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Program Karar Verme Komutları

ALGORİTMA VE PROGRAMLAMA
SWITCH
Kullanımı:

  switch ( değişken)
  {
      case Sabit1 :
             KomutListesi1
             break;
      ..
      ..
      case Sabitn :
             KomutListesin
             break;
      default:
             KomutListesin+1
  }
   değişken, tamsayı veya tamsayı uyumlu değişken

   Sabiti, tamsayı veya tamsayı uyumlu bir değer

   default, seçeneğe bağlı (olması zorunlu değil)

   KomutListesii, komutlar dizisi
switch         deyimi  çalıştırıldığında
 değişken                değerlendirilir.
 değişken’in değeri case listesinde
 varsa         KomutListesii,     break
 deyimine, return deyimine veya
 switch deyimi sonuna kadar
 çalıştırılır.
değişken’in değeri case listesinde
 yoksa       default     deyimindeki
 KomutListesin+1 çalıştırılır.
default     deyimi     bulunmuyorsa
 çalıştırma işlemi switch bloğundan
 sonra devam eder.
ÖRNEK:       HERHANGI BIR AYıN NUMARASı GIRILDIĞINDE (1-12) O AYıN ADıNı YAZAN PROGRAM.



   // swicthDeyimi.cpp : main project file.

   #include "stdafx.h"
   #include<iostream>
   #include<stdlib.h>
   using namespace std;

   int main ()
   {
   int AyNo;
   cout<<"Kacinci ay: ";
   cin>>AyNo;
     switch (AyNo)
   {
   case 1: cout<<"Ocak"; break;
   case 2: cout<<"Subat"; break;
   case 3: cout<<"Mart"; break;
   case 4: cout<<"Nisan"; break;
   case 5: cout<<"Mayis"; break;
   case 6: cout<<"Haziran"; break;
   case 7: cout<<"Temmuz"; break;
   case 8: cout<<"Agustos"; break;
   case 9: cout<<"Eylul"; break;
   case 10: cout<<"Ekim"; break;
   case 11: cout<<"Kasim"; break;
   case 12: cout<<"Aralik"; break;
   default: cout<<"Yanlis giris!..."<<endl;
   }
   cout<<endl;
   system("PAUSE");
   }
Ekran çıktısı:

Kacinci ay: 5
Mayis
YUKARıDAKI PROGRAMDA SWITCH BLOĞU AŞAĞıDAKI GIBI
(BREAK KOMUTLARı UNUTULMUŞ OLSUN) YAZıLMıŞ OLSUN.

 #include<iostream>
 #include<stdlib.h>
 using namespace std;


 int main ()
{
 int AyNo;
 cout<<"Kacinci ay: ";
 cin>>AyNo;
YUKARıDAKI PROGRAMDA SWITCH BLOĞU AŞAĞıDAKI GIBI
(BREAK KOMUTLARı UNUTULMUŞ OLSUN) YAZıLMıŞ OLSUN.

   switch (AyNo)
   {
   case 1: cout<<"Ocak";
   case 2: cout<<"Subat";
   case 3: cout<<"Mart";
   case 4: cout<<"Nisan";
   case 5: cout<<"Mayis";
   case 6: cout<<"Haziran";
   case 7: cout<<"Temmuz";
   case 8: cout<<"Agustos";
   case 9: cout<<"Eylul";
   case 10: cout<<"Ekim";
   case 11: cout<<"Kasim";
   case 12: cout<<"Aralik";
   default: cout<<"Yanlis giris!...";
   }
   cout<<endl;
   system("PAUSE");
   }
Bu durumda ekran çıktısı:

Kacinci ay: 10
EkimKasimArlikYanlis giris!...
ÖRNEK:
 Öğrencinin ortalama notu (0-100) girildiğinde harf cinsinden karşılık
 gelen notunu bulup yazan program.

Ortalama          Harf
---------------   ------
Ort>=90             A
80<=Ort<90          B
70<=Ort<80          C
60<=Ort<70          D
Ort<60               F
   #include "stdafx.h"
   #include<iostream>
   #include<stdlib.h>
   using namespace std;

   int main ()
   {
   float Ort;
   char HarfNot;
   cout<<"Ortalama not: ";
   cin>>Ort;
   switch ( int (Ort/10) ) // Sonucu int yapmak icin
   {
   case 10:
   case 9: HarfNot = 'A';
   break;
   case 8: HarfNot = 'B';
   break;
   case 7: HarfNot = 'C';
   break;
   case 6: HarfNot = 'D';
   break;
   default: HarfNot = 'F';
   }
   cout<<"Harf not: "<<HarfNot<<endl;
   system("PAUSE");
   }
ÖRNEK: BASIT 4 IŞLEM YAPAN PROGRAMı YAZıNıZ.

