevention methods.
Why healthcare is the biggest target for cyberattacks-converted.pdfSparity1
Sparity provides the Top Custom healthcare Software and Application development services for healthcare industries in USA and Across the Globe. We can help you build a leading-edge tech platform with the right UI/UX framework and functionalities. We Make a positive impact with modern healthcare services
1 5Preparing to Conduct Business Research, Part 1Latwo.docxhoney725342
1
5Preparing to Conduct Business Research, Part 1
Latwon Hordge, Travona James, Desean Stephens, Kashmir SpellsRES/351 Business Research
April 12, 2016
Professor Jonte Lee
Preparing to Conduct Business Research, Part 1
As a cross-functional team interested in conducting a research project for an executive team, we have been faced with identifying the scope, magnitude, feasibility of the issues that have recently occurred at MedStar. MedStar is a health organization that primarily focuses on one thing, and that entails caring for all people and their health. MedStar takes pride in their patient-first visions of compassion, customer service, clinical experience, and care. After researching the team discovered that the health-care provider was recently hacked and attacked by an infectious computer virus.
MedStar’s Issue
On March 28, 2016, MedStar’s computer network was attacked by a virus which caused its medical network to shut down their online database. The shut-down included emails and vast records database. This caused a trickle effect of security concerns nationwide. Because of the infection, it has caused major impacts to the billion dollar health-care provider. One of the major issues was the hospital staff having to revert to using paper records instead of electronic files. Other issues included the lack of communication between staff and being unable to schedule patient’s appointments.
Significance of the Issue
The virus infection of MedStar’s computer network was labeled by the FBI as “ransom ware” attack in which hackers remotely locked up a company’s computer system and hold the data hostage and then demand money. The significance of this attack does not only include invasion of privacy regarding employee’s personal information and patient’s medical information but also the potential for a health crisis. A dilemma in which such criminals and/or terrorist having access to treatment plans, medication information, doctor notes, and privileges could stage an epidemic that could be extremely harmful. This cyber-attack caused for everything to slow down tremendously. According to Stephen Frum, a labor representative for the National Nurses United, appointments and surgeries were delayed; lab results and the ordering of medications will take longer (Cox, 2016). Scheduling and record access are at the bare minimum. More importantly, the more severe of treatments cannot be administered.
Ransomware attacks seem to be growing in popularity, to which roughly $24M was paid in ransom in 2015. In 2016, hospitals in California, Kentucky, and even Canada were targeted the same as the Washington Metropolitan Area’s MedStar was.
Due to people having the ability to conduct and be successful in such attacks, processes needed to be put into place at a government level; that would address the civil liberties that apply to modern society. The Constitution was written in a time where technology was not an integral part of s ...
Systems Thinking on a National Level, Part 2Drew David.docxperryk1
Systems Thinking on a National Level, Part 2
Drew Davidson, Eric Sinclair Banyon, Shady Navarro, Shalamar Santana, Ziomara Pagan, & Stephanie Jean Coute
MHA/505
February 11, 2019
Rachael Kehoe
Running head: SYSTEMS THINKING ON A NATIONAL LEVEL, PART 2
1
SYSTEMS THINKING ON A NATIONAL LEVEL, PART 2
10
Systems Thinking on a National Level, Part 2
Cybersecurity breaches in the Healthcare industry pose a significant threat to those organizations. According to Gordon et al., cybersecurity breaches not only affect the patient’s information but it can also affect the organization's creditability (2017). When an organization creditability comes into question due to a cybersecurity breach, that organization may lose customers due to the fear of their information not being appropriately protected. In Healthcare it is crucial that we understand the impact of cybersecurity breaches. Most of the major hospital in the United States are using electronic medical records (EMR). A lot of hackers are using phishing methods to trick hospital and breaching their security protocol by tricking staff members into disclosing sensitive and personal information (Winder, 2014). Therefore, the following will discuss way cyber security breaches happen in the healthcare industry and way to prevent them from happening in the future.
Cyber Security Breach Diagram
Malicious and Non-Malicious
Cyber security breaches in healthcare can happen in several different ways. These different types of breaches can either be malicious or non-malicious. A malicious cyber security breech in healthcare, is when an individual or individuals purposely hacked into and attack or gain unauthorized access to members PII. Unauthorized access (such as hacking) to protected healthcare systems is the result of malicious behavior, things like holding the system ransom or stealing private information are acts of malicious behavior (Katz, 2018). Penetrating a system manually and disabling the systems defenses or by downloading software programs are other types of malicious behavior. Hacking is a malicious behavior, but just because the system is hack doesn’t necessarily mean any personal information is compromised. A number malicious cyber security breach may not be done intentionally but can cause just as many issues as a malicious cyber security breech. When data is unintentionally left exposed to an authorized access it is a non-malicious behavior. Cyber security breaches in healthcare can be the result of employee error or negligence. In healthcare malicious behavior is a portion of the inflow of cyber security breaches and non-malicious behavior is the portion of the outflow of a cyber security breech.
Eavesdropping
As a group, we have identified a multitude of cybersecurity breaches that are growing concerns amongst the healthcare providers and companies that offer their services to the community. Another one of these concerns’ hails in the form of eavesdropping. Eavesdropping is a d.
Running head THREAT MODELING WITH STRIDE .docxtoltonkendal
Running head: THREAT MODELING WITH STRIDE 1
THREAT MODELING WITH STRIDE 6
Threat Modeling with STRIDE
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Attacker Viewpoint
The most likely perpetrators who would nefariously attack a healthcare service organization would be hackers looking to make easy money (Ridinger G, John R, McBride M, & Scurich N, 2016). The best target in this case would have to be information in the HNetExchange, personally identifiable information at that. This includes names, a person’s addresses (both email and physical), their medical history and details of their credit cards. This information can be to target specific individuals or hold the institution at ransom. The hacker would encrypt the files in the organization’s HNetConnect database, then probably demand a ransom or they could take the information to sell it in the black market. For an institution making five hundred million dollars, that can be quite the bedrock for cyber-attacks even from people working in the company. This can be through the elevation of privilege in order to access HNetPay, hijacking the transfer of monies which could result in the colossal financial losses.
Asset Viewpoint
The company assets include:
The HNetConnect – This is the medium used by the organization to link up patients and doctors as per the patients’ needs. It helps make it easier for the clients to find the necessary medical attention easily and fast enough. The database uses HTTPS connections, meaning it requires the internet to run and any disconnection would definitely paralyze operations. This already creates a loophole for any technology savvy individual with the motive to shut down operations, and most probably demand ransom.
The HNetExchange – It is the cash cow of the firm. Its main function is servicing personal details belonging to other health centers, their clienteles and all information required in the healthcare setup, making it a hub of raw data belonging to anybody with a medical record. Another attribute of the feature is that information is transmitted over the web and thus making it susceptible to privy hackers. The attacker could exploit the loophole of having all this information at the same place, by attempting information disclosure or elevation of privilege.
The HNetPay – Clients, to make payments, use this secure portal for services rendered or otherwise. This includes running by credit cards through a third party organization. There is also a good feature in which there are different operating systems between the portal and the server acting as the database for info. This, however, can only prevent so much, with an attack on the third party element of the system being able to slow things down.
STRIDE
Spoofing – This common cyber-attack method entails send ...
White Paper :- Spear-phishing, watering hole and drive-by attacks :- The New ...Invincea, Inc.
The single largest threat your organization faces today is network breach. Spear-phishing, poisoned search results, drive-by downloads, and legitimate sites being compromised to push malware are all part of our current reality. The most successful and common attacks vectors stem from targeted attacks on your employees. Organizations need to utilize solutions that protect their network from user error and support requirements for continuous monitoring, real-time situational awareness and providing actionable threat intelligence for their security teams.
Health Network, Inc.HNetPay Payment DatabaseView Bill .docxpooleavelina
Health Network, Inc.
