Automated regression testing can improve quality and reduce testing time compared to manual regression testing. However, many organizations struggle to implement automated regression testing successfully. Common pitfalls include high maintenance of automated test scripts when the system under test changes, poor quality of automated test scripts if manual test cases are simply translated to scripts without redesign, and lack of a structured process and test automation framework. The article recommends selecting the right person for automating tests, choosing tools carefully, taking a generic approach to interacting with any application regardless of technology, designing test cases as logical business flows, creating reusable interaction functions, and building in error handling and reporting capabilities.
Why Automation Fails—in Theory and PracticeTechWell
Testers face common challenges in automation. Unfortunately, these challenges often lead to subsequent failures. Jim Trentadue explains a variety of automation perceptions and myths―the perception that a significant increase in time and people is needed to implement automation; the myth that, once automation is achieved, testers will not be needed; the myth that scripted automation will serve all the testing needs for an application; the perception that developers and testers can add automation to a project without additional time, resources, or training; the belief that anyone can implement automation. The testing organization must ramp up quickly on the test automation process and the prep-work analysis that needs to be done including when to start, how to structure the tests, and what system to start with. Learn how to respond to these common challenges by developing a solid business case for increased automation adoption by engaging manual testers in the testing organization, being technology agnostic, and stabilizing test scripts regardless of applications changes.
This document provides an introduction to software testing for startups. It discusses that testing early in the development cycle results in faster development, better software, and enhanced investment appeal. It recommends creating test cases based on functional specifications and menus. The document outlines six principles of testing, including that you cannot test every scenario and defects congregate in particular areas. It recommends testing frequently with both developers and testers working closely together.
The document discusses introducing automated testing to software projects using the Automated Testing Lifecycle Methodology (ATLM). The ATLM provides a structured six-phase approach to deciding on, acquiring, introducing, planning, executing, and reviewing automated testing. It addresses common misconceptions around test automation and outlines the methodology's phases and processes to help organizations implement automated testing successfully.
Exploratory Testing - A Whitepaper by RapidValueRapidValue
Exploratory testing is a hands-on approach that involves simultaneous test design, execution, and learning. It minimizes planning and maximizes test execution. Exploratory testing is beneficial for situations with time constraints or limited product knowledge, as it reduces test design time by designing and executing tests in parallel. Key advantages include finding important bugs, increasing test coverage, and enhancing understanding of the product being tested.
Basically this slid will help to Learn software quality testing on scratch level.
Software testing is the quality measures conducted to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service. Test techniques include, but are not limited to, the process of executing a program or application with the intent of finding software bugs. It is an important part of the entire Software Development ensuring that the functionalities of the system are tested to the finest and assures the quality, correctness and completeness of the product. Software testing, depending on the testing method employed, can be implemented at any time in the development process.
Stages of testing:
o Test planning
o Test Analysis
o Test verification & Construction
o Test execution
o Defect tracking and management
o Quality Analysis Bug tracking
o Report
o Final testing & implementation
Exploratory Testing: Make It Part of Your Test StrategyTechWell
Developers often have the unfortunate distinction of not thoroughly testing their code. It’s not that developers do not understand how to test well; it’s just that often they have not had an opportunity to understand how the product works. Kevin Dunne maintains that implementing a team-wide exploratory testing initiative can help build the collaboration and knowledge sharing needed to elevate all team members to the level of product master. Exploratory testing can be performed by anyone, but the real challenge is making sure that the process is properly managed, documented, and optimized. Kevin describes the tools necessary to drive a deeper understanding of software quality and to implement an effective and impactful exploratory testing practice. Creating better software is not just about writing code more accurately and efficiently; it is about delivering value to the end user. Well-executed exploratory testing helps unlock this capability across the entire development team.
Influence of emphasized automation in ciBugRaptors
To choose testing during software development, Bugraptors always uses the Continuous Integration and continuous deployment to decide the way of testing i.e: Automation or Manual. It is very important to decide the testing during software development to ensure quality meeting project constraints.
The document provides an overview of test automation and discusses why organizations automate testing, the benefits of test automation including increased coverage, repeatability, and leverage of resources, and when automation may not be appropriate such as for unstable designs or applications with inexperienced testers. It emphasizes that test automation requires an initial investment and ongoing maintenance. Automation should not be seen as a way to reduce testing resources or compensate for lack of expertise. The document also outlines best practices for test automation, including developing a test framework to manage the process and avoid duplication of effort, and setting realistic expectations about the time required to realize benefits.
Why Automation Fails—in Theory and PracticeTechWell
Testers face common challenges in automation. Unfortunately, these challenges often lead to subsequent failures. Jim Trentadue explains a variety of automation perceptions and myths―the perception that a significant increase in time and people is needed to implement automation; the myth that, once automation is achieved, testers will not be needed; the myth that scripted automation will serve all the testing needs for an application; the perception that developers and testers can add automation to a project without additional time, resources, or training; the belief that anyone can implement automation. The testing organization must ramp up quickly on the test automation process and the prep-work analysis that needs to be done including when to start, how to structure the tests, and what system to start with. Learn how to respond to these common challenges by developing a solid business case for increased automation adoption by engaging manual testers in the testing organization, being technology agnostic, and stabilizing test scripts regardless of applications changes.
This document provides an introduction to software testing for startups. It discusses that testing early in the development cycle results in faster development, better software, and enhanced investment appeal. It recommends creating test cases based on functional specifications and menus. The document outlines six principles of testing, including that you cannot test every scenario and defects congregate in particular areas. It recommends testing frequently with both developers and testers working closely together.
The document discusses introducing automated testing to software projects using the Automated Testing Lifecycle Methodology (ATLM). The ATLM provides a structured six-phase approach to deciding on, acquiring, introducing, planning, executing, and reviewing automated testing. It addresses common misconceptions around test automation and outlines the methodology's phases and processes to help organizations implement automated testing successfully.
