suicide is a sin in islam but what about psychiatric patients

2. The First International Scientific
Convention
The Jordanian Islamic Medical Sciences
Society
The Jordanian Medical Association
Amman – Jordan 16-17 July 2004
‫الول‬ ‫العالمي‬ ‫العلمي‬ ‫المؤتمر‬
‫الردنية‬ ‫السلمية‬ ‫الطبية‬ ‫العلوم‬ ‫جمعية‬
‫الردنية‬ ‫الطباء‬ ‫نقابة‬
–‫الردن‬ ‫مـان‬ّ ‫ع‬16-17‫تموز‬2004

3. Suicide in Islam
‫السلم‬ ‫في‬ ‫النتحار‬
Prof. Mahmoud Sarttawi – Sharia College,
Jordan University.
Dr. Walid Sarhan – Consultant Psychiatrist
AL-Rashid Hospital Center.
– – . .‫الشريعة‬ ‫أستاذ‬ ‫سرطاوي‬ ‫محمود‬ ‫د‬ ‫أ‬
‫الردنية‬ ‫الجامعة‬.
– – .‫النفسي‬ ‫الطب‬ ‫مستشار‬ ‫سرحان‬ ‫وليد‬ ‫د‬
‫الرشيد‬ ‫مستشفى‬ ‫مركز‬

4. Suicide:
‫:النتحار‬
• It is a self – inflicted death that is
intentional . It is a complex human behavior
with biological , sociological , religious and
psychological roots.
•‫سلوك‬ ‫وهو‬ ، ‫المتعمد‬ ‫النفس‬ ‫قتل‬ ‫هو‬
‫بيولوجية‬ ‫جذور‬ ‫له‬ ‫التعقيد‬ ‫بالغ‬ ‫إنساني‬
.‫ونفسية‬ ‫ودينية‬ ‫وإجتماعية‬

5. • One million persons die from suicide every
year.
• Global rate of 16 per 100000 population.
• One death from suicide every 40 seconds.
•.‫سنويا‬ ‫العالم‬ ‫في‬ ‫إنسان‬ ‫مليون‬ ‫ينتحر‬
•16‫لكل‬ ‫إنتحار‬ ‫حالة‬100000.‫السكان‬ ‫من‬
•‫كل‬ ‫بالنتحار‬ ‫وفاة‬40.‫ثانية‬

6. Cultures and Suicide
‫الثقافات‬‫والنتحار‬
• Suicide has occurred at all time , in all
geographical regions of the world and in all
cultures .
• The Western cultures with good welfare societies
in financially well off countries has high suicide
rates.
•‫وثقافات‬ ‫مناطق‬ ‫وكل‬ ، ‫العصور‬ ‫كل‬ ‫في‬ ‫النتحار‬ ‫يحدث‬
.‫بالثقافة‬ ‫يرتبط‬ ‫النتحار‬ ‫نمط‬ ‫ولكن‬ ‫العالم‬
•‫والرعاية‬ ‫الغنية‬ ‫المجتمعات‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫الغربية‬ ‫الحضارة‬ ‫إن‬
‫الرتباط‬ ‫تآكل‬ ‫حيث‬ ، ‫العاطفي‬ ‫الفقر‬ ‫من‬ ‫تشكو‬ ‫الجيدة‬
‫المحلية‬ ‫للبيئة‬ ‫إنتماء‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫يعد‬ ‫لم‬ ‫و‬ ‫الجتماعية‬ ‫بالشبكة‬
.