   // notlar9.cpp : main project file.

   #include "stdafx.h"
   #include <iostream>
   #include <conio.h>

   using namespace std;

   int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
   {
      float a, b, sonuc;
         char islem;
       cout << "1. sayi: ";
   cin >> a;
       cout << "2. sayi: ";
       cin >> b;
       cout << "Istenen islem (+, -, *, /): ";
       cin >> islem;
       switch( islem )
       {
                  case '+': sonuc = a + b;
                               break;
                  case '-': sonuc = a - b;
                               break;
                  case '*': sonuc = a * b;
                               break;
   case '/': sonuc = a / b;
                                 break;
           }
           cout << a << " " << islem << " " << b << " = " << sonuc;
           getch();
       return 0;
   }
AYNı PROGRAMıN FARKLı YAZıMı
   #include "stdafx.h"
   #include <iostream>
   #include <conio.h>

   using namespace std;

   int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
   {
      float a, b, sonuc;
         char islem;
         cout << "birinci sayiyi, islemi(+, -, *, /) ve ikinci sayiyi giriniz ";
      cin >> a >> islem >> b;
   switch( islem )
         {
                     case '+': sonuc = a + b;
                                  break;
                     case '-': sonuc = a - b;
                                  break;
                     case '*': sonuc = a * b;
                                  break;
                     case '/': sonuc = a / b;
                                  break;
           }
           cout << a << " " << islem << " " << b << " = " << sonuc;
           getch();
       return 0;
   }
SORULAR:
1.    Fahrenheit’ten Celsius’a, Celsius’tan Fahrenheit’a,
      Fahrenheit’tan Kelvin’e, Kelvin’den Fahrenheit’e,
      Celsius’tan Kelvine’e veya kelvin’den Celsius’a
      sıcaklık dönüşümü yapan bir program yazınız.

     Not: switch kullanılacak ve aşağıdaki ekran çıktısı
     görümüne sahip olacak.
Ekran:

Dönüştürmek istediğiniz sıcaklık değeri: 212

Seçenekler:
A- Fahrenheit’tan Celsius’a
B- Celsius’tan Fahrenheit’a
C- Fahrenheit’tan Kelvin’e
D- Kelvin’den Fahrenheit’a
E- Kelvin’den Celsius’a
F- Celsius’tan Kelvine’e
Seçiminiz: A

Dönüştürülen sıcaklık: 100
Dönüşümler:

