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Sustainable Materials constructon industry.pptx
- 1. Sustainabl e Materials PowerPoint PGCE D&T 02 0207 David Henw ood
- 2. Sustainabilit y Meeting the needsof the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987)
- 3. ¥ of Earths Consumption Global Demand vs. Supply 1.S 1.0 0.S 0.0 1& 1 19711981 1991 2001 Availabl e
- 4. ¥ of Earths Consumption Global Demand vs. Supply 1.S 1.0 0.S 0.0 1& 1 19711981 1991 2001 Availabl e
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- 7. DfiO7'oof production materialsare never used in the final product 80O/o of products are discarded after a single use
- 8. What do w e throwaway? Wood TheU K consumes about 30 /oof global w o o d consumption with only about 1% of the worlds population. Batteries 20,000 batteries are landfilled every year in the UK. It can take up to 50 times more energy to produce a battery than it actually delivers. Textiles 250 /o of textiles are currently recovered. Of these 430 /o become secondhand clothing, 12% wiping clothes, 22O /o filling materials, 7”/o fiber reclamation, 9O/o are shoes which are reused 7o/o is rejected as waste Britain only recycles 2-4o/o of its clothing
- 9. What do w e throwaway? Wood TheU K consumes about 30 /oof global w o o d consumption with only about 1% of the worlds population. Batteries 20,000 batteries are landfilled every year in the UK. It can take up to 50 times more energy to produce a battery than it actually delivers. Textiles 250 /o of textiles are currently recovered. Of these 430 /o become secondhand clothing, 12% wiping clothes, 22O /o filling materials, 7”/o fiber reclamation, 9O/o are shoes which are reused 7o/o is rejected as waste Britain only recycles 2-4o/o of its clothing
- 10. What do w e throwaway? Wood TheU K consumes about 30 /oof global w o o d consumption with only about 1% of the worlds population. Batteries 20,000 batteries are landfilled every year in the UK. It can take up to 50 times more energy to produce a battery than it actually delivers. Textiles 250 /o of textiles are currently recovered. Of these 430 /o become secondhand clothing, 12% wiping clothes, 22O /o filling materials, 7”/o fiber reclamation, 9O/o are shoes which are reused 7o/o is rejected as waste Britain only recycles 2-4o/o of its clothing
- 11. What do w e throwaway? Wood TheU K consumes about 30 /oof global w o o d consumption with only about 1% of the worlds population. Batteries 20,000 batteries are landfilled every year in the UK. It can take up to 50 times more energy to produce a battery than it actually delivers. Textiles 250 /o of textiles are currently recovered. Of these 430 /o become secondhand clothing, 12% wiping clothes, 22O /o filling materials, 7”/o fiber reclamation, 9O/o are shoes which are reused 7o/o is rejected as waste Britain only recycles 2-4o/o of its clothing
- 12. What do w e throwaway? Wood TheU K consumes about 30 /oof global w o o d consumption with only about 1% of the worlds population. Batteries 20,000 batteries are landfilled every year in the UK. It can take up to 50 times more energy to produce a battery than it actually delivers. Textiles 250 /o of textiles are currently recovered. Of these 430 /o become secondhand clothing, 12% wiping clothes, 22O /o filling materials, 7”/o fiber reclamation, 9O/o are shoes which are reused 7o/o is rejected as waste Britain only recycles 2-4o/o of its clothing
- 13. Recyclin ''' uo. Abbmvlatlon HDPE LDPE PETE a PET HDPE H›ghDensity Polyethylene PVC or V Polyviny i Chleide LDPE OTHER rs Low-Density Polyethylene Polypropylen e Pony styrene ro lem ived? Use s Recycled io produce polyester fibres. tr›ermolo med sheet. sttappng. soft dnnk boitlos. ‹Sec also. Rec wi mo oi PET Bottles) Recyc led to become vanous bottles. grocery bags. recycling b‹ns agricultural pipe. base cups. car stops. playground equipmont. and plastic lumber. Recycled io become tape. fencing. and bottles . Recycled to become plastic bags, vanous contaners, dispensing bottles. wash bottles, tub‹nq, ano various mo‹oed laboratory equipment Recyc led into auto parts and industrial fibe s. Recycled into a wide range of products including otlice accessories. cafetena trays. toys, video cassettes and cases. insular on board and s t/ro'oam.