Exploratory Testing - A Whitepaper by RapidValueRapidValue
Exploratory testing is a hands-on approach that involves simultaneous test design, execution, and learning. It minimizes planning and maximizes test execution. Exploratory testing is beneficial for situations with time constraints or limited product knowledge, as it reduces test design time by designing and executing tests in parallel. Key advantages include finding important bugs, increasing test coverage, and enhancing understanding of the product being tested.
Basically this slid will help to Learn software quality testing on scratch level.
Software testing is the quality measures conducted to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service. Test techniques include, but are not limited to, the process of executing a program or application with the intent of finding software bugs. It is an important part of the entire Software Development ensuring that the functionalities of the system are tested to the finest and assures the quality, correctness and completeness of the product. Software testing, depending on the testing method employed, can be implemented at any time in the development process.
Stages of testing:
o Test planning
o Test Analysis
o Test verification & Construction
o Test execution
o Defect tracking and management
o Quality Analysis Bug tracking
o Report
o Final testing & implementation
Exploratory Testing: Make It Part of Your Test StrategyTechWell
Developers often have the unfortunate distinction of not thoroughly testing their code. It’s not that developers do not understand how to test well; it’s just that often they have not had an opportunity to understand how the product works. Kevin Dunne maintains that implementing a team-wide exploratory testing initiative can help build the collaboration and knowledge sharing needed to elevate all team members to the level of product master. Exploratory testing can be performed by anyone, but the real challenge is making sure that the process is properly managed, documented, and optimized. Kevin describes the tools necessary to drive a deeper understanding of software quality and to implement an effective and impactful exploratory testing practice. Creating better software is not just about writing code more accurately and efficiently; it is about delivering value to the end user. Well-executed exploratory testing helps unlock this capability across the entire development team.
Influence of emphasized automation in ciBugRaptors
To choose testing during software development, Bugraptors always uses the Continuous Integration and continuous deployment to decide the way of testing i.e: Automation or Manual. It is very important to decide the testing during software development to ensure quality meeting project constraints.
The document provides an overview of test automation and discusses why organizations automate testing, the benefits of test automation including increased coverage, repeatability, and leverage of resources, and when automation may not be appropriate such as for unstable designs or applications with inexperienced testers. It emphasizes that test automation requires an initial investment and ongoing maintenance. Automation should not be seen as a way to reduce testing resources or compensate for lack of expertise. The document also outlines best practices for test automation, including developing a test framework to manage the process and avoid duplication of effort, and setting realistic expectations about the time required to realize benefits.
Today, top companies leverage automated testing to increase product longevity, reduce costly and repetitive build-out, and improve iteration quality. This whitepaper will provide a brief introduction to automated testing. It will also address the benefits and limitations of automated testing and give an in-depth example of consumer-driven contract testing.
resume graham (2006) book FUNDAMENTALS OF TESTING
resume of Graham et al Foundationf of Software Testing (2006)
created by Fadhilla Elita information system class
This document provides an overview of test automation including why to automate, when not to automate, fundamentals of test automation, test frameworks, test library management, selecting automation approaches, the automation process, test execution, metrics, and management reporting. Key points covered include the need to set realistic expectations for automation, treat it as a strategic rather than short-term solution, and realize that no tool can compensate for a lack of testing expertise or unstable applications that are difficult to automate. Automation requires initial investment and planning to realize benefits like increased coverage, faster execution, and reduced failure costs.
The document discusses software testing and preparation for the ISTQB Foundation Certification exam. It covers topics like quality assurance and control, different software development and testing models, types of testing, the testing life cycle, defect management, and test automation. It provides descriptions and explanations of these key testing concepts.
The document discusses a framework for automatically testing agent-based systems using fault models. It proposes defining fault models that specify assumptions about when faults are likely to occur in the system under test. This allows an automated testing process to generate test cases, execute them, and identify any failures as existing faults. The framework extracts information from design documents to test individual units like plans without understanding their internal logic. It aims to provide comprehensive test coverage while reducing costs compared to manual testing. Defining fault models is meant to make the testing process more effective at revealing faults compared to existing techniques.
HCLT Whitepaper: Landmines of Software Testing MetricsHCL Technologies
http://www.hcltech.com/enterprise-transformation-services/overview~ More on ETS
It is not only desirable but also necessary to assess the quality of testing being delivered by a vendor. Specific to software testing, there are some discerning metrics that one an look at, however it must be kept in mind that there are multiple factors that affect these metrics which are not necessarily under the control of testing team. The SLAs for testing initiatives can, and should, only be committed after a detailed understanding of the customer’s IT organization in terms of culture and process maturity and after analyzing the various trends among these metrics. This white paper lists some of the popular testing metrics and the factors one must keep in mind while reading in to their values.
Excerpts from the Paper
The estimates and planning for testing is based on certain assumptions and available historical data. However if there are higher number of disruptions (than anticipated) to testing in terms of environment unavailability or higher number of defects being found and fixed, the quality time available for testing the system would be less and hence higher number of defects slip through the testing stage. We must ensure that the data on defects on all subsequent stages are also available and are accurate. Production defects are usually handled by a separate Production support team and testing team is at times not given much insight in to this data. Also, since multiple projects and/or Programs would be going live, one after another, there are usually challenges in identifying which defects in Production can be attributed to which Project or Program. Inaccuracies in assignment would lead to inaccurate measure of test stage effectiveness.
Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its components to find whether it satisfies specified requirements. Testing is generally done by software testers, developers, project managers, and end users. There are different types of testing like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing. Testing is performed at various stages of the software development life cycle to verify that the system is built correctly and meets requirements.
This document discusses exploratory testing and defines it as "Any testing to the extent that the tester actively controls the design of the tests as those tests are performed and uses information gained while testing to design new and better tests." It describes how all testers do some exploratory testing. Exploratory testers rely on a variety of knowledge, including knowledge of specific domains, risks, and testing techniques. Exploratory testing can differ based on a tester's personality and experiences. Questioning strategies like the Phoenix Checklist can help exploratory testers generate effective questions to test software.
