Tang dynasty
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The Tang dynasty saw China stimulated by contact with India and the Middle East, the invention of block printing to more easily write things down, and was considered the golden age of Chinese literature and art. It lasted from the 7th to 10th century AD and was ruled by several emperors including an empress named Wu, ending in 907 AD.
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Guzes 7
Tugh Temur was an emperor of the Yuan dynasty who sponsored many cultural activities such as poetry, painting, and reading classical texts. Examples of his competent poetry and calligraphy have survived. He wrote poetry, painted, and read classical texts as hobbies during his rule.
Desiderio 2
The Tang Dynasty ruled northern Vietnam from 618-907 AD, asserting Chinese power in the region. The first inscription in the Khmer language was carved at Angkor Borei in 612 AD. Some of the earliest buildings were constructed at Mi Son in central Vietnam between 600-700 AD, making it a major site for centuries.
Trade R outes Notes
During the Medieval Period, major trading routes developed across Asia, Africa, and Europe, including the Silk Road, maritime routes in the Indian Ocean, and trans-Saharan routes. These trading networks aided the spread of technology, culture, religions, and goods between different regions. Goods like spices, textiles, and porcelain were traded, and ideas such as paper, crops, and religions diffused widely. States and empires in Africa engaged in this trade and were influenced by other civilizations in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Africa Notes
1) Several major empires rose and fell in pre-colonial Africa, including Ghana, Mali, and Songhai in West Africa known for trans-Saharan trade of gold and salt.
2) In East Africa, the Aksum and Zimbabwe empires grew wealthy through trade of ivory and gold along Indian Ocean trade routes.
3) Trade brought economic growth as well as spread of Islam and Christianity throughout Africa, with Timbuktu becoming a center of learning under Mali rule.
Contact And Interaction
- India, China, and Southeast Asia engaged in overland and maritime trade along major routes like the Silk Road. They traded goods like spices, silk, tea, and gold.
- Territorial expansion by empires like the Mauryans and invasions by Alexander the Great helped establish trade routes across India. The Han dynasty expanded Chinese control and established routes in Central Asia.
- Major port cities in each region grew prosperous from maritime trade. Southeast Asian kingdoms sent tribute to China through diplomacy along trade networks. Cultural exchange of ideas, religion, and customs occurred along these interaction corridors.
Gok turks
The Gok Turks were the first Turkish empire who used the name "Turk". They originated from Central Asia in the 6th-7th centuries AD and were nomadic pastoralists and skilled metalworkers. The Gok Turks left important cultural legacies, including inscriptions describing their history and rulers. They influenced neighboring cultures through trade and migration while maintaining traditions like felt-making, kaftan clothing, musical instruments like the dombra, and foods like yogurt and ayran. The Gok Turks' syncretic religion called Göktanrı, emphasizing a sky god, helped pave the way for the later acceptance of Islam among Turks.
Art of Africa and African-American Artists
This document provides an overview of African art, music, performance, and culture. It discusses the long history and highly developed cultures that have existed across the immense continent of Africa for centuries. Specific groups and traditions are highlighted, including the Akan peoples of Western Africa, the Yoruba of Nigeria, and cultural practices around birth, coming of age rituals, costumes, textiles like kente cloth, and the important role of visual arts and performances in African religions. Dominant themes in African art are also outlined, such as birth, death, gender roles, and the relationship between humans and nature.
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Guzes 7
Tugh Temur was an emperor of the Yuan dynasty who sponsored many cultural activities such as poetry, painting, and reading classical texts. Examples of his competent poetry and calligraphy have survived. He wrote poetry, painted, and read classical texts as hobbies during his rule.
Desiderio 2
The Tang Dynasty ruled northern Vietnam from 618-907 AD, asserting Chinese power in the region. The first inscription in the Khmer language was carved at Angkor Borei in 612 AD. Some of the earliest buildings were constructed at Mi Son in central Vietnam between 600-700 AD, making it a major site for centuries.
Trade R outes Notes
During the Medieval Period, major trading routes developed across Asia, Africa, and Europe, including the Silk Road, maritime routes in the Indian Ocean, and trans-Saharan routes. These trading networks aided the spread of technology, culture, religions, and goods between different regions. Goods like spices, textiles, and porcelain were traded, and ideas such as paper, crops, and religions diffused widely. States and empires in Africa engaged in this trade and were influenced by other civilizations in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Africa Notes
1) Several major empires rose and fell in pre-colonial Africa, including Ghana, Mali, and Songhai in West Africa known for trans-Saharan trade of gold and salt.
2) In East Africa, the Aksum and Zimbabwe empires grew wealthy through trade of ivory and gold along Indian Ocean trade routes.
3) Trade brought economic growth as well as spread of Islam and Christianity throughout Africa, with Timbuktu becoming a center of learning under Mali rule.
Contact And Interaction
- India, China, and Southeast Asia engaged in overland and maritime trade along major routes like the Silk Road. They traded goods like spices, silk, tea, and gold.