- 14. Recyclin ''' uo. Abbmvlatlon HDPE LDPE PETE a PET HDPE H›ghDensity Polyethylene PVC or V Polyviny i Chleide LDPE OTHER rs Low-Density Polyethylene Polypropylen e Pony styrene ro lem ived? Use s Recycled io produce polyester fibres. tr›ermolo med sheet. sttappng. soft dnnk boitlos. ‹Sec also. Rec wi mo oi PET Bottles) Recyc led to become vanous bottles. grocery bags. recycling b‹ns agricultural pipe. base cups. car stops. playground equipmont. and plastic lumber. Recycled io become tape. fencing. and bottles . Recycled to become plastic bags, vanous contaners, dispensing bottles. wash bottles, tub‹nq, ano various mo‹oed laboratory equipment Recyc led into auto parts and industrial fibe s. Recycled into a wide range of products including otlice accessories. cafetena trays. toys, video cassettes and cases. insular on board and s t/ro'oam.
- 15. Recycling 1kg ofaluminium saves: up to 6kg of bauxite 4kg of chemical products 14 kWh of electricity. Recycling aluminium requires onIy 50 /0 of the energy produces only 5O /o of the CO2 emissions compared with primary production In 1989 2% of all aluminium cans in the U K were recycled In 1998 360 /oof all aluminium cans were recycled
- 16. Recyclin g tonne of steel saves: 1.5tonnes of iron ore 0.5 tonnes of c o a l 40O /o of the water required in production 750 /o of the energy 1.28 tonnes of solid waste Reduction of air emissions by 86O /o Reduction of water pollution by 760 /o
- 17. Recycling tonne of papersaves: at least 30000 litres of water 3000 4000 KWh electricity ( a 3 bed house for 1 year) 95O/o of air pollution.
- 18. aterials search sites www.materiaIconnexion.com/goldsmith s www.100aercentmaterials.co.uk www.moduIor.info/www.iom3.orq/ Sustainable Materials searchsites www.constructionresources.com www .kin ston.ac.uk =kx19789rematerialise html and flash/searchweIcome.htm www.greensaec.co.uk " Provides choice, not a way of making comparisons of sustainability
- 19. at is ’material’? - “Naterbl- WłklPedk, tht ùu encyd O i’*{6- V/hfip://en.wikipdiz.og/wiki/Nateńals ’”"”* ” ’”"* ooydaąrs«*dr¥tšs cse¢a Sd^tv ÆdpaÆ. M a t e r i a î FïomNüpedia.ne łïeø æcydopedia iRearw'.1"c’ uxææ Fœ oitæ usæ, saa ÆIeì8(ösanbiguatia›). M¥tŒł¥łs & Œ ț Ñ ¥ ÿ s i C 8 l stÖstan¢œ U44d dS irç»diS tO p‹zŒi¢tÓn O marx›futixi@. Iš¥w IN@N14C &fe fčst extæ¢t@ O hæv@iŒ frŒn th sazth afd dvÔG into 8 vci•«an * ° ””' ^ * * ” * ’ ’ ^ ^^ **** *- Feæir c æa , c a e x • Rxao»aœb • **Ø ' *^*•^”6•*• ferm iM cæ & easiȘ v æ s ș o n % æd oeeø tion pmcas% toțxMtxe •ssmi- f č š s h a d m a t e ń a s • . T l æ s e cæ % :rpui “ w o a n e w c y c l e d ptoaxton æd°lińsñrq pocøues t o c r e æ e •firżsñæ A Sign In/ oeaU a c c o u m M œmipsa a raw maæid ù cÆon, which can % ptmessed into tfxead, æd tlæn pmœsM i/xo cŒh, a sertś-fśiisłæd mØsrid. Sawirą æd ctxtčq t& fÆïc turns it 'ido a ga«reril, Ğšch ó a fińsłed æt@á. Stælm6irq ù arotlær exæpls —law rttčt0ńdłS 8r0 6n:d¢tæ, Øked ard ¢Œ@Sæ if¥0 stwl, a s8mi<iŃSłæd maæî8l. Steel is th0n us8d as @ ifput in
- 20. Material life cycle 1.Acquiring raw material 2. Processing & manufacture 3. Packaging & distribution 4. CONSUMER USAGE 5. End of life disposai
- 21. Material life cycle 1.Acquiring raw material 2. Processing & manufacture 3. Packaging & distribution 4. CONSUMER USAGE 5. End of life disposai
- 22. What makes amaterial ’not eco’? 1. Acquiring raw material 2. Processing & manufacture 3. Packaging & distribution 4. CONSUMER USAGE 5. End of life disposai 2‹ 1. Irreplaceabie, hard to extract POiiuting & generates waste 3. Source far from market, needless marketing led packaging 4. Shofi product iife 5. Landfiii
- 23. What makes amaterial ’eco’? 1. Acquiring raw material 2. Processing & manufacture 3. Packaging & distribution 4. CONSUMER USAGE 5. End of Iife disposai 1. E a s y a c c e s s , quickly re n e w ab le 2. Low energy manufacture & no waste or poilution 3. Locai, unpackaged 4. Long iife cycie, non toxic, needed in smaii quantities, not fad 5. Bio degradabie, reprocessabie, kept from waste stream