HNetPay
Payment
Database
View Bill –
Make Secure
Payments
View Bill -
Make Secure
Payments
HNetConnect Directory
Database
Doctors
Update
Profile
Customers
Query
HNetExchange
Message Server
(Primary Revenue)
Hospitals
(Customer)
Send Secure
Messages
Clinics
(Customer)
Receive Secure
Messages
View Bill -
Make Secure
Payments
Credit Card Processing Organization
Update
Profile
View Bill -
Make Secure
Payments
Update
Profile
Corporate Offices
Minneapolis
Arlington
Portland
650 Laptops/Mobile Devices
Data Centers
*Minneapolis
*Arlington
*Portland
1000 Servers
Loss of company data due to hardware removed from production systems
Loss of customers due to production outages
Internet threats due to accessibility via internet
Loss of company information due to lost/stolen laptops/mobile devices
Insider threats
Change in regulatory landscape impacting operations
Internet
Web
Server
(HNetConnect)
Application
Server
(HNetPay)
Database
Firewall
Email/Message
Server
(HNetExchange)
Credit Card Processing Organization
Users
Health Network, Inc.
Your Organization
.
ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
Management University of the Cumberlands
ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
Management University of the Cumberlands
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ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
Management University of the Cumberlands
ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
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ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
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ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
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HEALTH NETWORK
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Health network is a heath service organization headquartered in Minnesota. The organization has over 600 employees currently and it has an estimate revenue turnout of $500 million. In addition, the company has two other operational locations in Portland, Oregon and Arlington, Virginia which support mix of organization operations. Each facility is located near a co-lo ...
The Complete Guide to Ransomware Protection for SMBsProtected Harbor
"The Complete Guide to Ransomware Protection for SMBs" is a comprehensive eBook designed to empower small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) with practical strategies and expert advice to safeguard their digital assets from the growing threat of ransomware attacks.
In this essential guide, you will gain a deep understanding of ransomware, its devastating impact on SMBs, and the common tactics employed by cybercriminals. The eBook presents a step-by-step approach to developing a robust ransomware protection plan tailored to your SMB's unique needs and budget.
Learn about proactive measures such as employee education, strong access controls, and regular data backups to mitigate the risk of an attack. Discover the latest security technologies, including endpoint protection, network monitoring, and threat intelligence, and how to implement them effectively.
At RavenTek, we help healthcare providers secure what matters most, build organizational resilience against cyberattacks and maximize provider Return On Life. We combine world-class technologies, innovative security ideas and a forward-thinking team of problem solvers and consultants to secure healthcare providers. We believe enterprise visibility and persistent, always-on security testing is the essential foundation of every cybersecurity program.
Ryan Coleman is Vice President of Healthcare Cybersecurity at RavenTek.
“Many organizations security defences have been smacked Their earned reputation within a flash have been jacked Heartless jokes on them by others also have been cracked How come they’re sure that their firms haven’t been hacked?"
Security breaches have strong foot on healthcare industry this year. Nearly half of the organizations in healthcare were hit by security threats at least once this year and it is expected to increase in the forthcoming years.
The security breaches under HIPAA Violations could be classified as
• Stealth of Devices
• Process loopholes
• Employee Snooping
• Software defects
• Hacking
FBI And Cyber Crime | Crime Stoppers International Scott Mills
Crime Stoppers International 32nd Training Conference Presentation October 25, 2011 by Cyber Crime FBI Unit Chief David Wallace in Montego Bay, Jamaica
Accident Up Ahead!Listen to this text being read aloud by a hu.docxmehek4
Accident Up Ahead!
Listen to this text being read aloud by a human being by clicking on this link.
Answer questions #1 and #2 and then answer #3 or #4.
1. When an accident or disaster occurs, many people will panic or just stand there looking. Why do they react that way? (Answer using a short paragraph.)
2. What fears and doubts does Jody have to overcome as she works? What helps her to keep going? (Answer using two short paragraphs.)
3. Write a paragraph about an accident that you experienced as a victim, an observer, or the person who helped the victim.
or
4. As one of the Fortins or Jodouins, write a letter to Jody Stevens thanking her for what she did.
Accident Up Ahead!
JANICE TYRWHITT
THE NORTHBOUND BUS had scarcely left North Bay, Ontario, when-at 1:30 a.m. on Saturday, October 11, 1975-it came to an abrupt halt. Peering out the bus window at Highway 11, Jody Stevens saw a line of taillights stretching into the night. "There must be an accident up ahead," she said to her seatmate. "I had better get out and help." Jody, a young nurse from Toronto, was on her way home to spend Thanksgiving (and celebrate her twenty-fourth birthday) with her family in Timmins. An October drizzle soaked her shoulders as she trudged past a quarter mile of stopped traffic to an eerie scene. In the flickering light of Coleman lamps and road flares, she saw the two-lane highway spattered with blood. An old school bus converted into a camper lay on its side in the ditch. A hunter's pickup truck was stalled in the left lane, the bodies of two moose lolling grotesquely from the back. Off the right shoulder was a silver Mercedes-Benz with a smashed hood. In the lane between them a silent ring of people had gathered round a fourth vehicle-a blue 1973 Ford, a crumpled wreck, with four people in it.
"I think they're all dead," a burly man told Jody.
She caught her breath and thought, Well, Stevens, what do you do now? Jody had packed a lot of experience into the two years since her graduation as a registered nurse, most recently at the Toronto East General Hospital. She threw off her corduroy coat and crawled into the back seat of the crushed car.
While Jody was riding north, twenty-six-year-old Charles Jodouin, his wife Jeanne, and her parents Omer and Lucie Fortin, were driving south from Timmins to visit Jeanne's sister in Kingston. Despite the late hour, traffic in both directions was fairly heavy. They were less than three miles out of North Bay when, suddenly, the left rear wheel spun off an oncoming converted school bus: it flew straight into the grill of a pickup truck moving south just ahead of the Jodouins. Then, out of control, the camperbus skidded across the centre line and sideswiped the Jodouins' blue Ford. A split second later a brand-new Mercedes, travelling behind the camper, also slammed into the Jodouins.
Scrambling into the wrecked blue Ford, Jody found herself in a welter of blood and splintered glass. Trapped in the driver's se.
Access the annual report provided in Course Materials to complete .docxmehek4
Access
the annual report provided in Course Materials to complete the Financial Reporting Problem, Part 1 assignment due in Week Six.
Analyze
the information contained in the company’s balance sheet and income statement to answer the following questions:
·
Are the assets included under the company’s current assets listed in the proper order? Explain your answer.
·
How are the company’s assets classified?
·
What are cash equivalents?
·
What are the company’s total current liabilities at the end of its most recent annual reporting period?
·
What are the company’s total current liabilities at the end of the previous annual reporting period?
·
Considering all the information you have gathered, why might this information be important to potential creditors, investors, and employees?
Create a table to summarize any dollar value answers. Then Summarize
the analysis in a 700- to 1,050-word paper in a Microsoft
®
Word document.
Format
your paper and presentation consistent with APA guidelines.
.
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Cybersecurity Risks of 3rd Party Cloud-Apps in 2022 Whitepaper by Protected H...Protected Harbor
Cybersecurity Risks in Third-Party Cloud Apps (2022) is a comprehensive whitepaper that examines the evolving threat landscape surrounding third-party cloud applications. Delve into the intricate web of security concerns and mitigation strategies to safeguard your organization's sensitive data from potential breaches and unauthorized access. Explore the dynamic challenges posed by third-party cloud apps in 2022 and equip your business with actionable insights to fortify its digital ecosystem against emerging cybersecurity threats.
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Sparity provides the Top Custom healthcare Software and Application development services for healthcare industries in USA and Across the Globe. We can help you build a leading-edge tech platform with the right UI/UX framework and functionalities. We Make a positive impact with modern healthcare services
1 5Preparing to Conduct Business Research, Part 1Latwo.docxhoney725342
1
5Preparing to Conduct Business Research, Part 1
Latwon Hordge, Travona James, Desean Stephens, Kashmir SpellsRES/351 Business Research
April 12, 2016
Professor Jonte Lee
Preparing to Conduct Business Research, Part 1
As a cross-functional team interested in conducting a research project for an executive team, we have been faced with identifying the scope, magnitude, feasibility of the issues that have recently occurred at MedStar. MedStar is a health organization that primarily focuses on one thing, and that entails caring for all people and their health. MedStar takes pride in their patient-first visions of compassion, customer service, clinical experience, and care. After researching the team discovered that the health-care provider was recently hacked and attacked by an infectious computer virus.
MedStar’s Issue
On March 28, 2016, MedStar’s computer network was attacked by a virus which caused its medical network to shut down their online database. The shut-down included emails and vast records database. This caused a trickle effect of security concerns nationwide. Because of the infection, it has caused major impacts to the billion dollar health-care provider. One of the major issues was the hospital staff having to revert to using paper records instead of electronic files. Other issues included the lack of communication between staff and being unable to schedule patient’s appointments.