- Territorial expansion by empires like the Mauryans and invasions by Alexander the Great helped establish trade routes across India. The Han dynasty expanded Chinese control and established routes in Central Asia.
- Major port cities in each region grew prosperous from maritime trade. Southeast Asian kingdoms sent tribute to China through diplomacy along trade networks. Cultural exchange of ideas, religion, and customs occurred along these interaction corridors.
Gok turks
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Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty was founded by a Han Chinese peasant and former Buddhist monk who became a rebel army leader. During the Ming dynasty, the Forbidden City was built in Beijing. Additionally, the Ming admiral Zheng He led seven epic voyages from China to locations including the south pacific, Indian ocean, Taiwan, Persian Gulf, and distant parts of Africa.
Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty ruled China in the 13th-14th centuries and was established by the Mongols, who used educated Chinese people to fill government posts, which proved disastrous. Despite this inauspicious start, the dynasty saw rich cultural diversity develop before coming to an end in 1368 AD.
Song dynasty
The Song dynasty ruled China until 1279 AD and was divided between the Northern and Southern Song, with the northern part conquered by barbarians. The Song used a bureaucracy of civilian scholar officials to concentrate power across China. The Song era ended in 1279 AD with the fall of the Southern Song.
The three kingdoms
The three kingdoms period in China saw the formation of three separate kingdoms after civil wars began due to disunity, leading to important inventions like gunpowder, wheelbarrows, and fireworks. Buddhism and Confucianism also grew in popularity during this time until the three kingdoms period ended in 80 BC.
Han dynasty
The Han dynasty retained much of the centralized administrative structure of the Qin dynasty but established some vassal principalities in certain areas for political convenience. Technology advanced during the Han dynasty to include paper, the compass, and the seismograph. The Han dynasty also expanded trade with foreign countries.
Zhou dynasty
The Zhou dynasty was the first to unite China under a single government. However, the Zhou king was killed by invading barbarians allied with rebel lords, causing the dynasty to divide into western and eastern Zhou and relocate the capital. The Zhou dynasty ended in 221 BC when China was then unified again under the Qin dynasty.
Shang dynasty
The Shang dynasty was an agricultural society that ruled China after overthrowing the Xia dynasty. They built the Great Wall of China during this period to protect against attacks from foreigners and invaders. The dynasty relied on agriculture as well as hunting and raising livestock.
Xia dynasty
The Xia dynasty was the first Chinese dynasty, lasting at least 500 years from around 2100 BC. It was established by Yu the Great under the Abdication System. The Xia made contributions including developing the early Chinese calendar system and crafting bronze items with embedded jade for decorative purposes.
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Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty was founded by a Han Chinese peasant and former Buddhist monk who became a rebel army leader. During the Ming dynasty, the Forbidden City was built in Beijing. Additionally, the Ming admiral Zheng He led seven epic voyages from China to locations including the south pacific, Indian ocean, Taiwan, Persian Gulf, and distant parts of Africa.
Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty ruled China in the 13th-14th centuries and was established by the Mongols, who used educated Chinese people to fill government posts, which proved disastrous. Despite this inauspicious start, the dynasty saw rich cultural diversity develop before coming to an end in 1368 AD.
Song dynasty
The Song dynasty ruled China until 1279 AD and was divided between the Northern and Southern Song, with the northern part conquered by barbarians. The Song used a bureaucracy of civilian scholar officials to concentrate power across China. The Song era ended in 1279 AD with the fall of the Southern Song.
The three kingdoms
The three kingdoms period in China saw the formation of three separate kingdoms after civil wars began due to disunity, leading to important inventions like gunpowder, wheelbarrows, and fireworks. Buddhism and Confucianism also grew in popularity during this time until the three kingdoms period ended in 80 BC.
Han dynasty
The Han dynasty retained much of the centralized administrative structure of the Qin dynasty but established some vassal principalities in certain areas for political convenience. Technology advanced during the Han dynasty to include paper, the compass, and the seismograph. The Han dynasty also expanded trade with foreign countries.
Zhou dynasty
The Zhou dynasty was the first to unite China under a single government. However, the Zhou king was killed by invading barbarians allied with rebel lords, causing the dynasty to divide into western and eastern Zhou and relocate the capital. The Zhou dynasty ended in 221 BC when China was then unified again under the Qin dynasty.
Shang dynasty
The Shang dynasty was an agricultural society that ruled China after overthrowing the Xia dynasty. They built the Great Wall of China during this period to protect against attacks from foreigners and invaders. The dynasty relied on agriculture as well as hunting and raising livestock.
Xia dynasty
The Xia dynasty was the first Chinese dynasty, lasting at least 500 years from around 2100 BC. It was established by Yu the Great under the Abdication System. The Xia made contributions including developing the early Chinese calendar system and crafting bronze items with embedded jade for decorative purposes.
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Tang dynasty
- 1. Tang dynasty • The was stimulated by contact with India and the Middle East. • The invention block printing was invented to write things easier. • The Tang was the golden age of literature and art. • Tang had an empress named Wu. • It ended in 907 A.D