Elise Greveraars - Tester Needed? No Thanks, We Use MBT!TEST Huddle
EuroSTAR Software Testing Conference 2008 presentation on Tester Needed? No Thanks, We Use MBT! by Elise Greveraars. See more at conferences.eurostarsoftwaretesting.com/past-presentations/
This document discusses IBM's approach to advanced defect management. It introduces two of IBM's analytical predictive capabilities: the IBM Defect Reduction Method, which classifies and analyzes defects to find and fix them early, and the Test Planning and Optimization Workbench, which delivers an optimized test strategy and project planning through defect predictions. Using these capabilities, IBM has achieved substantial gains for clients such as reduced costs, accelerated schedules, improved quality, and lower risks. The document provides examples of how IBM has helped validate testing estimates and select accelerators for clients to reduce production defects.
Exploratory testing involves simultaneous test design, execution, and learning without pre-set test cases. Testers are free to explore the product like real users to find bugs missed in scripted testing. It is useful early in development when requirements are vague and the system is unstable. Challenges include needing experienced testers and careful documentation. Crowd testing can help overcome challenges by providing skilled testers across devices and locations. Exploratory testing finds critical bugs quickly and improves scripted tests and product understanding by encouraging creativity and new perspectives.
Static analysis techniques can analyze source code without executing it to find potential issues. It checks for violations of coding standards and detects problems like unreachable code, undeclared variables, and array index errors. Data flow analysis examines how variables are defined and used. Control flow analysis checks for unreachable nodes, infinite loops, and conformance to flow patterns. Cyclomatic complexity measures a program's structural complexity. Static analysis has limitations but can efficiently find certain faults before testing begins.
Automation simplifies and speeds up the testing process for large projects. Test automation is crucial to achieve test coverage and speed for large projects. A combination of manual testing and test automation can provide adequate test coverage. Automation testing powered by crowd sourcing provides a cost-effective solution that helps access skilled testing experts and combat challenges in achieving full test coverage. Some benefits of crowd-sourced automation include expert support in creating scripts, script maintenance, ability to test on different devices, and savings in time and money.
This document discusses software testing fundamentals. It defines key terms like testing, bugs, and defects. Testing is described as a quality control activity done throughout development to find defects before customers. There are different types of testing like unit, integration, and system level testing. Test management refers to planning testing activities and includes elements like test basis, test objects, and test conditions. Test automation involves automating manual testing processes using tools to replay test cases for comparison to expected results.
Performans testleri nasıl yapılmalı?
• Performans Test Stratejisinin Belirlenmesi
o Risklerin, Rol ve Sorumlulukların Belirlenmesi
o Performans Test Araçlarının Belirlenmesi
• Performans Test Süreçlerinin Oluşturulması / İyileştirilmesi
• Performans Testlerinin Planlanması
o Performans Gereksinimlerinin Toplanması ve Belirlenmesi
o Test Edilecek ve Edilmeyecek İşlemlerin Belirlenmesi
o İşlem Bazında Yük Seviyelerinin ve Senaryolarının Belirlenmesi
• Performans Testlerinin Hazırlanması ve Koşumu
o Test Senaryolarının (script’lerin) Hazırlanması
o Test Senaryolarının (script’lerin) Çalıştırılması
• Performans Testlerinin Raporlanması
o Performans Test Sonuçlarının Analizi ve Raporlanması
Performans Testleri ile daha fazla bilgi almak için www.keytorc.com
Performans Testing Approach
• Principles of performance testing
• Identification of performance test metrics
• Identification of performance test acceptance criteria
• Determination of critical load and stress levels
• Set up and configuration of performance test environment
• Selection and configuration of performance test automation tools
• Design and preparation of performance test scripts
• Preparation of performance test data
• Preparation of load scenarios
• Execution of performance tests
• Analysis and verification of performance test results
• Ways of improving system performance
• Tips on performance testing
• Mitigation of risks about performance testing
• Required skills for performance testers
Contact us for more information about performance testing: http://www.keytorc.com/en/index.html
The tester is dead, long live the tester. A vision on the tester by Beersma &...Bernd Beersma
This is the presentation of Bernd Beersma(@bbeersma) & Erik Bits(@erikbits) created for the Belgium Testing Days. It's a vision on the changing profession of the tester by 2020.
The document summarizes the author's experience with test automation over the past 15+ years, from 1999 to present. It describes the evolution of test automation from (1) record and playback tools, which had maintenance issues, to (2) data-driven test automation and reuse of generic functions to reduce maintenance, but challenges remained. The author then developed (3) a generic, technology-independent test automation framework at a large insurance company project to further improve maintenance and reuse across systems.
The pyramid approach to testtool selectionBernd Beersma
The document describes a pyramid approach for selecting an automated testing tool that involves 4 phases: 1) creating a long list of potential tools, 2) shortening the list to the top candidates, 3) conducting proofs of concept with top candidates, and 4) piloting the top one or two tools. Each phase involves defining requirements, evaluating tools, and ensuring stakeholder involvement before moving to the next phase. The goal is to select the best fitting tool through a structured process.
Comrads Solutions is a marketing automation company based in Amsterdam that has over 10 years of experience. They provide various web-based marketing solutions including digital asset management, workflow management, order management, and webtop publishing. Their solutions help clients realize marketing priorities, reduce costs, shorten time to market, and ensure brand consistency. They have proven success with large clients across various industries.