Significance of the Issue
The virus infection of MedStar’s computer network was labeled by the FBI as “ransom ware” attack in which hackers remotely locked up a company’s computer system and hold the data hostage and then demand money. The significance of this attack does not only include invasion of privacy regarding employee’s personal information and patient’s medical information but also the potential for a health crisis. A dilemma in which such criminals and/or terrorist having access to treatment plans, medication information, doctor notes, and privileges could stage an epidemic that could be extremely harmful. This cyber-attack caused for everything to slow down tremendously. According to Stephen Frum, a labor representative for the National Nurses United, appointments and surgeries were delayed; lab results and the ordering of medications will take longer (Cox, 2016). Scheduling and record access are at the bare minimum. More importantly, the more severe of treatments cannot be administered.
Ransomware attacks seem to be growing in popularity, to which roughly $24M was paid in ransom in 2015. In 2016, hospitals in California, Kentucky, and even Canada were targeted the same as the Washington Metropolitan Area’s MedStar was.
Due to people having the ability to conduct and be successful in such attacks, processes needed to be put into place at a government level; that would address the civil liberties that apply to modern society. The Constitution was written in a time where technology was not an integral part of s ...
Systems Thinking on a National Level, Part 2Drew David.docxperryk1
Systems Thinking on a National Level, Part 2
Drew Davidson, Eric Sinclair Banyon, Shady Navarro, Shalamar Santana, Ziomara Pagan, & Stephanie Jean Coute
MHA/505
February 11, 2019
Rachael Kehoe
Running head: SYSTEMS THINKING ON A NATIONAL LEVEL, PART 2
1
SYSTEMS THINKING ON A NATIONAL LEVEL, PART 2
10
Systems Thinking on a National Level, Part 2
Cybersecurity breaches in the Healthcare industry pose a significant threat to those organizations. According to Gordon et al., cybersecurity breaches not only affect the patient’s information but it can also affect the organization's creditability (2017). When an organization creditability comes into question due to a cybersecurity breach, that organization may lose customers due to the fear of their information not being appropriately protected. In Healthcare it is crucial that we understand the impact of cybersecurity breaches. Most of the major hospital in the United States are using electronic medical records (EMR). A lot of hackers are using phishing methods to trick hospital and breaching their security protocol by tricking staff members into disclosing sensitive and personal information (Winder, 2014). Therefore, the following will discuss way cyber security breaches happen in the healthcare industry and way to prevent them from happening in the future.
Cyber Security Breach Diagram
Malicious and Non-Malicious
Cyber security breaches in healthcare can happen in several different ways. These different types of breaches can either be malicious or non-malicious. A malicious cyber security breech in healthcare, is when an individual or individuals purposely hacked into and attack or gain unauthorized access to members PII. Unauthorized access (such as hacking) to protected healthcare systems is the result of malicious behavior, things like holding the system ransom or stealing private information are acts of malicious behavior (Katz, 2018). Penetrating a system manually and disabling the systems defenses or by downloading software programs are other types of malicious behavior. Hacking is a malicious behavior, but just because the system is hack doesn’t necessarily mean any personal information is compromised. A number malicious cyber security breach may not be done intentionally but can cause just as many issues as a malicious cyber security breech. When data is unintentionally left exposed to an authorized access it is a non-malicious behavior. Cyber security breaches in healthcare can be the result of employee error or negligence. In healthcare malicious behavior is a portion of the inflow of cyber security breaches and non-malicious behavior is the portion of the outflow of a cyber security breech.
Eavesdropping
As a group, we have identified a multitude of cybersecurity breaches that are growing concerns amongst the healthcare providers and companies that offer their services to the community. Another one of these concerns’ hails in the form of eavesdropping. Eavesdropping is a d.
Running head THREAT MODELING WITH STRIDE .docxtoltonkendal
Running head: THREAT MODELING WITH STRIDE 1
THREAT MODELING WITH STRIDE 6
Threat Modeling with STRIDE
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Attacker Viewpoint
The most likely perpetrators who would nefariously attack a healthcare service organization would be hackers looking to make easy money (Ridinger G, John R, McBride M, & Scurich N, 2016). The best target in this case would have to be information in the HNetExchange, personally identifiable information at that. This includes names, a person’s addresses (both email and physical), their medical history and details of their credit cards. This information can be to target specific individuals or hold the institution at ransom. The hacker would encrypt the files in the organization’s HNetConnect database, then probably demand a ransom or they could take the information to sell it in the black market. For an institution making five hundred million dollars, that can be quite the bedrock for cyber-attacks even from people working in the company. This can be through the elevation of privilege in order to access HNetPay, hijacking the transfer of monies which could result in the colossal financial losses.
Asset Viewpoint
The company assets include:
The HNetConnect – This is the medium used by the organization to link up patients and doctors as per the patients’ needs. It helps make it easier for the clients to find the necessary medical attention easily and fast enough. The database uses HTTPS connections, meaning it requires the internet to run and any disconnection would definitely paralyze operations. This already creates a loophole for any technology savvy individual with the motive to shut down operations, and most probably demand ransom.
The HNetExchange – It is the cash cow of the firm. Its main function is servicing personal details belonging to other health centers, their clienteles and all information required in the healthcare setup, making it a hub of raw data belonging to anybody with a medical record. Another attribute of the feature is that information is transmitted over the web and thus making it susceptible to privy hackers. The attacker could exploit the loophole of having all this information at the same place, by attempting information disclosure or elevation of privilege.
The HNetPay – Clients, to make payments, use this secure portal for services rendered or otherwise. This includes running by credit cards through a third party organization. There is also a good feature in which there are different operating systems between the portal and the server acting as the database for info. This, however, can only prevent so much, with an attack on the third party element of the system being able to slow things down.
STRIDE
Spoofing – This common cyber-attack method entails send ...
White Paper :- Spear-phishing, watering hole and drive-by attacks :- The New ...Invincea, Inc.
The single largest threat your organization faces today is network breach. Spear-phishing, poisoned search results, drive-by downloads, and legitimate sites being compromised to push malware are all part of our current reality. The most successful and common attacks vectors stem from targeted attacks on your employees. Organizations need to utilize solutions that protect their network from user error and support requirements for continuous monitoring, real-time situational awareness and providing actionable threat intelligence for their security teams.
Health Network, Inc.HNetPay Payment DatabaseView Bill .docxpooleavelina
Health Network, Inc.
HNetPay
Payment
Database
View Bill –
Make Secure
Payments
View Bill -
Make Secure
Payments
HNetConnect Directory
Database
Doctors
Update
Profile
Customers
Query
HNetExchange
Message Server
(Primary Revenue)
Hospitals
(Customer)
Send Secure
Messages
Clinics
(Customer)
Receive Secure
Messages
View Bill -
Make Secure
Payments
Credit Card Processing Organization
Update
Profile
View Bill -
Make Secure
Payments
Update
Profile
Corporate Offices
Minneapolis
Arlington
Portland
650 Laptops/Mobile Devices
Data Centers
*Minneapolis
*Arlington
*Portland
1000 Servers
Loss of company data due to hardware removed from production systems
Loss of customers due to production outages
Internet threats due to accessibility via internet
Loss of company information due to lost/stolen laptops/mobile devices
Insider threats
Change in regulatory landscape impacting operations
Internet
Web
Server
(HNetConnect)
Application
Server
(HNetPay)
Database
Firewall
Email/Message
Server
(HNetExchange)
Credit Card Processing Organization
Users
Health Network, Inc.
Your Organization
.
ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
Management University of the Cumberlands
ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
Management University of the Cumberlands
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ISOL 533 - InfoSecurity & Risk
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HEALTH NETWORK
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Health network is a heath service organization headquartered in Minnesota. The organization has over 600 employees currently and it has an estimate revenue turnout of $500 million. In addition, the company has two other operational locations in Portland, Oregon and Arlington, Virginia which support mix of organization operations. Each facility is located near a co-lo ...
The Complete Guide to Ransomware Protection for SMBsProtected Harbor
"The Complete Guide to Ransomware Protection for SMBs" is a comprehensive eBook designed to empower small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) with practical strategies and expert advice to safeguard their digital assets from the growing threat of ransomware attacks.
In this essential guide, you will gain a deep understanding of ransomware, its devastating impact on SMBs, and the common tactics employed by cybercriminals. The eBook presents a step-by-step approach to developing a robust ransomware protection plan tailored to your SMB's unique needs and budget.