C = (F-32) / 1.8
C = K – 273;
K = (F-32)/1.8 + 273

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Sunu algo05

  • 1. Program Karar Verme Komutları ALGORİTMA VE PROGRAMLAMA
  • 3. Kullanımı: switch ( değişken) { case Sabit1 : KomutListesi1 break; .. .. case Sabitn : KomutListesin break; default: KomutListesin+1 }
  • 4. değişken, tamsayı veya tamsayı uyumlu değişken  Sabiti, tamsayı veya tamsayı uyumlu bir değer  default, seçeneğe bağlı (olması zorunlu değil)  KomutListesii, komutlar dizisi
  • 5. switch deyimi çalıştırıldığında değişken değerlendirilir. değişken’in değeri case listesinde varsa KomutListesii, break deyimine, return deyimine veya switch deyimi sonuna kadar çalıştırılır.
  • 6. değişken’in değeri case listesinde yoksa default deyimindeki KomutListesin+1 çalıştırılır. default deyimi bulunmuyorsa çalıştırma işlemi switch bloğundan sonra devam eder.
  • 7. ÖRNEK: HERHANGI BIR AYıN NUMARASı GIRILDIĞINDE (1-12) O AYıN ADıNı YAZAN PROGRAM.  // swicthDeyimi.cpp : main project file.  #include "stdafx.h"  #include<iostream>  #include<stdlib.h>  using namespace std;  int main ()  {  int AyNo;  cout<<"Kacinci ay: ";  cin>>AyNo;
  • 8. switch (AyNo)  {  case 1: cout<<"Ocak"; break;  case 2: cout<<"Subat"; break;  case 3: cout<<"Mart"; break;  case 4: cout<<"Nisan"; break;  case 5: cout<<"Mayis"; break;  case 6: cout<<"Haziran"; break;  case 7: cout<<"Temmuz"; break;  case 8: cout<<"Agustos"; break;  case 9: cout<<"Eylul"; break;  case 10: cout<<"Ekim"; break;  case 11: cout<<"Kasim"; break;  case 12: cout<<"Aralik"; break;  default: cout<<"Yanlis giris!..."<<endl;  }  cout<<endl;  system("PAUSE");  }
  • 10. YUKARıDAKI PROGRAMDA SWITCH BLOĞU AŞAĞıDAKI GIBI (BREAK KOMUTLARı UNUTULMUŞ OLSUN) YAZıLMıŞ OLSUN.  #include<iostream>  #include<stdlib.h>  using namespace std;  int main () {  int AyNo;  cout<<"Kacinci ay: ";  cin>>AyNo;
  • 11. YUKARıDAKI PROGRAMDA SWITCH BLOĞU AŞAĞıDAKI GIBI (BREAK KOMUTLARı UNUTULMUŞ OLSUN) YAZıLMıŞ OLSUN.  switch (AyNo)  {  case 1: cout<<"Ocak";  case 2: cout<<"Subat";  case 3: cout<<"Mart";  case 4: cout<<"Nisan";  case 5: cout<<"Mayis";  case 6: cout<<"Haziran";  case 7: cout<<"Temmuz";  case 8: cout<<"Agustos";  case 9: cout<<"Eylul";  case 10: cout<<"Ekim";  case 11: cout<<"Kasim";  case 12: cout<<"Aralik";  default: cout<<"Yanlis giris!...";  }  cout<<endl;  system("PAUSE");  }
  • 12. Bu durumda ekran çıktısı: Kacinci ay: 10 EkimKasimArlikYanlis giris!...
  • 13.
  • 14. ÖRNEK: Öğrencinin ortalama notu (0-100) girildiğinde harf cinsinden karşılık gelen notunu bulup yazan program. Ortalama Harf --------------- ------ Ort>=90 A 80<=Ort<90 B 70<=Ort<80 C 60<=Ort<70 D Ort<60 F
  • 15. #include "stdafx.h"  #include<iostream>  #include<stdlib.h>  using namespace std;  int main ()  {  float Ort;  char HarfNot;  cout<<"Ortalama not: ";  cin>>Ort;
  • 16. switch ( int (Ort/10) ) // Sonucu int yapmak icin  {  case 10:  case 9: HarfNot = 'A';  break;  case 8: HarfNot = 'B';  break;  case 7: HarfNot = 'C';  break;  case 6: HarfNot = 'D';  break;  default: HarfNot = 'F';  }  cout<<"Harf not: "<<HarfNot<<endl;  system("PAUSE");  }
  • 17.
  • 18. ÖRNEK: BASIT 4 IŞLEM YAPAN PROGRAMı YAZıNıZ.  // notlar9.cpp : main project file.  #include "stdafx.h"  #include <iostream>  #include <conio.h>  using namespace std;  int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)  {  float a, b, sonuc;  char islem;
  • 19. cout << "1. sayi: ";  cin >> a;  cout << "2. sayi: ";  cin >> b;  cout << "Istenen islem (+, -, *, /): ";  cin >> islem;  switch( islem )  {  case '+': sonuc = a + b;  break;  case '-': sonuc = a - b;  break;  case '*': sonuc = a * b;  break;
  • 20. case '/': sonuc = a / b;  break;  }  cout << a << " " << islem << " " << b << " = " << sonuc;  getch();  return 0;  }
  • 21.
  • 22. AYNı PROGRAMıN FARKLı YAZıMı  #include "stdafx.h"  #include <iostream>  #include <conio.h>  using namespace std;  int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)  {  float a, b, sonuc;  char islem;  cout << "birinci sayiyi, islemi(+, -, *, /) ve ikinci sayiyi giriniz ";  cin >> a >> islem >> b;
  • 23. switch( islem )  {  case '+': sonuc = a + b;  break;  case '-': sonuc = a - b;  break;  case '*': sonuc = a * b;  break;  case '/': sonuc = a / b;  break;  }  cout << a << " " << islem << " " << b << " = " << sonuc;  getch();  return 0;  }
  • 24.
  • 25. SORULAR: 1. Fahrenheit’ten Celsius’a, Celsius’tan Fahrenheit’a, Fahrenheit’tan Kelvin’e, Kelvin’den Fahrenheit’e, Celsius’tan Kelvine’e veya kelvin’den Celsius’a sıcaklık dönüşümü yapan bir program yazınız. Not: switch kullanılacak ve aşağıdaki ekran çıktısı görümüne sahip olacak.
  • 26. Ekran: Dönüştürmek istediğiniz sıcaklık değeri: 212 Seçenekler: A- Fahrenheit’tan Celsius’a B- Celsius’tan Fahrenheit’a C- Fahrenheit’tan Kelvin’e D- Kelvin’den Fahrenheit’a E- Kelvin’den Celsius’a F- Celsius’tan Kelvine’e Seçiminiz: A Dönüştürülen sıcaklık: 100
  • 27. Dönüşümler: C = (F-32) / 1.8 C = K – 273; K = (F-32)/1.8 + 273