Today, top companies leverage automated testing to increase product longevity, reduce costly and repetitive build-out, and improve iteration quality. This whitepaper will provide a brief introduction to automated testing. It will also address the benefits and limitations of automated testing and give an in-depth example of consumer-driven contract testing.
resume graham (2006) book FUNDAMENTALS OF TESTING
resume of Graham et al Foundationf of Software Testing (2006)
created by Fadhilla Elita information system class
This document provides an overview of test automation including why to automate, when not to automate, fundamentals of test automation, test frameworks, test library management, selecting automation approaches, the automation process, test execution, metrics, and management reporting. Key points covered include the need to set realistic expectations for automation, treat it as a strategic rather than short-term solution, and realize that no tool can compensate for a lack of testing expertise or unstable applications that are difficult to automate. Automation requires initial investment and planning to realize benefits like increased coverage, faster execution, and reduced failure costs.
The document discusses software testing and preparation for the ISTQB Foundation Certification exam. It covers topics like quality assurance and control, different software development and testing models, types of testing, the testing life cycle, defect management, and test automation. It provides descriptions and explanations of these key testing concepts.
The document discusses a framework for automatically testing agent-based systems using fault models. It proposes defining fault models that specify assumptions about when faults are likely to occur in the system under test. This allows an automated testing process to generate test cases, execute them, and identify any failures as existing faults. The framework extracts information from design documents to test individual units like plans without understanding their internal logic. It aims to provide comprehensive test coverage while reducing costs compared to manual testing. Defining fault models is meant to make the testing process more effective at revealing faults compared to existing techniques.
HCLT Whitepaper: Landmines of Software Testing MetricsHCL Technologies
http://www.hcltech.com/enterprise-transformation-services/overview~ More on ETS
It is not only desirable but also necessary to assess the quality of testing being delivered by a vendor. Specific to software testing, there are some discerning metrics that one an look at, however it must be kept in mind that there are multiple factors that affect these metrics which are not necessarily under the control of testing team. The SLAs for testing initiatives can, and should, only be committed after a detailed understanding of the customer’s IT organization in terms of culture and process maturity and after analyzing the various trends among these metrics. This white paper lists some of the popular testing metrics and the factors one must keep in mind while reading in to their values.
Excerpts from the Paper
The estimates and planning for testing is based on certain assumptions and available historical data. However if there are higher number of disruptions (than anticipated) to testing in terms of environment unavailability or higher number of defects being found and fixed, the quality time available for testing the system would be less and hence higher number of defects slip through the testing stage. We must ensure that the data on defects on all subsequent stages are also available and are accurate. Production defects are usually handled by a separate Production support team and testing team is at times not given much insight in to this data. Also, since multiple projects and/or Programs would be going live, one after another, there are usually challenges in identifying which defects in Production can be attributed to which Project or Program. Inaccuracies in assignment would lead to inaccurate measure of test stage effectiveness.
Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its components to find whether it satisfies specified requirements. Testing is generally done by software testers, developers, project managers, and end users. There are different types of testing like unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing. Testing is performed at various stages of the software development life cycle to verify that the system is built correctly and meets requirements.
This document discusses exploratory testing and defines it as "Any testing to the extent that the tester actively controls the design of the tests as those tests are performed and uses information gained while testing to design new and better tests." It describes how all testers do some exploratory testing. Exploratory testers rely on a variety of knowledge, including knowledge of specific domains, risks, and testing techniques. Exploratory testing can differ based on a tester's personality and experiences. Questioning strategies like the Phoenix Checklist can help exploratory testers generate effective questions to test software.
Elise Greveraars - Tester Needed? No Thanks, We Use MBT!TEST Huddle
EuroSTAR Software Testing Conference 2008 presentation on Tester Needed? No Thanks, We Use MBT! by Elise Greveraars. See more at conferences.eurostarsoftwaretesting.com/past-presentations/
This document discusses IBM's approach to advanced defect management. It introduces two of IBM's analytical predictive capabilities: the IBM Defect Reduction Method, which classifies and analyzes defects to find and fix them early, and the Test Planning and Optimization Workbench, which delivers an optimized test strategy and project planning through defect predictions. Using these capabilities, IBM has achieved substantial gains for clients such as reduced costs, accelerated schedules, improved quality, and lower risks. The document provides examples of how IBM has helped validate testing estimates and select accelerators for clients to reduce production defects.
Exploratory testing involves simultaneous test design, execution, and learning without pre-set test cases. Testers are free to explore the product like real users to find bugs missed in scripted testing. It is useful early in development when requirements are vague and the system is unstable. Challenges include needing experienced testers and careful documentation. Crowd testing can help overcome challenges by providing skilled testers across devices and locations. Exploratory testing finds critical bugs quickly and improves scripted tests and product understanding by encouraging creativity and new perspectives.
Static analysis techniques can analyze source code without executing it to find potential issues. It checks for violations of coding standards and detects problems like unreachable code, undeclared variables, and array index errors. Data flow analysis examines how variables are defined and used. Control flow analysis checks for unreachable nodes, infinite loops, and conformance to flow patterns. Cyclomatic complexity measures a program's structural complexity. Static analysis has limitations but can efficiently find certain faults before testing begins.
Automation simplifies and speeds up the testing process for large projects. Test automation is crucial to achieve test coverage and speed for large projects. A combination of manual testing and test automation can provide adequate test coverage. Automation testing powered by crowd sourcing provides a cost-effective solution that helps access skilled testing experts and combat challenges in achieving full test coverage. Some benefits of crowd-sourced automation include expert support in creating scripts, script maintenance, ability to test on different devices, and savings in time and money.
This document discusses software testing fundamentals. It defines key terms like testing, bugs, and defects. Testing is described as a quality control activity done throughout development to find defects before customers. There are different types of testing like unit, integration, and system level testing. Test management refers to planning testing activities and includes elements like test basis, test objects, and test conditions. Test automation involves automating manual testing processes using tools to replay test cases for comparison to expected results.
Performans testleri nasıl yapılmalı?