Learn about proactive measures such as employee education, strong access controls, and regular data backups to mitigate the risk of an attack. Discover the latest security technologies, including endpoint protection, network monitoring, and threat intelligence, and how to implement them effectively.
At RavenTek, we help healthcare providers secure what matters most, build organizational resilience against cyberattacks and maximize provider Return On Life. We combine world-class technologies, innovative security ideas and a forward-thinking team of problem solvers and consultants to secure healthcare providers. We believe enterprise visibility and persistent, always-on security testing is the essential foundation of every cybersecurity program.
Ryan Coleman is Vice President of Healthcare Cybersecurity at RavenTek.
“Many organizations security defences have been smacked Their earned reputation within a flash have been jacked Heartless jokes on them by others also have been cracked How come they’re sure that their firms haven’t been hacked?"
Security breaches have strong foot on healthcare industry this year. Nearly half of the organizations in healthcare were hit by security threats at least once this year and it is expected to increase in the forthcoming years.
The security breaches under HIPAA Violations could be classified as
• Stealth of Devices
• Process loopholes
• Employee Snooping
• Software defects
• Hacking
FBI And Cyber Crime | Crime Stoppers International Scott Mills
Crime Stoppers International 32nd Training Conference Presentation October 25, 2011 by Cyber Crime FBI Unit Chief David Wallace in Montego Bay, Jamaica
Similar to The Break-Even Equation and Profit CalculationSubmit written r.docx (20)
Accident Up Ahead!Listen to this text being read aloud by a hu.docxmehek4
Accident Up Ahead!
Listen to this text being read aloud by a human being by clicking on this link.
Answer questions #1 and #2 and then answer #3 or #4.
1. When an accident or disaster occurs, many people will panic or just stand there looking. Why do they react that way? (Answer using a short paragraph.)
2. What fears and doubts does Jody have to overcome as she works? What helps her to keep going? (Answer using two short paragraphs.)
3. Write a paragraph about an accident that you experienced as a victim, an observer, or the person who helped the victim.
or
4. As one of the Fortins or Jodouins, write a letter to Jody Stevens thanking her for what she did.
Accident Up Ahead!
JANICE TYRWHITT
THE NORTHBOUND BUS had scarcely left North Bay, Ontario, when-at 1:30 a.m. on Saturday, October 11, 1975-it came to an abrupt halt. Peering out the bus window at Highway 11, Jody Stevens saw a line of taillights stretching into the night. "There must be an accident up ahead," she said to her seatmate. "I had better get out and help." Jody, a young nurse from Toronto, was on her way home to spend Thanksgiving (and celebrate her twenty-fourth birthday) with her family in Timmins. An October drizzle soaked her shoulders as she trudged past a quarter mile of stopped traffic to an eerie scene. In the flickering light of Coleman lamps and road flares, she saw the two-lane highway spattered with blood. An old school bus converted into a camper lay on its side in the ditch. A hunter's pickup truck was stalled in the left lane, the bodies of two moose lolling grotesquely from the back. Off the right shoulder was a silver Mercedes-Benz with a smashed hood. In the lane between them a silent ring of people had gathered round a fourth vehicle-a blue 1973 Ford, a crumpled wreck, with four people in it.
"I think they're all dead," a burly man told Jody.
She caught her breath and thought, Well, Stevens, what do you do now? Jody had packed a lot of experience into the two years since her graduation as a registered nurse, most recently at the Toronto East General Hospital. She threw off her corduroy coat and crawled into the back seat of the crushed car.
While Jody was riding north, twenty-six-year-old Charles Jodouin, his wife Jeanne, and her parents Omer and Lucie Fortin, were driving south from Timmins to visit Jeanne's sister in Kingston. Despite the late hour, traffic in both directions was fairly heavy. They were less than three miles out of North Bay when, suddenly, the left rear wheel spun off an oncoming converted school bus: it flew straight into the grill of a pickup truck moving south just ahead of the Jodouins. Then, out of control, the camperbus skidded across the centre line and sideswiped the Jodouins' blue Ford. A split second later a brand-new Mercedes, travelling behind the camper, also slammed into the Jodouins.
Scrambling into the wrecked blue Ford, Jody found herself in a welter of blood and splintered glass. Trapped in the driver's se.
Access the annual report provided in Course Materials to complete .docxmehek4
Access
the annual report provided in Course Materials to complete the Financial Reporting Problem, Part 1 assignment due in Week Six.
Analyze
the information contained in the company’s balance sheet and income statement to answer the following questions:
·
Are the assets included under the company’s current assets listed in the proper order? Explain your answer.
·
How are the company’s assets classified?
·
What are cash equivalents?
·
What are the company’s total current liabilities at the end of its most recent annual reporting period?
·
What are the company’s total current liabilities at the end of the previous annual reporting period?
·
Considering all the information you have gathered, why might this information be important to potential creditors, investors, and employees?
Create a table to summarize any dollar value answers. Then Summarize
the analysis in a 700- to 1,050-word paper in a Microsoft
®
Word document.
Format
your paper and presentation consistent with APA guidelines.
.
Access the Internet to acquire a copy of the most recent annual re.docxmehek4
Access
the Internet to acquire a copy of the most recent annual report for the publicly traded company used to complete the Financial Reporting Problem, Part 1 assignment due in Week Six. (In week six, I wrote about Apple’s financial report)
Analyze
the information contained in the company’s balance sheet and income statement to answer the following questions:
·
Are the assets included under the company’s current assets listed in the proper order? Explain your answer.
·
How are the company’s assets classified?
·
What are cash equivalents?
·
What are the company’s total current liabilities at the end of its most recent annual reporting period?
·
What are the company’s total current liabilities at the end of the previous annual reporting period?
·
Considering all the information you have gathered, why might this information be important to potential creditors, investors, and employees?
Summarize
the analysis in a 700- to 1,050-word paper in a Microsoft® Word document.
Include
a copy of the company’s balance sheet and income statement.
Format
your paper and presentation consistent with APA guidelines.
.
Acc 290 Final Exam MCQs) Which financial statement is used to de.docxmehek4
Acc 290 Final Exam MCQs
) Which financial statement is used to determine cash generated from operations?
A. Income statement
B. Statement of operations
C. Statement of cash flows
D. Retained earnings statement
2) In terms of sequence, in what order must the four basic financial statements be prepared?
A. Balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, and capital statement
B. Income statement, capital statement, statement of cash flows, and balance sheet
C. Balance sheet, capital statement, statement of cash flows, and income statement
D. Income statement, capital statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows
3. In classifying transactions, which of the following is true in regard to assets?
A. Normal balances and increases are debits
B. Normal balances and decreases are credits
C. Normal balances can either be debits or credits for assets
D. Normal balances are debits and increases can be debits or credits
4. An increase in an expense account must be
A. debited
B. credited
C. either debited or credited, depending on the circumstances
D. capitalized
5. ABC Corporation issues 100 shares of $1 par common stock at $5 per share, which of the following is the correct journal entry?
C. Correct ANSWER (Go with this Option)
6. In the first month of operations, the total of the debit entries to the cash account amounted to $1,400 and the total of the credit entries to the cash account amounted to $600. The cash account has a
A. $600 credit balance
B. $1,400 debit balance
C. $800 debit balance
D. $800 credit balance
7. Which ledger contains control accounts?
A. Accounts receivable subsidiary ledger
B. General ledger
C. Accounts payable subsidiary ledger
D. General revenue and expense ledger
8. Smith is a customer of ABC Corporation. Smith typically purchases merchandise from ABC on account. Which ledger would ABC use to keep track of the details of Smith’s account?
A. Accounts receivable subsidiary ledger
B. Accounts receivable control ledger
C. General ledger
D. Accounts payable subsidiary ledger
9. Under the cash basis of accounting
A. revenue is recognized when services are performed
B. expenses are matched with the revenue that is produced
C. cash must be received before revenue is recognized
D. a promise to pay is sufficient to recognize revenue
10. Under the accrual basis of accounting
A. cash must be received before revenue is recognized
B. net income is calculated by matching cash outflows against cash inflows
C. events that change a company’s financial statements are recognized in the period they occur rather than in the period in which the cash is paid or received
D. the ledger accounts must be adjusted to reflect a cash basis of accounting before financial statements are prepared under generally accepted accounting principles
11. The Vintage Laundry Company purchased $6,500 worth of laundry supplies on June 2 and.
AC2760
Week 2 Assignment
Read the following scenario, and complete the form on the following worksheet:
On March 1, 2012, Mitch Quade established Mitch Realty, which completed the following transactions during the month:
(a)
Mitch Quade transferred cash from a personal bank account to an account to be used for the business in exchange for capital stock, $18,000.