7. • The cousin of financial wealth may be emotional
poverty where the sense of belonging in a community
and to a network has been eroded .
• There are many indications that developing countries
may be entering a phase of increasing suicide rates.
•‫النامية‬ ‫الدول‬ ‫بأن‬ ‫كثيرة‬ ‫دلئل‬ ‫وهناك‬
.‫النتحار‬ ‫معدلت‬ ‫زيادة‬ ‫مرحلة‬ ‫تدخل‬

8. Religions and Suicide
‫والنتحار‬ ‫الديانات‬
• No religion has more condemning attitude to suicide
than Islam . As life is a gift from Allah , hence we must
also accept the obligations that go with it, essentially
two: gratitude for the life one has been given and
submission to Allah.
•‫النتحار‬ ‫تدين‬ ‫التي‬ ‫الديانات‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫من‬ ‫السلم‬
‫بل‬ّ ‫تق‬ ‫وعلينا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫من‬ ‫هبة‬ ‫الحياة‬ ‫إعتبر‬ ‫حيث‬
:‫إثنين‬ ‫وتحديدا‬ ‫تبعاتها‬
1..‫لنا‬ ‫منحت‬ ‫التي‬ ‫بالحياة‬ ‫العرفان‬
2.. ‫وجل‬ ‫عز‬ ‫لله‬ ‫والرضوخ‬

9. • Islamic countries generally exhibit a far lower suicide
rate than the Christian world.
• It rises when Moslems immigrate to western countries
.
• Hinduism have not had negative perception of suicide
.
•‫أقل‬ ‫السلمية‬ ‫الدول‬ ‫في‬ ‫النتحار‬ ‫معدلت‬
.‫المسيحي‬ ‫العالم‬ ‫من‬
•‫المهاجرين‬ ‫المسلمين‬ ‫إنتحار‬ ‫معدلت‬ ‫ترتفع‬
.‫للغرب‬
•‫النتحار‬ ‫من‬ ‫سلبي‬ ‫غير‬ ‫موقفها‬ ‫الهندوسية‬
.ً‫أحيانا‬ ‫شجعته‬ ‫بل‬

10. • Confucians teaching doesn't permit suicide.
• The Japanese traditional suicide is based on
Shintioism and Buddhism.
•.‫النتحار‬ ‫تمنع‬ ‫الكنفوشيوسيه‬
•‫تقليدي‬ ‫طابع‬ ‫النتحار‬ ‫أخذ‬ ‫اليابان‬ ‫في‬
.‫والشينتويه‬ ‫البوذية‬ ‫خلفية‬ ‫على‬ ‫وطني‬

11. • Causes of Suicide:
1-Biological
2- Psychological
3- psychological:
• Marital status and
• sexual orientation
• Socioeconomic status.
• Religion.
• Urban versus rural living.
• Race and ethnicity.
• Suicide by imitation.
•:‫النتحار‬ ‫أسباب‬
1-‫البيولوجية‬ ‫السباب‬
2-‫الجتماعية‬ ‫العوامل‬
3-:‫النفسية‬ ‫العوامل‬
•‫والتوجه‬ ‫الزوجية‬ ‫الحالة‬
.‫الجنسي‬
•‫الجتماعية‬ ‫الطبقة‬
. .‫الدين‬ ‫القتصادية‬
•.‫والريف‬ ‫المدن‬ ‫في‬ ‫المعيشة‬
•.‫والعرق‬ ‫الجنس‬
•.‫بالمحاكاة‬ ‫النتحار‬

12. Risk Factors
‫الخطورة‬ ‫عوامل‬

13. Demographic or social
factors:
- Young and elderly men.
-Native American or
Caucasian.
- Single < separated <
Divorced <Widowed.
- Social Isolation.
- Economic or occupational
stress, losses or
humiliation.
- New incarceration.
- History of
gambling. - Easy
access to methods of
suicide.
‫السكانية‬ ‫العوامل‬
:‫والجتماعية‬
-‫وكبار‬ ‫الشباب‬ ‫الرجال‬
- .‫السن‬
‫والجنس‬ ‫الصليون‬ ‫المريكيون‬
.‫القوقازي‬
-‫ثم‬ ‫المطلقين‬ ‫ثم‬ ‫الرامل‬
.‫فالعزاب‬ ‫المنفصلين‬
. -‫الجتماعية‬ ‫العزلة‬
-‫الجديدة‬ ‫المالية‬ ‫الضغوط‬
.‫والهانة‬ ‫والفقدان‬ ‫والمهنية‬
. -‫الحرية‬ ‫فقدان‬
. -‫المقامرة‬
-‫لوسائل‬ ‫الوصول‬ ‫سهولة‬
.‫النتحار‬

