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REVISED APES solid and hazardous waste unit ppt
- 1. Chapter 21: Solid andHazardous Waste
- 2. Do Now 1. Grabtwo post-its and a notes packet from the back lab table 2. Write down the first two things you think about when you hear the word “waste” on these post-its 3. Put your post-its up on the board when you’re finished! http://visuwords.com/waste
- 4. 21.1 Waste • “Innature there is essentially no waste because the wastes of one organism become nutrients for others.” • Solid Waste- any waste that is not liquid or gas • Hazardous Waste- waste that threatens human health or the environment
- 5. Every time youthrow your trash “away”… Where does it go?
- 6. Solid Waste Types 1.Industrial: produced by mines, agriculture, and industries that supply people with goods and services 2. Municipal: produced by homes and workplaces. Paper, cardboard, food, cans, bottles, metals, plastics and e-wastes.
- 7. Trash People byH. A. Schult https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=lbdQb0wqb44
- 8. Types of HazardousWaste • Organic Compounds- solvents, pesticides, etc. • Toxic Heavy Metals- lead, mercury, arsenic • Radioactive waste- from power plants. Must be stored for up to 240,000 years!
- 9. Developed countries produce80- 90% of hazardous waste… The U.S. is #1, China #2
- 10. Why does allof this matter? 90% of the things we waste could be reused or recycled Instead: crush, mix, burn and bury these materials We create air pollution, water pollution and greenhouse gases
- 11. The United States •Produces 1/3 of all solid waste in the world, even though our population is 4.6% of the world’s • 98.5% of our solid waste is from agriculture, mining and industry • Other 1.5% is from municipal waste
- 12. Municipal Solid Waste Paperand Cardboard 47% Yard Waste 15% Food Waste 14% Plastic 14% Metals 10%
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- 14. Every day • 274million plastic shopping bags (3,200 bags per second) are thrown out • 425,000 cell phones and 132,000 computers are thrown out Every hour • 2.5 thousand plastic water bottles are thrown out
- 16. 21.2 How dowe handle this waste problem? • Waste management-ways of reducing the environmental impact of MSW without trying to actively reduce the amount produced • Waste reduction-less waste and pollution are produced (preventative)
- 17. In waste reduction: Thewastes that are produced are viewed as resources to be reused, recycled or composted
- 18. • Record allof the solid waste you make during a week • For extra credit: carry a bag of all of the solid waste you make with you for three days! Personal Solid Waste Inventory DUE: Monday, November 23
- 19. • Great pacificGarbage Patch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znWKqsJ0Rg4 • Sports https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EpQx2TdOW38 • Macklemore https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STH9ZpeFH2o • Finding Dory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3JNLwlcPBPI
- 20. Do Now • Writedown one example of a waste item that takes a long time to decompose. • Have you ever seen the movie Wall-E? Take a guess at the plot from this picture. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h1BQPV-iCkU (humans) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QHH3iSeDBLo (earth)
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- 22. What is thebest method? • A combination of waste reduction and management Currently in the U.S.: • 54% MSW is buried • 25% recycled • 14% burned • 7% composted
- 24. “Reduce, Reuse, Recycle…and Rethink” •The Plastiki • http://theplastiki.com/ • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3Kbu4ZVTzw
- 25. 1. Redesign manufacturing process and products 2.Develop products that are easy to repair, reuse, remake, compost, or recycle 3. Eliminate or reduce packaging 1. Use a fee-per- bag waste system 2. Require companies to take back consumer products 3. Restructure urban transportation systems.
- 26. • Waste reductionstrategy • Decreases matter and energy required • Decreases pollution • Creates local jobs • Saves money Reusing
- 27. What we oftendon’t think about… • In developing countries, the lower class often hunt through garbage for reusable items to sell • Items are usually exposed to toxins and diseases
- 28. • European Unionrequires that 95% of a damaged car be reused • Support flea markets & second-hand clothing stores • www.freecycle.org A site where neighbors are giving away household items for FREE!
- 29. • Write down2 ways that we could work to reuse more items • Name one problem with landfills
- 31. • They arerunning out of places to put waste • Common Myth: A landfill in New York (Fresh Kills Landfill) can be seen from space. • Landfills are the third largest source of methane emissions in the U.S.