• Performans Test Stratejisinin Belirlenmesi
o Risklerin, Rol ve Sorumlulukların Belirlenmesi
o Performans Test Araçlarının Belirlenmesi
• Performans Test Süreçlerinin Oluşturulması / İyileştirilmesi
• Performans Testlerinin Planlanması
o Performans Gereksinimlerinin Toplanması ve Belirlenmesi
o Test Edilecek ve Edilmeyecek İşlemlerin Belirlenmesi
o İşlem Bazında Yük Seviyelerinin ve Senaryolarının Belirlenmesi
• Performans Testlerinin Hazırlanması ve Koşumu
o Test Senaryolarının (script’lerin) Hazırlanması
o Test Senaryolarının (script’lerin) Çalıştırılması
• Performans Testlerinin Raporlanması
o Performans Test Sonuçlarının Analizi ve Raporlanması
Performans Testleri ile daha fazla bilgi almak için www.keytorc.com
Performans Testing Approach
• Principles of performance testing
• Identification of performance test metrics
• Identification of performance test acceptance criteria
• Determination of critical load and stress levels
• Set up and configuration of performance test environment
• Selection and configuration of performance test automation tools
• Design and preparation of performance test scripts
• Preparation of performance test data
• Preparation of load scenarios
• Execution of performance tests
• Analysis and verification of performance test results
• Ways of improving system performance
• Tips on performance testing
• Mitigation of risks about performance testing
• Required skills for performance testers
Contact us for more information about performance testing: http://www.keytorc.com/en/index.html
The tester is dead, long live the tester. A vision on the tester by Beersma &...Bernd Beersma
This is the presentation of Bernd Beersma(@bbeersma) & Erik Bits(@erikbits) created for the Belgium Testing Days. It's a vision on the changing profession of the tester by 2020.
The document summarizes the author's experience with test automation over the past 15+ years, from 1999 to present. It describes the evolution of test automation from (1) record and playback tools, which had maintenance issues, to (2) data-driven test automation and reuse of generic functions to reduce maintenance, but challenges remained. The author then developed (3) a generic, technology-independent test automation framework at a large insurance company project to further improve maintenance and reuse across systems.
The pyramid approach to testtool selectionBernd Beersma
The document describes a pyramid approach for selecting an automated testing tool that involves 4 phases: 1) creating a long list of potential tools, 2) shortening the list to the top candidates, 3) conducting proofs of concept with top candidates, and 4) piloting the top one or two tools. Each phase involves defining requirements, evaluating tools, and ensuring stakeholder involvement before moving to the next phase. The goal is to select the best fitting tool through a structured process.
Comrads Solutions is a marketing automation company based in Amsterdam that has over 10 years of experience. They provide various web-based marketing solutions including digital asset management, workflow management, order management, and webtop publishing. Their solutions help clients realize marketing priorities, reduce costs, shorten time to market, and ensure brand consistency. They have proven success with large clients across various industries.
The document discusses setting up an Agile Support Center (ASC) for test and maintenance. It outlines three main reasons for establishing an ASC:
1. To enable reuse of knowledge and testware across teams through centralized management.
2. To facilitate flexible resourcing by efficiently using available testing time through approaches like insourcing, outsourcing, and hybrid models.
3. To provide a single point of communication for coordinating testing activities between the ASC and Scrum teams via techniques such as standardized ticket workflows and periodic planning adjustments.
My presentation for the Belgium Testing Days 2013 and the TestKit conference 2012. This presentation is on how a structured approach can help you to choose and implement a test tool in a successful way
Setting up an Agile Support Center ExpoQA 2014 Bernd Beersma and Erik BitsBernd Beersma
Ever wondered how you can support your Agile and Maintenance teams with testing? Especially test automation and testing of the non functionals? Have a look at our presentation. For information bernd(@)2b4qa.nl
Mario J. Novoa Filmmaker Internet Marketing Strategist @mariojnovoaMario J. Novoa
This document provides testimonials and recommendations for Mario J. Novoa from past colleagues and clients. It describes Mario as a seasoned professional with strong skills in filmmaking, project management, and team leadership. Prior colleagues note his attention to detail, positive attitude, and ability to get jobs done on time and to a high standard. Clients found him easy to work with and praised the quality of his work in areas like editing, sound recording, and project coordination. Overall, the recommendations portray Mario as a dedicated, skilled, and collaborative professional in the film and media industries.
The document describes plans to transform Port Sultan Qaboos in Muscat, Oman into a world-class waterfront destination. Key points include:
- Port Sultan Qaboos will be converted from a commercial port into an integrated tourist port, enhancing the historical area of Muttrah.
- The development will include a mix of attractions, activities, public spaces, hotels, residences, and retail to create a vibrant community and destination for tourists and locals.
- Investors will have opportunities to partner with the Omani government on developing different zones within the waterfront project.
The document discusses key aspects of successful test automation including:
1. Applying a software development process to automation to improve reliability and maintainability.
2. Improving testing processes with robust manual testing and defect management before automating.
3. Clearly defining requirements for what to automate and goals of the automation effort.
The document discusses common myths about test automation including:
1) That automation testing is better than manual testing, whereas they serve different purposes with automation for checking facts and manual for exploration.
2) Achieving 100% test coverage is not practical with either approach, and focus should be on important functionality rather than full coverage.
3) Automation does not necessarily find more defects than manual testing, as scripts only check what is programmed and major flaws can be missed. Automation is better for regression while manual is better for new functionality.
Strategies to improve effectiveness of Test automation & ROIBugRaptors
Automated testing tools are capable of executing the test cases, reporting the outcomes and comparison of results with the previous test runs. Tests that are once carried out with these tools can be run repeatedly. But one thing to be considered is that all the test automation projects do not deliver expected ROI and success. The reason could be utilization of wrong test practices. The testers implement the test automation tools even if they are not aware of the right procedures which reduces the effectiveness of test automation.