14. • Clinical Factors:
- Past and current major
psychiatric illness
- Personality disorder.
- Impulsive or violent traits.
- Current medical illness.
- Family history of suicide.
- Previous attempts or other
self injurious or impulsive
acts.
- Current ganger , agitation ,
and loss of interest.
• ‫السريرية‬ ‫:العوامل‬
•‫النفسية‬ ‫الضطرابات‬
‫والسابقة‬ ‫الحالية‬
•.‫الشخصية‬ ‫إضطرابات‬
•.‫*مرض‬ ‫والندفاع‬ ‫العنف‬
.‫عضوي‬
•.‫بالسرة‬ ‫إنتحار‬
•‫السابقة‬ ‫النتحار‬ ‫محاولت‬
‫الفعال‬ ‫من‬ ‫غيرها‬ ‫أو‬
‫إيذاء‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الندفاعية‬
.‫الذات‬
•‫وإنحسار‬ ‫والتهيج‬ ‫الغضب‬
.‫الهتمامات‬

15. • Current abuse of alcohol
or drugs or heavy
smoking.
• Easy access to lethal
toxins.
• Formulated plan ,
preparation for death or
suicide note.
• Low ambivalence about
dying versus living.
•‫إستعمال‬ ‫إساءة‬
‫والمؤثرات‬ ‫الكحول‬
‫وشراهة‬ ‫العقلية‬
.‫التدخين‬
•‫الوصول‬ ‫سهولة‬
‫القاتلة‬ ‫للسموم‬
.‫الدوية‬ ‫وخصوصا‬
•‫النتحار‬ ‫خطط‬
‫للموت‬ ‫والتحضير‬
.‫وصية‬ ‫وكتابة‬
•‫يخص‬ ‫فيما‬ ‫التردد‬ ‫قلة‬
.‫الموت‬ ‫مقابل‬ ‫الحياة‬

16. Factors specific to youth:
• All of above , less racial
differences.
• Recent marriage ,
unwanted pregnancy.
• Lack of family support.
• History of abuse.
• School problems.
• Social ostracism ,
humiliation.
• Conduct disorder.
• Homosexual orientation.
‫المتعلقة‬ ‫العوامل‬
‫بالشباب‬:
•‫إنخفاض‬ ‫مع‬ ‫سبق‬ ‫ما‬ ‫كل‬
‫العرقية‬ ‫الفروق‬.
•‫الغير‬ ‫الحمل‬ ‫ا‬َ ‫حديث‬ ‫الزواج‬
‫به‬ ‫مرغوب‬.
•‫الدعم‬ ‫توفر‬ ‫عدم‬
‫العائلي‬.
•‫لستعمال‬ ‫تاريخ‬ ‫وجود‬
‫الساءة‬.
•‫دراسية‬ ‫مشاكل‬.
•‫والصدام‬ ‫الهانة‬
‫الجتماعي‬.
•‫السلوك‬ ‫إضطرابات‬.

17. Preciptantants:
• Recent stress.
• Losses of emotional,
physical or financial
security.
‫المرسبة‬ ‫:العوامل‬
•‫الحديثة‬ ‫الضغوط‬
•‫المان‬ ‫فقدان‬ ‫خصوصا‬
‫الجتماعي‬ ، ‫العاطفي‬
.‫المالي‬ ‫أو‬ ‫المادي‬

18. Protective Factors:
• Intact social support ,
marriage.
• Active religions affiliation
of faith (Islam in
Particular)
• Presence of dependent
young children.
• Ongoing supportive
relationship with a
caregiver.
• Absence of depression or
substance abuse.
‫من‬ ‫الواقية‬ ‫العوامل‬
‫:النتحار‬
•‫شبكة‬ ‫ووجود‬ ‫الزواج‬
‫إجتماعي‬ ‫دعم‬.
•‫بالدين‬ ‫وإلتزام‬ ‫اليمان‬
‫السلم‬ ‫وخصوصا‬.
•‫معتمدين‬ ‫أطفال‬ ‫وجود‬.
•‫مستمرة‬ ‫علقة‬ ‫وجود‬
‫يقوم‬ ‫من‬ ‫مع‬ ‫داعمة‬
‫بالرعاية‬.
•‫أو‬ ‫الكتئاب‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫عدم‬
‫إستعمال‬ ‫إساءة‬
‫العقلية‬ ‫المؤثرات‬.