- 32. Landfill Design Lab • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsyg472MQp8 •Get into groups (or you can work on your own) and design a landfill on a poster that would be an improvement over a modern landfill • Get as creative as you would like, but back up your design with evidence from 2 online sources • Make a works cited with these two sources
- 33. Do Now • Thinkabout reasons why companies use plastic to package their materials • There are three different possible paths in the “life cycle” of a plastic bottle. Write down a guess for what these three pathways are. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6xlNyWPpB8
- 34. Why do companiesuse plastic? • Glass bottles=reusable but more expensive to manufacture • Plastic is the cheap alternative • Big companies make more money producing and shipping plastic bottles that are just thrown away • These companies have used their political power to keep the U.S. from passing bottle laws that would require the companies to take back any bottle
- 35. • Denmark andFinland have banned all bottles that cannot be reused • Why hasn’t the U.S.?
- 36. What about plasticbags? • Reusable bags can be used instead of paper or plastic • In Ireland a tax of 25 cents per bag has been implemented. This has caused bag litter to be cut by 90%! • The plastic industry has mounted a successful campaign against this tax • http://www.shiftdesign.org.uk/products/im-not-a-plastic- bag/
- 37. • Primary orclosed-loop recycling: Turning an item back into the same item. • Secondary recycling: Materials are converted into different products. 2 Types of Recycling
- 38. Pre-consumer or internal waste •Generated when products are produced Post-consumer or external waste • Generated by the consumers using the product
- 39. • The U.S.recycles 25% of MSW • Japan and Switzerland recycle about 50% Around the World
- 40. We do recycle… •56% of our aluminum cans • 56% of our paper • 36% of our tires • 22% of our glass • 5% of our plastics With education, experts predict that all levels could be up to 70%!!
- 41. • Send themixed urban wastes to materials-recovery facilities. Valuable material is separated out of the waste and the rest gets recycled or burned to produce steam power. • CON: Expensive and produce toxic ash. Need a constant flow of garbage to make a profit so they actually promote garbage production. One way to recycle:
- 42. What is abetter option? • Have people sort their own trash at home, it would cost much less and produce less pollution. • In some areas, homeowners are charged a fee per bag of trash. This has increased recycling up to 85% in these areas!
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- 44. Do Now • Graba laptop from the cart and log in • Go to the Kahoot website (www.kahoot.it) and wait for me to show you the game pin
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- 46. • Food scraps •Yard trimmings • Other organic wastes
- 47. • Composting: decomposersrecycle wastes, which can then be added to the soil to supply nutrients, slow soil erosion, retain water, and improve crop yield. • Over 6 million homes in the U.S. compost and the number is rising. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1kIpCBD3UI
- 48. RECYCLING Good: Reduces airand water pollution Saves energy Reduces greenhouse emissions Reduces solid waste production and disposal Save landfill space Important part of economy Bad: More expensive May lose money for items like glass and some plastics Reduces profits for landfill and incinerator owners Source separation is inconvenient
- 49. How can weencourage recycling?? • There are tax breaks for resource-extracting companies. We could give breaks to those companies that recycle instead! • The price paid for recycled goods changes often. We could stick to one price. • Encourage fee-per-bag system. • Require companies to take back recycled items.
- 51. Burning • We burn16% of total MSW • Decreases the amount of waste, but emits harmful pollutants (CO2, carbon monoxide, mercury) • To make $, incinerators must burn large amounts of waste daily
- 52. Burying (in landfills) Thereare two types of landfills: 1. Open dumps-fields or holes in the ground where garbage is deposited and sometimes burned. Rare in developed countries. 2. Sanitary landfills- solid waste spread in thin layers, compacted, and covered daily with a fresh layer of clay or plastic foam. This layer keeps the trash dry and stops leaks.
- 53. Advantages & Disadvantagesto Burying • No burning required • Built quickly • Cheap • Filled land can be reused • Releases Greenhouse gases • Slow decomposition • Leaks • Encourages waste production
- 55. Do Now • Wouldyou use any of these upcycled materials in your home? • Why is it better that these items get reused instead of ending up in a landfill?
- 57. FIRST: Collect &Detoxify by 1.Physical methods- Distilling or using charcoal 2.Chemical methods- Add chemicals to remove toxins 3.Nanomagnets- Attract oil to remove it from water. 4.Biological methods- Release bacteria and/or enzymes 5.Phytoremediation- Plants absorb, filter and remove contaminants 6.Plasma arc torch- Uses plasma to burn the hazardous waste
- 58. Storing hazardous wasteis the most common “solution” • Deep well disposal- Liquid hazardous waste is piped down underground below drinking waters. These sites are limited and often the waste ends up in drinking water anyway. • Surface impoundments- liquid hazardous wastes are poured into ponds that have a liner. EPS studies have shown that 70% of these in the US have no liner and 90% threaten drinking water.