(b)
Purchase supplies on account, $1,200.
(c)
Earned sales commission, receiving cash, $14,000.
(d)
Paid rent on office and equipment for the month, $2,800.
(e)
Paid creditor on account, $750.
(f)
Paid office salaries, $3,000.
Instructions:
1
Journalize entries for transactions (a) through (f).
Omit the journal entry explanations. Please use the drop-down list (right of the cell) to enter the account description box on the worksheet.
2
Post the journal entries the T accounts, placing the appropriate letter to the left of each amount to identify the transactions.
Determine the account balance after all posting is complete.
Accounts containing only a single entry do not need a balance.
3
Prepare and unadjusted trial balance as of March 31, 2012.
1.
Journal - Mitch Realty
Description
Debit
Credit
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
2.
Ledger - Mitch Realty
Cash
Capital Stock
(a)
(d)
(a)
(c)
(e)
(f)
Sales Commission
Bal.
(c)
Supplies
Office Salaries Expense
(b)
(f)
Accounts Payable
Rent Expense
(e)
(b)
(d)
Bal.
3.
MITCH REALTY
Unadjusted Trial Balance
March 31, 2012
Debit
Credit
Cash
Supplies
Accounts Payable
Capital Stock
Sales Commissions
Rent Expense
Office Salaries Expense
-
-
.
AC1220 Lab 5.1IntroductionJake determines that owning the .docxmehek4
AC1220 Lab 5.1
Introduction
Jake determines that owning the building where Jake’s Computer Sales and Repair operates makes more sense than leasing the facility. On June 1, 20x1, Jake exchanges a $180,000 note payable for the following fixed assets:
·
Land
·
Land improvements, including fencing, paving, lighting, and signage
·
Building
Jake hires an independent appraiser who assigns the following market values to the assets:
Asset
Fair Market Value
Land
$23,500
Land improvements
$8,000
Building
$164,500
Requirement 1
Jake must allocate the $195,000 among three asset classes: land, land improvements, and building.
a. Compute the total fair market value (FMV) of the lump-sum purchase of assets.
Asset
Fair Market Value
Land
$23,500
Land improvements
8,000
Building
164,000
Total
b. Express land improvements and building as a percentage of the total FMV and allocate the purchase price of $180,000 to land improvements and building—the computation is completed for land.
Asset
Fair Market Value
% of Total Fair Market Value
Purchase Price
Cost of Asset
Land
$23,500
12%
$180,000
$21,600
Land improvements
180,000
Building
180,000
Total
c. Journalize the purchase of the assets, using the allocated costs computed in Requirement 1b.
Date
Account and Explanation
Debit
Credit
6/1/x1
To record purchase of land, land improvements, and building
Requirement 2
a. Classify each of the following spending items as either a capital expenditure or an expense. Indicate the correct choice with an “x”:
Spending
Capital Expenditure
Expense
Routine repairs to fencing, $120 (cash)
Renovation of building, including addition to warehouse, $15,000 (on account)
Resurfaced paving, extending the remaining useful life of the paving from 3 to 5 years, $1,000 (cash)
b. Journalize the expenditures described in Requirement 2a.
Date
Account and Explanation
Debit
Credit
6/1/x1
To record repairs to fencing
6/1/x1
To record renovation of building
6/1/x1
To record extraordinary repair
Requirement 3
a. Using the straight-line depreciation method, compute the depreciation expense and the accumulated depreciation that would be recorded at December 20x1. Completing the shaded cells in the following table:
Date
Asset Cost
Depreciable Cost
Straight-line Depreciation Rate
Depreciation Expense
Accumulated Depreciation
Book Value
Jun 1, 20x1
1/5 x 6/12
b. Using the double-declining balance method, compute the depreciation expense and the accumulated depreciation that would be recorded at December 20x1. Complete the shaded cells in the following table:
Date
Asset Cost
Depreciable Cost
Double-Declining Depreciation Rate
Depreciation Expense
Accumulated Depreciation
Book Value
Jun 1, 20x1
c. Assume that a truck is expected to be driven 7,000 miles through December 31, 20x1, and that each mile driven represents one production unit. Usi.
Abstract(Provide the main generalizable statement resulting .docxmehek4
Abstract
(
Provide the main generalizable
statement
resulting from the paper briefly)
Introduction
(Explain what the assignment is about to the reader briefly)
Anthropology definition
: according to Schaefer (2010) is “……………………………………………..” (p.5).
Interpretation: In your own words
Example: from your experiences
How does the discipline interface with sociology? Connect anthropology with sociology
Psychology definition
:
Interpretation:
Example:
How does it interface with sociology?
Political Science definition
:
Interpretation:
Example:
How does discipline interface with sociology?
Economics definition
:
Interpretation:
Example:
How does discipline interface with sociology?
Sociology definition
:
Interpretation:
Example:
How does discipline interface with sociology?
.
Abusive relationships are at the core of the Coetzee novel, whether .docxmehek4
Abusive relationships are at the core of the Coetzee novel, whether men and their abuse of women, individuals and their abuse of animals, and men and their abuse of other men. What does Coatzee want to convey to the reader about the nature of abuse and violence in relationships? How does he see both as emblematic of South Africa?
5 page paper on this topic above and include quotes or textual examples from the book.
.
Abraham, J., Sick, B., Anderson, J., Berg, A., Dehmer, C., & Tufano, A. (2011).
Selecting a provider: What factors influence patients' decision making?
Journal of Healthcare Management
,
56
(2), 99–114.
Chullen, C. L., Dunford, B. B., Angermeier, I., Boss, R. W., & Boss, A. D. (2011).
Minimizing deviant behavior in healthcare organizations: The effects of supportive leadership and job design
.
Journal of Healthcare Management
,
55
(6), 381–397.
Compare the two studies by analyzing their samples. Use the following questions to guide you.
What sampling design is used?
Is the sample size adequate?
How does the sample affect the validity of the conclusions of the study?
.
Abraham, J., Sick, B., Anderson, J., Berg, A., Dehmer, C., & Tufano, A. (2011).
Selecting a provider: What factors influence patients' decision making?
Journal of Healthcare Management
,
56
(2), 99–114.
·
Chullen, C. L., Dunford, B. B., Angermeier, I., Boss, R. W., & Boss, A. D. (2011).
Minimizing deviant behavior in healthcare organizations: The effects of supportive leadership and job design
.
Journal of Healthcare Management
,
55
(6), 381–397.
Compare the two studies by analyzing their samples. Use the following questions to guide you.
1.
What sampling design is used?
2.
Is the sample size adequate?
.
A.Da la correcta conjugación para cada oración.(Give the corre.docxmehek4
A.
Da la correcta conjugación para cada oración.
(Give the correct verb conjugation in F
ormal Commandfor each sentence)
.
Top of Form
1.
_______________
Ud. la cama. (hacer)
2.
______________ Uds. la mesa. (poner)
3.
______________
Ud. a tiempo. (salir)
4.
_____________
Uds. a la fiesta. (venir)
5.
_____________ Ud. la verdad. (decir)
6.
______________ Uds. a la fiesta. (ir)
7.
______________Ud. bueno. (ser)
8.
______________ Uds. la información. (saber)
9.
______________ Ud. en la clase a tiempo.
(estar)
10.
______________ Uds. respecto a sus profesores.
(dar)
11.
______________ Ud. a clase. (ir)
12.
______________ Uds. buenos. (ser)
13.
______________
Ud. el libro en la mochila. (poner)
14.
______________ Uds. de la casa a las ocho.
(salir)
15.
______________
Ud. a mi casa. (venir)
Bottom of Form
.
Abraham Lincoln is considered by many historians to be the greatest .docxmehek4
Abraham Lincoln is considered by many historians to be the greatest American President. His drive to end slavery and to unify the nation was at great personal cost. For this assignment, you will access two important primary sources authored by Abraham Lincoln.
Using the Internet, review the following primary source document:
[Lincoln, A.?]. [ca. 1863].