Why and When to Use Automation in Software TestingV2Soft
Automation in software testing is becoming increasingly popular due to its ability to reduce costs, improve accuracy and efficiency, and allow for faster delivery of products. Automated testing can help developers identify bugs early in the development cycle, leading to fewer errors and better-quality software. Automation also reduces the need for manual testing, freeing up resources that can be used elsewhere. By automating specific tasks, testers can focus on more complex tasks that require human judgement and experience. Ultimately, automation helps reduce time-to-market while improving the quality of the product.
Kanoah Tests is a test management tool that integrates seamlessly with JIRA. It allows coordinating all test management activities like planning, authoring, execution, and reporting from within JIRA. Users praise Kanoah Tests for its simple and elegant solution compared to other plugins, and for the responsive customer service. The tool provides features like test case authoring at the story level, test planning and execution, test importing, and a REST API for test automation. It offers benefits like centralized test management, end-to-end traceability, and real-time insights into testing progress through built-in reports.
This document discusses different types of automated testing tools. It describes capture/playback tools which record manual test steps for automated replay. Test scripting tools allow programmers to write scripts that input test data and check outputs. Random input tools randomly test a program to try to cause failures without validating outputs. Model-based tools generate tests from a model of the system under test to thoroughly cover its states and behaviors. Each tool type has advantages like ease of rerunning tests, but also disadvantages like maintenance effort or limited testing.
Automation testing is crucial for large projects to achieve test coverage and speed. It is best suited when tests are repetitive, such as regression testing of unchanged parts of an application. Automation allows companies to execute repetitive and difficult tests faster to get quick feedback on new builds. However, automation requires significant investment and effort, so it is best to start with critical workflows that are stable and unlikely to change. Leveraging a crowd testing platform can help combat challenges in achieving full test coverage through a strategic combination of in-house and crowd-sourced testing.
Manual testing requires testers to cycle through the data continuously, utilize various input combinations, record observations, and compare outcomes to intended behavior. Automated testing leveraging test data automation accelerates all of these operations, and testing teams may execute automated tests across many operating systems and hardware setups using a single tool.
The document discusses factors to consider when determining whether to automate testing or not. It outlines questions to ask about the project status, team readiness, and challenges commonly encountered with automation. Key factors include having frequent regression cycles, a stable GUI, dedicated staff and budget, and comprehensive manual test cases. Common problems are incorrect tool selection, inadequate skills training, aiming too high for full automation, poor test design, and neglecting maintenance as automated tests require updates. Automation is best suited for regression testing but not a replacement for all manual testing.
SQA Solution’s software test automation services combines the speed of software test automation with low cost. We have automated testing for applications running on every major platform, using a wide range of well-known tools as well as custom-developed test automation solutions.
The document discusses software test automation. It defines software test automation as activities that aim to automate tasks in the software testing process using well-defined strategies. The objectives of test automation are to free engineers from manual testing, speed up testing, reduce costs and time, and improve quality. Test automation can be done at the enterprise, product, or project level. There are four levels of test automation maturity: initial, repeatable, automatic, and optimal. Essential needs for successful automation include commitment, resources, and skilled engineers. The scope of automation includes functional and performance testing. Functional testing is well-suited for automation of regression testing. Performance testing requires automation to effectively test load, stress, and other non-functional requirements
Top 5 Pitfalls of Test Automation and How To Avoid ThemSundar Sritharan
The document discusses top pitfalls of test automation and how to avoid them. It identifies the top 5 pitfalls as: 1) diving into open source tools without preparation, 2) developing test scripts without standardization, 3) automating all test cases without prioritization, 4) choosing in-house testing over cloud options, and 5) assuming automation testing is not the tester's job. It provides guidance on how to effectively implement test automation by choosing the right tools, standardizing test development, prioritizing test cases, leveraging cloud options, and defining tester responsibilities.
Automated testing involves developing and executing test scripts using an automated test tool to verify test requirements. It has advantages like reduced costs, increased efficiency, and improved quality. However, automated testing also has limitations such as an inability to test certain aspects that require physical interaction. The automated test life-cycle methodology involves planning, designing, executing, and reviewing automated tests. Key steps include deciding what to automate, acquiring suitable tools, and analyzing the testing process.
Automated testing involves managing and executing test scripts to verify requirements using an automated test tool. It has advantages like reduced costs, increased efficiency, and improved quality compared to manual testing. However, automated testing also has limitations such as not all tests can be automated. There are various automated test tools and methodologies that can be used at different stages of the software development life cycle. The document then provides details on tools and methods for automated testing used at CAR IMM Iasi such as DOORS for requirements management, SiTemppo for test management, and TUX, TTCN-3, and Silk Test for automated testing.
Automated testing involves developing and executing test scripts using an automated test tool to verify test requirements. It has advantages like reduced costs, increased efficiency, and improved quality. However, automated testing also has limitations such as an inability to test certain aspects that require physical interaction. The automated test life-cycle methodology involves planning, designing, executing, and reviewing automated tests. Key steps include deciding what to automate, acquiring suitable tools, and analyzing the testing process.
This document provides an introduction to automation testing. It discusses the need for automation testing to improve speed, reliability and test coverage. The document outlines when tests should be automated such as for regression testing or data-driven testing. It also discusses automation tool options and the process for automating tests. While automation testing provides benefits like time savings, it also has limitations such as the need for programming skills and maintenance of test code. Key challenges of automation testing include unrealistic expectations of tools and dependency on third party integrations.
This document provides an introduction to automation testing. It discusses the need for automation testing to improve speed, reliability and test coverage. The document outlines when tests should be automated such as for regression testing or data-driven testing. It also discusses automation tool options and the types of tests that can be automated, including functional and non-functional tests. Finally, it addresses the advantages of automation including time savings and repeatability, as well as challenges such as maintenance efforts and tool limitations.
There is no doubt about the importance of automated frameworks in the Agile environment and as part of the day-to-day testing process. These are some insights to guide any automation project.
