This document discusses syntax and the structure of words. It explains that words can be classified into open word classes, which have many members and include nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, and closed word classes, which have fewer members and include prepositions, conjunctions and pronouns. It also discusses derived words, which are formed by adding affixes, versus non-derived words. Additionally, it covers the different types of adjectives, including attributive adjectives that modify nouns and predicative adjectives that function as predicates in sentences. Examples are provided to illustrate these syntactic concepts.

1. SYNTAX
Compiled by: Monita

2. The Word
Can be grouped together into
• Words
words classes
(parts of speech)
• It has at least two kinds of properties :
▫ Morphological (page 20, 2nd paragraph)
▫ Syntactic (page 20, 3rd paragraph)

3. Words
Nouns, Adjectives,
Adverbs, Verbs
• Open word classes or
• Major Word Classes or
• Lexical words (karena punya
makna) or
• Content words
Prepositions, conjunctions,
articles, numerals, pronouns,
quantifiers, and interjections
• Closed word classes or
• Minor Word Classes or
• Grammatical words
or
• Functional words

4. The Word
• Do you know what is the difference between derived
word and non derived word?
▫ Derived word
kata jadian, kata yang dibentuk dari imbuhan kata lain.
e.g: un – friend – ly => unfriendly
▫ Non-derived word
bukan kata jadian, artinya tidak mengalami proses
Morphology)

5. • Derivational affixes are added to the root or
stem in order to produce a new word.
▫ E.g : Book => booklet , book-s , book-ing
Semantic
Syntactic
VERB
Book+ -s “plural”
NOUN
Book+ -s “process”
Morphological
NOUN
Refers to “process”
Books
Refers to “thing”
VERB
NOUN
VERB
The books are hers
She books a seat

6. Adjectives (Page 29)
 Attributive Adjectives :
a part of Noun phrase
(bagian dari frasa benda)
Example :
Student  Noun
Predicative Adjectives :
function in the structure of the
SENTENCE
(letak fungsinya ada pada kalimat)
Example:
Predicative Adj.
Clever student  Noun Phrase
Modifier Head
a. The student is clever
S
P SA (Subject
Attributive)
Karena menerangkan
Subjek
b.
The books make the student clever
S
P OA (object attributive)
Predicative Adj.
Karena menerangkan
Objek

7. exercise
• The international students will be satisfied with the
luxurious treatments that make them honored.
• The door is green
• Students interested in Chomsky’s theory of language
felt ashamed.