The Emancipation Proclamation
. Archived document, U.S. National Archives & Records Administration. Retrieved from
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/
emancipation_proclamation/transcript.html
In addition, research the Internet for
The Gettysburg Address.
The
Webliography
for this module contains a link to this resource.
Based on your analysis of all the readings for this module, respond to the following:
What is Lincoln’s perception of liberty and equality?
Why did he place so much importance on the destruction of slavery and the continuation of one nation?
What examples from both documents demonstrate both civil liberties and rights?
Support your statements with appropriate scholarly references.
Write your initial response in a minimum of 300 words. Apply APA standards to citation of sources.
.
About half of the paid lobbyists in Washington are former government.docxmehek4
About half of the paid lobbyists in Washington are former government staff members or former members of Congress. Why would interest groups employ such people? Why might some reformers want to limit the ability of interest groups to employ them? On what basis might an interest group argue that such limits are unconstitutional?
.
ABC sells 400 shares of its $23 par common stock for $27. The entry .docxmehek4
ABC sells 400 shares of its $23 par common stock for $27. The entry would entail credit(s. to __________.
A. Cash for $9,200
B. Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par-Common for $800; Common Stock for $10,800
C. Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par-Common for $1,600; Common Stock for $9,200
D. Common Stock for $10,800
.
ABC company is increasing its equity by selling additional shares to.docxmehek4
ABC company is increasing its equity by selling additional shares to the public and also by converting its retained earnings. The total amount to be raised is $1,000. Given that the size of retained earnings is $300, how much should be raised externally (by issuing new shares)?
a) $700 b) $705 c) $1,000 d) $1,005 e) $300
.
A.The unification of previously fractious and divided Arab tribes.docxmehek4
A.
The unification of previously fractious and divided Arab tribes
B.
The capitulation of Jewish and Christian leaders
C.
Direct military assistance from the Sasanid state
D.
The exhaustion of the Byzantine Empire after Pyrrhic victories over the Ostrogoths and Vandals
.
A.Escribe la forma correcta del verbo en españolNosotros siem.docxmehek4
A. Escribe la forma correcta del verbo en español
Nosotros siempre_____________coca cola con la pizza. (drink)
Tú ________________________________ en Buenos Aires. (live)
Ellos ______________________________el pastel. (divide)
Yo _________________________la comida mexicana. (eat)
Paco ________________________el dinero en la caja. (hides)
Vosotros __________________________estudiar. (should)
Ramón y Carlos _______________________en el parque. (run)
La maestra __________________________ la puerta. (opens)
Yo _______________________el cuatro de Pedro. (describe)
Él _________________________el carro. (sells)
Tú ___________________un regalo para tu cumpleaños. (receive)
Los estudiantes______________________el libro. (read)
Vosotros ________________________a la clase de arte. (attend)
Ella ___________________________hacer la tarea. (promises)
Alejandra y yo ___________________a hablar español. (learn)
El hombre ____________________descubre el tesoro. (discovers)
Uds. ________________________las escaleras. (go up, climb)
Ud. ________________________el examen. (cover)
El niño _________________________la ventana. (breaks)
Las mujeres_________________________en Dios. (believe)
Escribe en español
We drink milk. _________________________________________
He breaks the window.____________________________________
They open the door.______________________________________
You (pl. Spain) promise to write.____________________________
I learn to speak Spanish.___________________________________
Contesta las preguntas
¿Dónde vives?____________________________________________
¿Lees muchos libros?______________________________________
¿Comes mucha comida mexicana?____________________________
¿Debes estudiar todos los días?_______________________________
¿Recibes buenas notas en todas tus clases?______________________
.
A.Both countries fought for independence from Great Britain, b.docxmehek4
A
.
Both countries fought for independence from Great Britain, but the United States won, and China did not.
B
.
Both countries were colonized, but the United States went on to become a major imperial power, and China did not.
C
.
Both countries established colonies in India, but the United States established commercial control, and China did not.
D
.
Both countries established colonies in the Caribbean, but the United States’ colonies rebelled, and China’s did not.
.
a.A patent purchased from J. Miller on January 1, 2010, for a ca.docxmehek4
a.
A patent purchased from J. Miller on January 1, 2010, for a cash cost of $5,640. When purchased, the patent had an estimated life of fifteen years.
b.
A trademark was registered with the federal government for $10,000. Management estimated that the trademark could be worth as much as $200,000 because it has an indefinite life.
c.
Computer licensing rights were purchased on January 1, 2010, for $60,000. The rights are expected to have a four-year useful life to the company.
Compute the acquisition cost of each intangible asset.
patent
trademark
licensing rights
.
A.) Imagine that astronomers have discovered intelligent life in a n.docxmehek4
A.) Imagine that astronomers have discovered intelligent life in a nearby star system. Imagine you are part of a group submitting a proposal for who on Earth should speak for the planet and what 50-word message should be conveyed. Be sure to answer all three questions below, if you choose this option.
(A) Who should speak for Earth and why?
(B) What should this person say in 50 words?
(C) Why is this message the most important compared to other things that could be said?
Instructions: should be at least 200 words.
B.) Observing Jupiter’s Moons
Big Idea: Sky objects have properties, locations, and predictable patterns of movements that can be observed and described.
Goal: Students will conduct a series of inquiries about the position and motion of Jupiter’s moons using prescribed Internet simulations.
Computer Setup:
Access http://space.jpl.nasa.gov/ and
a) Select THE MOON in the “Show me _______ “ drop down menu
b) Select THE SUN in the “as seen from _______ “ drop down menu
c) Select the radio button “I want a field of view of ____ degrees” and set the drop down menu to 0.5
d) Select the check box for EXTRA BRIGHTNESS and then Select “Run Simulator”
Phase I: Exploration
1) The resulting image shows what one would see looking through a special telescope. In this picture, where is the observer with the special telescope located?
2) How does the image change if you INCREASE the field of view?
3) What is the exact date of the image?
4) Astronomers typically mark images based on the time it currently is in Greenwich, England, called UTC. What is the precise time of the image?
5) Using a ruler to measure the distance on the screen between the middle of Earth and the middle of the Moon, what is the measured distance? You do NOT need to know the exact number of kilometers, but simply a ruler-measurement you can compare other measurements you make later. Alternately, you can use the edge of a blank piece of paper held in the landscape orientation and mark the positions of Earth and Moon or the Squidgit ruler found on the last page.
6) Use the browser’s BACK button to return to the Solar System Simulator homepage. Now, advance the time by 1 hour and determine the new distance between the Earth and Moon.
7) Use the browser’s BACK button to return to the Solar System Simulator homepage. Now, advance the time by one day from when you started and determine the new distance between the Earth and Moon.
8) Use the browser’s BACK button to return to the Solar System Simulator homepage. Now, advance the time by three days from when you started and determine the new distance between the Earth and Moon.
9) Use the browser’s BACK button to return to the Solar System Simulator homepage. Now, advance the time by five days from when you started and determine the new distance between the Earth and Moon.
10) Use the browser’s BACK button to return to the Solar System Simulator homepage. Now, advance the time by 10 days from when you s.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
The Break-Even Equation and Profit CalculationSubmit written r.docx
1. The Break-Even Equation and Profit Calculation
Submit written responses to these questions.
1.What are the formulas for: ◦The basis break-even equation
◦The basis breakeven equation expanded to include indirect
costs and desired profit?
2.Explain the relationship between step-five costs and the
relevant range.
3.Based on the product margin, when is it in the best interests
of an organization to continue or drop a service?
4.Laurie Vaden is a nurse practitioner with her own practice.
She has developed contracts with several large employers to
perform routine physical, fitness for duty exams, and initial
screening of on-the-job injuries. She currently sees 150 per
month, charging 450 per visit. Her total costs are $7,500, of
which $1,500 is for supplies. She has decided that she needs to
increase profit, so she is considering raising her fee to $65. She
expects to lose 10 percent of her business to competitors that
charge an average of 460 per visit. Determine her current and
predicted: 1) revenues, 2) variable costs, and 3) total
contribution margin. What do you recommend she do? Why?
5.Janet Gilbert is director of labs. She has some extra capacity
and has contracted with some small neighboring hospitals to run
some of their lab tests. She has recently had a study conducted
and has determined that her costs of these contracts are $10,000
of which $7,000 are for supplies and items related to each test.