3. jects I have seen. So it is important to think about a structured process for test au-
tomation (keyword-driven, data-driven or scenario-driven), and
This makes this test automation approach an expensive, ineffec- to also consider how to set up a good test automation framework.
tive and time consuming one, with little or no benefits.
How to start with a structured and generic approach
Garbage in, garbage out for test automation
A common misunderstanding of test automation is the fact that
automated test scripts are of better quality than manual test In this part we will focus on creating a structured, generic frame-
scripts. Ok, by eliminating the human factor in execution of the work for test automation. In a few steps I will try and explain how
test scripts you will reduce the chance of errors through repeated you can set up an automation framework that will help you to
execution of the script during retest or regression test. But still, improve your automated testing. The first important step is:
the automated test script is as good as the tester who created
Selecting the right person for the job
it. For example, if you set up an automated test with poor cover-
age or one of poor quality, automating this test will only lead to As mentioned in one of the pitfalls listed above, you need to select
speeding up the execution and will give a poor result in less time. the right person for the job. Test automation needs a specialist
So test automation starts with setting up a proper test case de- with the right skills and knowledge. He/she needs testing experi-
sign which leads to good test cases to automate. ence, development skills, planning skills etc. You need someone
dedicated for building your test automation framework and not
Lack of knowledge and expertise
someone who is only available part-time.
A lot of organizations set up test automation as part of a test
Selecting the right tool for the job
project because they want to improve testing. They already have
a test policy and a good testing methodology and want to start There are hundreds of test tools for automating test execution.
with the next step, test automation. Often this starts with some- From simple open source web automating tools to very complex,
one who has heard of test automation as the best solution for multi-platform and multi-technology tools (tools that use record
improving quality with less effort and at lower costs. and playback, tools for scripting etc.). The most important rule to
keep in mind is to select the right tool for the job. Start with defin-
So without any knowledge of test automation, the green light ing requirements for your tool and start a tool selection project.
is given and some tester starts with test automation. Tool selec- Don’t underestimate this part of test automation; it is a crucial
tion is done by this tester and in most cases the outcome is a tool part for success.
which is already in use by development, or a tool part of a broader
Creating a different mindset
suite of tools which is already part of the organization’s software
landscape. The tester has to implement this tool alongside other We have selected one or more tools for doing the job. The next
test activities. The biggest mistake to make is to think that you can thing I want you to do is to create a different mindset about inter-
do test automation in parallel to your other activities. You need to acting with any application. Most of the people I advised on test
think of it as a project of its own. The tester has to be dedicated automation had their eyes opened after I told them the following:
to set up test automation. He /she has to have an affinity to tools,
and a technical background (former developer) can be a big plus. We want to test a chain of applications, from a web front-end to
The tester needs to know the language of testers, but also that of a mainframe back-end. We have a variety of screens to test. In the
developers. The tester doing test automation is a specialist. web front-end we create a new account for an online insurance
company. To do so we have a few screens to interact with:
If the tester is not able to focus entirely on the task of setting up
• Press the link Create new account on the Home screen
test automation, there is a good chance that test automation will
fail. What if the tester is only partially available for test automa- • Fill and submit the data in screen My account information
tion and spends the other part doing regular testing activities? • Verify New account has been created
When a change in the SUT occurs, the tester has to divide the time
between two tasks, where the priority is on test automation. If Now we need to modify some information in the back-end via ter-
this is not the case due to a lack of time, the quality of testing minal emulation. To do so, we again have a few screens to interact
can degrade, and also testing time can take longer because auto- with:
mated test execution is not possible.
• Search account on the Search screen
The lack of a structured process and a test automation framework
• Modify account information and save account information
As mentioned earlier, organizations start with test automation by • Verify account information has been changed
selecting a tool and then trying to automate as many test scripts
as possible. Unfortunately, not much thought is given on how to We just created an account in a web front-end and changed in-
set up test automation in a way that it is easy, maintainable and formation in the back-end. We identified several screens, also
scalable. After a while these organizations conclude that hun- two different technologies, but is there a difference for us? No,
dreds or even thousands of test scripts have been made, without because it makes no difference, a screen is a screen independent
thinking about the use of external test data, re-usable tests or from technology or environment. This is true for most of the ob-
setting up a generic framework for test automation. Missing this jects that are in a SUT. In almost every application we expect the
is missing out on successful test automation. Maintaining the same, we fill in the fields on a screen and do some kind of action
automation software and creating new scripts will be time con- (Enter or F4), and we arrive in a new state. This new state can be a
suming. More effort is needed from the test automation team, new screen or the existing screen that has been modified.
with higher costs but little result.
www.testingexperience.com The Magazine for Professional Testers 129
4. Now that we have reached this mindset that interacting with an test case which can make it complex to automate.
application, any application, is the same for us, no matter what
kind of application or technology, we can go to the next step. A possible better way is to translate the business process that
needs to be tested into separate steps. Let’s get back to the ac-
Format of a test case
count we just created. Several steps were needed to create the
If you want to start setting up test automation in a structured account:
and generic way, you have to focus on two sides, namely test case
• Press link Create new account
design on the one side and automation of these test cases on the
other. There has to be a uniform way to create new test cases, so • Fill and submit the data in screen My account information
they themselves can be a uniform input for the test automation • Verify New account has been created
scripts.
Once the steps have been identified, we translate them into a
One such way is the use of key words or action words for test case logical business flow (in most cases the Happy Flow) and create
design. You create your test step with an action word, e.g. “Press this for example in Microsoft Excel™ or Open Office Calc™. I prefer
Submit”, and in the automation software you program all steps a spreadsheet program for the overview in rows and columns and
necessary to press the submit button in the SUT. The problem for its power to manipulate data like variable dates etc.
here is that you still have a lot of different action words in your
The flow consists of different steps ,and each step represents a or environment, we can start with the automation process itself.
screen or part of a screen with input, verifications and actions.