- 59. • People mustreduce the overall amount of waste they produce • “Not in my Backyard” mentality “Not in Anyone’s Backyard!”
- 60. • Everyone isentitled to protection from environmental hazards. • Most polluting factories, hazardous waste dumps, incinerators and landfills are located in communities populated by minorities. • The environmental justice movement: Pressures the government to act to prevent and stop injustice. ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE
- 61. Cancer Alley, Louisiana •http://canceralleyvacation.weebly.com/where-did-the-cancer-alley- nickname-derive-from.html • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cCYryQpOn1o
- 62. • For decades,developed countries had been shipping hazardous wastes to developing countries • In 1989 UNEP developed a treaty known as the Basel Convention. • It banned this activity without permission from the developing country. • By 2008 152 countries had ratified this treaty EXCEPT for Haiti, Afghanistan, and the US.
- 63. Persistent Organic Pollutants •In 2000, delegates from 122 countries completed a treaty to control 12 persistent organic pollutants. • They are insoluble in water and soluble in fat. This means that they can accumulate in the fatty tissue of humans and animals. • A study showed that EVERY person on earth has detectable levels of these POPs. Health effects are unknown. The US has not ratified this treaty.
- 64. • Everything isconnected • There is no “away” in throwing something away • Landfills are not the perfect solution • The BEST and CHEAPEST way to deal with waste is to PREVENT it!!
- 65. While reading thearticle: 1. Quotes/Information side: write interesting quotes or information in the left column 2. Reactions side: write your thoughts about each Quote/Information in the right column ARTICLE STRATEGY
- 66. Homework: Homework: Finish thisarticle using the chart. Also, remember about: • Monday your Waste Inventories are due (Make sure to do the Questions) • Tuesday is your Quiz on Solid and Hazardous Waste • Wednesday the Upcycling/Recycling Projects are due
- 67. Do Now • Reviewyour notes for a few minutes until everyone arrives • Put your landfills on the lab tables • REVIEW GAME! • Reminder: Quiz tomorrow on Solid & Hazardous Waste
- 68. QUIZ DAY • Taketen minutes to review your notes and ask any last minute questions you have • Good luck!! I know all of you can do it • When you’re done hand in your quiz at the front desk and take a student survey to fill out
- 69. Ending Quote 1 Writeon your index card your thoughts about this quote
- 70. Ending Quote 2 “Humanity;the most intelligent species on the planet, capable of anything, but is governed by its aggression and youth. A species fast in developing, but slow in maturing. Once a species that cared about its home, its provider, let its ego dominate its decisions. A period of ignorance and neglect has had profound effects across the world. Effects which can be reversed, if nature is given the time to repair the damage. Remember: We only have one home.” Write on your index card your thoughts about this quote
- 71. Ending Quote 3 Writeon your index card your thoughts about this quote
- 72. Ending Quote 4 Writeon your index card your thoughts about this quote
- 73. Ending Quote 5 Writeon your index card your thoughts about this quote
- 74. Ending Quote 6 Writeon your index card your thoughts about these pictures
- 75. Ending Quote 7 Writeon your index card your thoughts about this picture
Editor's Notes
- #2 Picture with quotation in perspective (Basic) To reproduce the effects on this slide, do the following: On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank. On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click Text Box, and then on the slide, drag to draw the text box. Enter text in the text box, select the text, and then on the Home tab, in the Font group, select Georgia from the Font list, enter 27 in the Font Size box, and then click Italic. On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click Align Text Left to align the text left in the text box. Select the text box. Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the WordArt Styles group, click Text Fill, and then under Theme Colors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left). Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the WordArt Styles group, click Text Effects, point to 3-D Rotation, and then under Perspective, click Perspective Relaxed Moderately (second row, second option from the left). Under Drawing Tools, on the Format tab, in the WordArt Styles group, click Text Effects, point to 3-D Rotation, and then click 3-D Rotation Options. In the Format Text Effects dialog box, click 3-D Rotation in the left pane, and then do the following in the right pane: In the Y box, enter 324.8°. In the Perspective box, enter 80°. To reproduce the background on this slide, do the following: On the Design tab, in the Background group, click Background Styles, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, and then in the right pane click Picture or texture fill. Under Insert from, click File. In the Insert Picture dialog box, select a picture and then click Insert.