She currently charges an average of $10,00 per lab test. She is
thinking of lowering her price by 20 percent in hopes of raising
her current volume of 10,000 tests by 15 percent. Determine her
current and predicted: 1) revenues, 2) variable costs, 3) total
contribution margin, and 4) net income. What do you
recommend she do? Why?
6.Shady Rest Nursing Home has 100 private pay residents. The
2. administrator is concerned about balancing the ratio its private
pay to non-private pay patients. Non-private pay sources
reimburse an average of $100 per day whereas private pay
residents pay average 100 percent of full daily charges. The
administrator estimates that variable cost per resident per day is
$25 for supplies, food, and contracted services and annual fixed
costs are $4,562,500. ◦What is the daily contribution margin of
each non-private pay resident?
◦If 25 percent of the residents are non-private pay, what will
shady Rest charge the private pay patients in order to break
even?
◦What if non-private pay payors cover 50 percent of the
residents?
7.The owner of Shady Rest Nursing Home insists that the
facility earn $80,000 in annual profits. How much must the
administrator raise the per day charge for the privately insured
residents if 25 percent of the residents are covered by non-
private pay payors?
Short essay 3: The Internet is a Dangerous Place
The Wave of Ransomware Attacks
Introduction
Ransomware is fetal software that encrypts or removes
access to computer files until a ransom payment is made.
Ransomware has been around since 1989, but has multiplied
over the past few years due to it’s widespread success
(Protects). Countries around the world, including the U.S., have
experienced this type of unconventional cyber attack. A new
trend in ransomware attacks have transformed into targeting
hospitals. About 60% of hospitals in the U.S. were targeted by
ransomware attacks from 2015-2016 and the costs of these
rasomware attacks are growing exponentially (Radke).
3. Ransomware strategically locks the computer system to prevent
healthcare facilities from accessing data until ransom is paid,
usually in Bitcoin. It is essential for hospitals across the U.S. to
reevaluate their cyber security strategies to protect themselves
from ransomware attacks.
How Ransomware Operates
Malware is extremely powerful and calculated software. A
user does not have to be present at the time of infection as
computers can become infected without being touched. The only
thing a hacker needs to infect a computer is for the computer to
be on and on the network (Chapell). It is simple for a hacker to
use an encryption vector specifically against health care
facilities and shut down their operations (Fox-Brewster). The
infection of a computer happens in one of two ways: by clicking
on a link or attachment in an email or by an exploit kit released
by a compromised website. Hackers use encryption and other
techniques to get their software to slip past antivirus security
undetected. A hacker could have access to a network for
months or even years without the users knowledge and could
deploy ransomware at any time (Radke). Ransomware is
different from other viruses because it alerts users of it presence
as part of it routine (Protects). Ransomware encrypts nearly all
types of files on hard drives and their shared networks,
including MS Office files, PDFs, documents, pictures and
videos (Radke). Once the encryption stage is complete, a lock
screen is displayed informing the user that they have a limited
time period to pay a ransom, usually in the form of Bitcoin. To
restore access the user must pay the ransom in exchange for a
decryption key. If the ransom isn’t paid by the deadline, the
price will go up for the files or the files will be destroyed.
Infection of a single computer can compromise the entire
network (Fox-Brewster). Digital extortion leaves organizations
with two options, decide if they can live without the encrypted
data or pay the ransom.
4. The Beginning of Widespread Ransomware Attacks
Widespread Ransomware attacks began when the National
Security Agency’s (NSA) cyber weapon WannaCry ransomware,
a powerful hacking tool, was stolen from the NSA in 2016. A
linked team of hackers known as the Shadow Brokers stole the
Windows hacking tool. The hacking tool infected users of
Windows Systems, which included many hospitals around the
world including the U.S. (Fox-Brewster). This tool created by
the NSA has created unexpected damage and done more harm
than good. Analysis of ransomware discovered that multiple
techniques are used to spread the virus. One of the techniques
was addressed by a security update previously provided for all
platforms of Windows XP to Windows 10. The Shadow Brokers
figured out a way to take advantage of the vulnerability in the
Windows operating system, which is how the WannaCry
ransomware attack was able to spread. After the attack,
Microsoft advised users to use caution when opening files in
emails from unknown sources, which is how malware is usually
spread (Glaser). WannaCry has proved that there is vulnerable
infrastructure capable of being hacked if systems aren’t
safeguarded.
U.S. Hospitals Affected by Ransomware
Hospitals hold sensitive customer data that needs to be
protected to ensure effective service and consumer privacy,
making them ideal targets for hackers. If healthcare providers
lose control of patient information, they may be unable to
deliver treatment when needed. There are also strict legal
requirements governing the protection of patient data. Both
cases make hospitals subject to lawsuits that could cost far more
than what they would have to pay in ransom (Yates). In
February of 2016, Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center,
located in Southern California was hit with a ransomware
attack. The hackers demanded ransom for $17,000, which was
one of the largest ransoms ever paid as result of a ransomware
attack (Protects). Hollywood Presbyterian experienced over a
5. week of downtime and disruption to their services due to the
attack. The attack affected all areas critical for keeping the
hospital up and running. Hollywood Presbyterian suffered
estimated losses of over $100,000 per day from disruption to CT
scans alone (Protects). Similarly in May of 2016, Kansas Heart
Hospital, in Wichita, KS, became infected with ransomware and
lost access to their files. The hospital paid the ransom but
received access to only some of its files. The attacker then
demanded more money before allowing the hospital to access
more of its files. Kansas Heart Hospital declined to pay any
more in ransom (Radke). Hospitals have critical information and
money to pay, making them easy targets.
Ransomware’s Impact on Hospitals
Administrative PC’s aren’t the only computers hacked during a
ransomware attack on hospitals, medical devices themselves are
affected to. When a hospitals network is compromised, it has
the potential to affect other Windows based devices connected
to that network. The impacts ransomware attacks have on
hospitals are detrimental to a hospital’s performances and
patient lives. These attacks can cause medical device outages,
which will lead to a delay in patient care, trigger more clinical
mistakes, and lead to an increase in resource needs (Fox-
Brewster). Many of the bigger machines in hospitals such as x-
ray, CAT Scan, and MRI machines run the Windows operating
system. Hackers preventing these machines from being used and
encrypting their information aren’t just canceling operations
and turning patients away, they have the potential to negatively
affect life and death situations. Ransomware locks medical staff
out of patient’s records until ransom money is paid up, and even
then it is not guaranteed that all the files will be unlocked. It is
difficult for doctors and nurses to treat patients without their
digital records or prescription dosages. The loss of patient
records can result in critical services being halted and
communication being suspended. Software affected by
ransomware attacks could potentially cause millions of peoples
6. data to be exposed (Protects). It is vital for hospitals to work
with their IT security teams to improve security software so
they wont have to pay the price of ransomware attacks.
Ransomware and it’s Cost to U.S. Hospitals
Due to success several high profile attacks have had on
hospitals, criminals are increasingly targeting healthcare
providers. Digital extortion is becoming more popular because
Ransomware cuts out the digital middlemen. Rather than
collecting credit card details that will need to be sold on the
dark web for lesser money, ransomware demands money directly
from healthcare providers for higher prices (Yates). In order to
calculate the true cost of ransomware, the cost of downtime due
to an attack has to be taken into account. Some ransomware
attacks have left entire hospitals shutdown for days,
outweighing the cost of the ransom itself. Unplanned downtime
at hospitals costs on average, $7,900 a minute per incident and
it takes physicians double time to perform administrator tasks
manually when their systems are down (Protects). Hospitals are
prime targets because they need up-to-date information from
patient records and often would rather pay a ransom than risk
delayed patient care that could result in lawsuits (Radke). In
order for hospitals to avoid a ransomware attack, they need to
make frequent backups, get good antivirus protection, and train
their employees on security awareness.