For example: For the automation we use the selected tool for its unique ca-
pability to steer objects in the SUT. So this can be a commercial
• Fill the Name field with First Name
multi-platform tool, or an open source web automation tool, or
• Verify the default value in the Country combo box any other tool. The overall approach stays the same.
• Press Continue Creating generic interaction functions
Once we set up this vertical flow, you will see that it’s a highly So, let’s start automating test cases. As stated before, a screen
readable and understandable way of setting up your test cases. is a screen and a button is a button. Keeping this in mind you
This test case can be read by the tester, the test automation spe- can start defining your first generic interaction functions to start
cialist, but also by business users. This is a great advantage, be- with a test automation framework. Simple functions that can
cause it can be used as communication with all parties involved push a button or fill in an edit field. You can do so by recording or
in the testing process. Because of the power of the spreadsheet programming (depends on the selected tool) a single steps “Push
program, new alternative flows can be developed very quickly and Button Next” and try and make a generic function out of it like
a high coverage can be reached. “Push Button(x)”. Where Button(x) is of course any button avail-
able in the SUT.
Now that we have this uniform way of creating test cases and the
mindset that every screen is the same regardless of technology
130 The Magazine for Professional Testers www.testingexperience.com
5. Interacting with different types of objects
If you do this for a variety of objects that are available in the SUT,
you build a library with all kinds of these generic functions, e.g. First of all you have to have an idea of how these test tools work.
When trying to interact with a SUT, a test tool needs technical
• Push Button(x)
information on the object it wants to interact with. This steering
• Fill Edit box(x) information is crucial to the test tool. Many test tools use a repos-
• Select combo box value(x), etc. itory to store this information in, but I choose to keep it outside
of the tool. If we store this information within an XML file (ob-
Of course you need to do all kinds of verifications on objects, for ject map), we can maintain it outside the tool when something
example check the default country selected in a combo box when changes. For example, maintenance can be done by the develop-
you first access a webpage. For this you create a set of functions ment team, they know best what technical information is needed
like above, but only now for verification purposes. to steer an object.
Now you are able to automate the testing of an entire screen and So now we have all the information needed for objects to be
verify values etc., but where is the next catch? steered in this XML file, and the generic interaction functions that
need this information are also available. Within the framework
you need to build in some functionality to read the technical in-
formation from the XML file and use it in the functions that need
this information. The XML functionality will be used for other Preferably, you will want to know what happened, in what step,
parts of the framework as well (this will be explained below). on which screen and on what object on this screen. I believe the
best way is to create reporting functionality which stores the
Error handling and reporting results in an XML-file for each test step executed. Why XML? Be-
cause then you can import it to a big variety of tools available and
What if unexpected behavior occurs, or objects on your screen create custom reports.
have changed? You need to built proper error handling. Building
Final steps
functions for error handling is an important part of your test au-
tomation framework. So now almost everything is in place for a generic test automa-
tion framework which can help improve your automated regres-
At this moment let’s look back at the primary goal of automated sion testing. There are just a few things left to do:
testing: “Automation of test cases”. When we manually execute
• Get the information stored within your test case in the
the test cases we just created, we will verify them, and if some- spreadsheet program into your test automation framework;
thing is incorrect we log a defect. In the case of automated test
execution, however, what if the test executes on a system on an- • Run the test case within your automation framework.
other floor or even in another country. How do we know if an error
occurs and what defect to create. We need some kind of reporting The next big step is to read your test cases from the spreadsheet
to these things, so the next step is to build in reporting function- program, because all the information you need for the flow you
ality in your test automation framework. want to test is in the spreadsheet. There are many ways to do so,
132 The Magazine for Professional Testers www.testingexperience.com
6. for instance create a comma separated file, open a text stream
from the test tool and read line by line from the file. However, > biography
since we use XML for other parts of the framework, why not ex-
port the spreadsheet to an XML file. Because the functionality for Bernd Beersma
reading from an XML file was already created, we can now com- is competence leader test au-
tomation and senior test con-
bine test step information and steering information for screens/
sultant with Squerist. He has
objects etc. at runtime. over 9 years experience with
different forms of test auto-
At this moment a generic test automation framework has been mation and performance test-
created that is ready to use. ing for different companies.
Bernd holds a bachelor de-
Conclusion
gree in software engineering
Can we avoid the pitfalls mentioned earlier? First of all the main- and became acquainted with
tenance issue. By using a framework as described in this article software testing during this
period.
you can reduce maintenance, mostly because you only need to
During his numerous customer assignments Bernd creat-
identify new or modified screens/objects and add or change the ed different frameworks and solutions for test automation
technical information in the object map. with a broad variety of tools. These different approaches
led to creating a generic approach for test automation.
The second pitfall, garbage in is garbage out. Because of the way As a result of his knowledge about test automation, he also
test cases are created in the spreadsheet, you always will get the gives advice on how to implement test automation and
same input for your test automation. This reduces the amount of does workshops and trainings.
garbage in, because there is less room for errors or own interpre- Bernd is a member of the TestNet Test Automation work-
tation of test cases. Ok, spelling errors or faulty test data are still group and co-initiator of the Test Automation Day.
His goal is to keep on learning and thus improving his skills
a risk, because the test cases are as good as the tester creating
on test automation.
them.
Third, Lack of knowledge and expertise. This one is very important,
you need to have the right person and the right tool for the job.
Skilled test automation specialists are a must, but also make sure
you have a good tool selection process. Your framework depends
heavily on both.
The last pitfall is of course the one about the lack of a structured
process and a test automation framework. If you take all of the
above into account and you have the knowledge, time and the
right tools, you are able to create a structured process and a test
automation framework.
You and your test organization are now ready to experience all
the advantages that good test automation can provide, and in do-
ing so your regression testing will improve.
134 The Magazine for Professional Testers www.testingexperience.com