- 24. What would themost ’un-eco’ material possible be like? • Limited suppiy • Large scaie permanent social, cuitural & environmental damage & instabiiity • Forced iow wage labour to produce • From very far away • High embodied energy in extraction & processing • Poiluting manufacturing process • Heavily over-packaged un-necessarily • Produced in excess • Toxic in use • Combined with other materiais so un-recyclabie • Produced to satisfy a stylish/fashionable fad (prematureiy replaced) • Decomposes very siowiy • Waste & poiiution at every stage of iife
- 25. What would themost ’eco’ material possible be like? • Comes from just beyond your front door • Quick growing • Low embodied energy • No waste produced in converting from raw to useful • No need for additionai packaging • Non polluting & non toxic • Useabie effectiveiy on its own • Avaiiabie cheaply • Avaiiabie in quantities to fuifiii demand • Bio degradabie
- 26. E c o material specification Questionthe suppiier &gauge their commitment to ’eco’ issues • What environmentai information do they provide about their goods? • Do they generaiiy provide icformation giadiy or reluctantly? • Ask for environmentai & heaith / safety data • Are they working towards iess harmfui alternatives? • Can they trace their goods back to origin? • Are their goods certified in any way? • Do they have an Environmentai poiicy? • Do they have a Heaith & Safety poiicy? • Do they have an Ethical or Sociai policy?
- 27. E c o material specification Questionthe suppiier &gauge their commitment to ’eco’ issues • What environmentai information do they provide about their goods? • Do they generaiiy provide icformation giadiy or reluctantly? • Ask for environmentai & heaith / safety data • Are they working towards iess harmfui alternatives? • Can they trace their goods back to origin? • Are their goods certified in any way? • Do they have an Environmentai poiicy? • Do they have a Heaith & Safety poiicy? • Do they have an Ethical or Sociai policy?
- 28. Red(green?)herrings • Eco friendiy •Longer iasting • Kinder tü› the environment • Naturai as nature home made • Economicai • Less poliuting • Recyclabie • Inspired by nature • etc etc... All the above refer to *BETTER THAN’ not ’BEST’
- 29. Embodied energy (relative index) Zinc/Brass/Chrome/Nickel So- 2oo Copper 85 AIuminium 18 Natural Rubber 15 ABS 9.3 PET 7.1 PVC 4.2 HDPE 2.9 LOPE 3.8 Paper 3.3 Glass 2.1 Recycled Aluminium 1.8 Recycled Paper 1.5 Cardboard 1.4 Wood 0.74 (Production of materials in millipoints per kg)
- 30. Or make yourown sustainable material... Identify one of the foiiowing: • Waste from manufacture • A by-product of manufacture • Off-cuts or trimmings • Pre-consumer waste • Wasted packaging • Post-consumer waste • Recycied materiai • Broken objects • Discarded items Exampies: Jane Atfield Julienne doiphin Wiiding Lois Waipoie Jeremy Dent Smile Piastics R e ma rk ab l e
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- 35. Suggested Reading S.Van Der Ryn/ S,Cowan H.Lewis / J.Gertsakis J.Ryan / A.Thein Durning Victor Papanek McDonough / Braungart J.Benyus E.Datschefski S.Heller / V.Vienne N.Whi teIey • Design for the Real World Victor Papanek • Ecological Design • Design + Environmen • Stuffthe secret lives • The Green Imperative • Cradle to Cradle • Biomimicry • Total Beauty of Sust Prods • Citizen Designer • Design for Society • Natural Capitalism • Design Outlaws • Rubbish P.Hawker / A & L Lovins Zelov & Cousineau R.GirIing • The Eco-Design Handbook • Industrial Hemp • Don't throw it all away • Grow your own house • The good wood guide • Droog Design • The Whole House book • The Green Guide • Recycling • Eco • Green Architecture • Cities for a small Planet • Di y Planet Alastair Fuad-Luke Hemptech FoE Simon Velez FoE Ramakers & Bakker Borer & Harris G Markham Crafts Council E.WiIhide J.Wines R.Roger s C.Clayt on