Preventing Ransomware Attacks
Cyber security firms and IT professionals are scrambling to find
ways to prevent future ransomware attacks on major companies,
organizations and hospitals globally. Hackers are constantly
developing different types of ransomware variants that avoid
detection by staying a step ahead of traditional security
software. In 2015, there were 362,000 new crypto-ransomware
variants spotted. That is an average of almost one thousand new
variants everyday, making it incredibly difficult for antivirus to
keep up with changing ransomware tactics (Protects). Ninety
7. three percent of phishing emails are delivering ransomware
because they attack a mass market, are low cost, and fully
automated (Protects). Unless hospitals have taken preventative
measures and invested in effective backup strategies, their
options are going to be extremely limited (Zetter). Each
variation of ransomware works differently, and hospitals must
be able to respond to new threats as rapidly and effectively as
possible by having technologies in place to recognize already-
used variations (Radke). FBI recommends that organizations not
pay ransoms, because attackers will not always give you the key
to decrypt your files. Also, paying the ransom simply leads to
more ransomware attacks (Radke). The best way for hospitals
to prevent ransom ware attacks is by restricting permissions to
areas of the network. Instead of having thousands of people
accessing files on a single server, they need to break the
network into smaller groups. This way, if a server gets infected,
it won’t spread ransomware to everyone on the network. This
forces attackers to work harder to locate and lock down more
servers (Zetter). If hospitals are able to turn their network into a
hard target to hack, these ransomware attackers will have to
work harder to hack their system.
8. Works Cited
Chappell, Bill, and Maggie Penman. “Ransomware Attacks
Ravage Computer Networks In Dozens Of Countries.” NPR,
NPR, 12 May 2017, www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-
way/2017/05/12/528119808/large-cyber-attack-hits-englands-
nhs-hospital-system-ransoms-demanded.
Fox-Brewster, Thomas. “Medical Devices Hit By Ransomware
For The First Time In US Hospitals.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine,
18 May 2017,
www.forbes.com/sites/thomasbrewster/2017/05/17/wannacry-
ransomware-hit-real-medical-devices/#241febfb425c.
Glaser, April. “U.S. Hospitals Have Been Hit by the Global
Ransomware Attack.” Recode, Recode, 27 June 2017,
www.recode.net/2017/6/27/15881666/global-eu-cyber-attack-us-
hackers-nsa-hospitals.
Protects, Inc Barkly. “Ransomware ProtectionA Guide to
Ransomware for Hospitals and Healthcare
Providers.” Ransomware for Hospitals and Healthcare
Providers: A Guide | Barkly, www.barkly.com/hospital-
ransomware-healthcare.
Radke, Bruce A., et al. “Ransomware Rises Among
Hospitals.” VedderPrice, Vader Thinking | Articles, July 2016,
www.vedderprice.com/ransomware-rises-among-hospitals.
Yates, Mark. “The Cost of Ransomware.” AVG, 9 May 2016,
www.avg.com/en/signal/the-cost-of-ransomware.
Zetter, Kim. “Why Hospitals Are the Perfect Targets for
Ransomware.” Wired, Conde Nast, 3 June 2017,
www.wired.com/2016/03/ransomware-why-hospitals-are-the-
perfect-targets/.
9. Essays and Papers: What is a Peer Review?
CSCI 3316 Fall 2017
1 Goals
This course is a “W” course. That means you will be learning
about writing, editing, and rewriting,
as well as about technology and ethics. Writing will help you
learn the course content. Learning
about both writing and ethics will happen when you read
another student’s work. This handout
describes what I expect you to do in your role as a peer-
reviewer for another student’s paper.
Students will be organized into pairs for each assignment. You
will receive your partner’s paper
in the email the day the first draft is due. Please print it out so
that you can write on the printed
copy. As you read the paper, mark anything you find that can be
improved. Following is a list of
things to look for.
1. Unclear passages. This is probably the most important kind
of help you can give your
partner. Identify passages that are confusing and mark them
with yellow highlighter. Do this
when the sentence is tangled and you do not understand what
the writer intended to say. Mark
a sentence that you cannot follow because it has too many
10. clauses or murky pronouns. Mark a
sentence if you need to read it three times to understand it.
2. Wrong choice of words. Circle a word or phrase if you think
the writer used the wrong word.
Do so even if you are unsure. Circle a word if it does not belong
in a professional communication.
Write WW
3. Unsupported claims. In our field, it is very important to be
able to support your claims
and opinions. Write UC in the margin opposite an unsupported
claim. Write BL if you believe
the writer is using bad logic or that the conclusion does not
follow from the evidence.
4. Hedges. A writer should not hedge his statements. For
example, a sentence should not start
with “I think that sometimes the answer is probably ... ”.
Without the hedging, this sentence
becomes: “Probably, ...”, or “Sometimes, ...”. Draw a line
through any hedges that you find.
5. Conciseness. Good writing is concise. Every word in the
sentence should contribute to the
meaning. Pretend you have to pay a fee for each word you write
– do not use three words where
one will do the job. For example, “Due to the fact . . . ” should
be replaced by ”Because. . . ” and
“really unique” should be, simply “unique”. Draw a line through
pads that you find. For example,
this sentence contains two pads: “You should circle a word if
you think the spelling is wrong.” Here
it is without the padding: “ Circle a word if the spelling is
wrong”.
11. 6. Other kinds of errors. For these kinds of errors, circle the
word or phrase and write an
error code in the margin. I do not expect you to be expert at
finding these errors. However, if you
see something, say something.
• For incorrect spelling, write SP.
• If the subject and verb do not agree, (plural/singular) write
SVA for subject/verb agreement.
• For a punctuation problem, write PN
• If the paragraph should be split into two paragraphs, write PR
near the split-point.
Essays and Papers: What is a Peer Review? CSCI 3316 Fall
2017 2
Finishing the review. Write a sentence or two about your
general impressions of the paper.
Say something you liked about the paper. Is it interesting?
convincing? Did you learn something
by reading it? Then state any criticisms. Is one part confusing?
Does some part seem mixed up
or wrong? How might the writer address that problem? Did the
writer fail to supply evidence for
a claim? Which one? What kind of evidence would help?
The avenues available for for-profit healthcare providers to
increase their equity position would be to increase the operation
and non-operation incomes, issue stock, and to create
partnerships. For non-profit health care providers, internally
generated funds, philanthropy, and government grants would be
the best ways to increases their equity.
The advantages for a taxpaying entity in issuing debt as
12. opposed to equity is that debt does not dilute ownership
interest, it is better for short-term financing, interest on debt
can be deducted for tax purposes (Coplan, 2009). Other
advantages are that there is less complication when there are
funds raised through debt there are fewer laws and regulations
that must be complied. There are future obligations of principle
and interest payments. The disadvantages are companies with
high debt see that it is difficult to serve the cost of debt. Debt
has a fixed obligation that must be paid at some point, there are
greater restrictions on a company regarding debt financing
through alternate sources, companies with high debt and equity
ratio are riskier, and interest repayment is a fixed obligation
which must be paid even if the company does not earn adequate
profits (Coplan, 2009).
Subordinated debentures are unsecured bonds that make
them minor to all present and future debt in the event of default,
liquidation, reorganization, and bankruptcy. It is debt that is
ranked after all other debts, has a lower priority than other
bonds, is repayable after other debts have been paid, are riskier
compared to other types of debts, have a higher rate of return,
and have a lower credit rating than senior bonds. Debenture is
an unsecured loan certificate issued by a company and backed
by a general credit rather than by specified assets. It is a
medium to long-term debt format used by large companies to
borrow money at a fixed-rate.
4. Why would an investment banker syndicate a bond issue with
other investment bankers?
5. If a $1,000 zero coupon bond with a 20-year maturity has a
market price of $311.80, what is its rate of return?
6. A tax-exempt bond was recently issued at an annual 8 percent
coupon rate and matures 20 years from today. The par value of
the bond is $1,000.
7. If a required market rates are 8 percent, what is the market
price of the bond?
8. If required market rates fall to 5 percent, what is the market
price of the bond?
13. 9. Charles City Hospital plans on issuing a tax-exempt bond at
the bond is $1,000.
10. If required market rates are 6 percent, what is the value of
the bond?
11. If required market rates fall to 12 percent what is the value
of the bond?
12. At what required market rate (3,6, or 12 percent) does the
above bond sell at a discount? At a premium?
13. Mercy Medical Mega Center , a taxpaying entity, has made
the decision to purchase a new laser surgical device. The device
costs $400,000 and will be depreciated on straight-line basis
over five years to a zero salvage value. Mercy Medical could
borrow the full amount at a 15 percent rate for five years. The
after-tax cost of debt equals 9 percent. Alternatively, it could
lease the device for five years. The before-tax lease payments
per year would be $80,000. The tax rate for this MegaCenter is
40 percent. From a financial perspective, should Mercy lease
the surgical device or borrow the money to purchase it and
why?
References
Coplan, J. (2009). Raising Capital: Equity vs. Debt. Retrieved
from Bloomberg:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2009-12-04/raising-
capital-equity-vs-dot-debt