SDG 12
Responsible
Consumption
and Production
Consumptionand production — a
driving force of the global
economy.
India Private Consumption
accounted for 57.3 % of its
Nominal GDP in Sep 2021
Stuck in “First gear” due to
inequality: too much income is
concentrated among too few rich
people who have a lower
“marginal propensity to
consume”.
Keynesian message is clear: if you
want to put the economic pedal to
the metal, get out there and
consume!
•According to theInternational Telecommunication
Union (ITU), there were more than 8.58 billion mobile
subscriptions in use worldwide in 2022, compared to
a global population of 7.95 billion halfway through
the year.
5.
How Do
Smartphones Affectthe Environment?
• Terrible waste of resources, but also a hazard for human and
planetary health.
• E-waste emits damaging contaminants such as arsenic, lead,
mercury and zinc, as well as brominated flame-retardants, which can
pollute the atmosphere and hamper the health of local populations.
Statistics:
80% of the carbon footprint of a smartphone is created during the
production process, with 16% accounted for by use during its lifetime
and the remainder in transportation emissions getting it from
supplier to consumer.
6.
How Companies
Learn Your
Secrets
•Computers can identify your voice through
a microphone, can recognize your face
through a camera eye, can trace your
internet browsing history through cookie
technology, can pinpoint your exact
location through GPS tracking, can record
your financial transactions every time you
make a purchase.
• Over 40% of emails sent around the world
are tracked, according to WIRED.
• Companies are also purchasing (and
selling, for that matter) customer data
from (and to) third-parties.
What is theproblem?
Consumer demand that appears to be driven
by temporary or unsustainable policies.
The current, complex environmental
challenges (climate change, depletion of
natural resources, etc.) are linked to major
drivers such as increased wealth and
consumption patterns.
10.
Consumers Today….
I loveleather bag,
diamond watch, cell
phone and going to
office in car.
I am going to save
animals, end
poverty, create
awareness on
environment.
12.
Case Analysis: Mobile
phone
•Many people do not realise what it takes to produce
their cellular phones.
• Production of the raw materials for just one handset,
for example, can generate 75 kg of waste materials.
• Tungsten is a key component of phones, used in the
vibrating function.
• But there is only one gram of tungsten in every tonne
of rock, meaning there is nearly a tonne of waste for
every gram of tungsten eventually used in an
electronic device.
Unsustainable consumption: In Europe, around 40 per
cent of existing mobile phones are replaced every year,
despite most batteries having a life of up to 10 years.
13.
Water
purifier
and
opportu
nity cost
projected toreach USD 1937.5
million by the year 2027,
growing at the CAGR of 14.3%
during the forecast period
(2020-2027).
• It is estimated that around 37.7
million Indians are affected by
waterborne diseases
annually; 1.5 million children
are estimated to die of
diarrhoea alone and 73 million
working days are lost due to
waterborne disease each year
14.
SCP- Holistic Approach
Decouplingenvironmental degradation from economic
growth.
Decoupling
Applying life cycle thinking
Applying
Sizing opportunities for developing countries and
“leapfrogging”
Sizing
NATIONAL
INTELLIGEN
CE COUNCIL
REPORT
Implications
for theUnited
States
Mounting prosperity in both the developed and the
developing world increased consumer demand for key
resources.
At the same time, constraints in energy, water, and other
critical natural resources and infrastructure, together with
socio-economic shifts, will bring new and hard-to-manage
instabilities.
There will be an increasing risk of discontinuous and
systemic shocks to 2040 because of these factors.
The report also explores how these stresses will interact
with one another and other pre-existing conditions,
including poverty, social tensions, environmental
degradation, ineffectual leadership, and weak political
institutions.
significant scarcity challenges for a number of key natural
resources with potential impact on US security
17.
Linkages between povertyreduction and SCP -‘Sustainability and Equity: a Better Future for All’
SCP is concerned with improvements to both the environment and to quality of life
The quality of life of poor people is very dependent on increasing their consumption to
satisfy their basic needs, i.e., on their economic growth.
The economic growth of poor people is often highly dependent on the productivity of their
natural environments and resources, and their access to and ability to manage these.
The environmental protection and restoration envisaged by SCP is therefore of crucial
importance especially to the world’s poor – the SCP link to poverty eradication is very
strong.
Continuing environmental deterioration is undermining the ability of natural environments
and resources to contribute to economic growth, especially for poor people, in ways that
risk becoming irreversible.
SCP has therefore become an imperative if global efforts at poverty eradication are not to
be seriously undermined.
18.
Role of
Consumers
we canpositively
contribute to achieving
this goal, especially
regarding
consumption.
19.
Sustainable Resource
Management
Managingresources in a way
that their sources are not
depleted
Reduce what goes into landfills
and incinerators
• Policies
• infrastructure
• programs and education
20.
Why it isimportant?
Estimated one third
of all food produced
– equivalent to 1.3
billion tonnes worth
around $1 trillion –
ends up rotting in
the bins of
consumers and
retailers.
If people worldwide
switched to energy
efficient light bulbs
the world would
save US$120 billion
annually.
Global population
reach 9.6 billion by
2050, the equivalent
of almost three
planets could be
required to provide
the natural
resources needed to
sustain current
lifestyles.
Decoupling is notthe
domain of
environmental
ministries alone
• The foundation for this change is accurate
information. Environmental and
sustainability policy requires a solid
evidence base that makes it possible to
monitor the scale of the physical economy,
that is - the amount of material, energy,
water and land used and of emissions
generated in making, using and providing
goods, services and infrastructure systems.
Data drawn from up-to-date information
on the state, trends, and drivers of the
physical economy can help to identify
leverage points for targeted and effective
policy intervention across sectors and
geographical scales.
23.
People
• Create opportunitiesto meet
social and equity
requirements
• Reduce urban and minority
unemployment
• Improve working conditions,
safety, and well-being
• Acceptance and integration of
minorities > Reduce income
inequity
• Enhance number of skilled
workers
24.
Planet
• Fit withinthe carrying
capacity of supporting
ecosystems
• Reduce fossil fuel energy
use
• Use of renewable Increase
energy efficiency
• Reduce use of energy
• Reduce quantity of waste
water and promote
treatment
25.
Profit
• Create equitablevalue for customers and
stakeholders along the global value chain
• Value for company and stakeholders
• Value for customers
• Fair business model
• Fair share of and linkage to global value
chains
• Linkage of small and medium sized
enterprises in developing countries to
large transnational companies
• Fair price for commodities and raw
materials
• Ownership and credit opportunities for
entrepreneurs
26.
Design for
Sustainability
• Ido not have an idea yetI
want to develop Product-
Service Systems
• I want to redesign existing
products
• I want to develop new
products
• I want to develop Product-
Service Systems
27.
Circular
Economy
for SDG
The circulareconomy is based on
three principles, driven by design:
• Eliminate waste and pollution
• Circulate products and materials (
at their highest value)
• Regenerate nature
• It is underpinned by a transition
to renewable energy and
materials. A circular economy
decouples economic activity from
the consumption of finite
resources. It is a resilient system
that is good for business, people
and the environment.
28.
Sustainable
Business Models
• Sustainabilityhas three main
pillars: economic, environmental,
and social. These three pillars are
informally referred to as people,
planet, and profits.
• Gig Economy
•
31.
How do you
knowit is a
sustainable
Business Model
• It increases
returns to
shareholders
and
environmental
and societal
benefits to
stakeholders.