19. • Living close to medical
and mental health
resources.
• A wareness that
suicide is a product of
illness.
• Proven problem –
solving and coping
skills.
•‫الخدمات‬ ‫من‬ ‫القرب‬
‫النفسية‬ ‫الطبية‬.
•‫النتحار‬ ‫أن‬ ‫معرفة‬
‫أمراض‬ ‫محصلة‬ ‫هو‬.
•‫حل‬ ‫مهارات‬ ‫توفير‬
‫والقدرات‬ ‫المشاكل‬
‫مل‬ّ ‫التح‬ ‫على‬.

20. Psychiatric Disorders
• 90% had major psychiatric
illness.
• Half are depressed.
• One third are addicts ,
schizophrenic and anxiety
disorder.
• 5% serious physical
illness:- AIDS , M.S.,
Epilepsy, & Head injury.
• ‫النفسية‬ ‫:الضطرابات‬
•90%‫المنتحرين‬ ‫من‬
‫إضطرابات‬ ‫من‬ ‫يعانوا‬
‫نفسية‬.
•‫يعانون‬ ‫المنتحرين‬ ‫نصف‬
‫الكتئاب‬ ‫من‬.
•‫في‬ ‫النتحار‬ ‫ثلث‬
‫ومرضى‬ ‫المدمنين‬
‫والقلق‬ ‫الفصام‬
•5%‫أمراض‬ ‫من‬ ‫يعانون‬
‫عضوي‬‫ة‬-:‫إصابات‬
‫التصلب‬ ،‫الصرع‬ ، ‫الدماغ‬
‫اليدز‬ ،‫اللويحي‬.

21. Modern Sharia Opinion
‫المعاصرة‬ ‫الشرعية‬ ‫النظرة‬
• Conserving the human life is one of the
aims of Sharia, Islam has put down the
positive and negative methods to do so.
• ، ‫النفس‬ ‫حفظ‬ ‫الشرعية‬ ‫المقاصد‬ ‫من‬
‫الكفيلة‬ ‫التشريعات‬ ‫السلم‬ ‫وضع‬ ‫وقد‬
‫السلب‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اليجاب‬ ‫بطريق‬ ‫النفس‬ ‫بحفظ‬.

22. • positively: mean providing everything that can keep
the life; like food , drink , clothes and medicines.
• Negatively: it is forbidden to kill , beat , or humiliate
human beings , and suicide is included.
• ‫من‬ ‫البقاء‬ ‫عوامل‬ ‫بتوفير‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫واليجاب‬
‫حفظها‬ ‫أما‬ ،‫ودواء‬ ‫وكساء‬ ‫وشراب‬ ‫طعام‬
‫عليها‬ ‫العتداء‬ ‫ا‬ ‫رم‬ّ ‫ح‬ ‫فقد‬ ‫السلب‬ ‫بطرق‬
‫الهانة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الضرب‬ ‫أو‬ ‫بالقتل‬ f‫ذلك‬ ‫في‬ ‫ما‬
‫.النتحار‬

23. The Responsibility in Islam
‫السلم‬ ‫في‬ ‫المسؤولية‬
• The full mental capacity is the ground of
responsibility for worship of Allah , criminal
responsibility and suicide, and in cases of affected
mental capacity , the person can't be held
responsible for all of these areas.
• ‫الشرعي‬ ‫التكليف‬ ‫في‬ ‫المسؤولية‬ ‫أصل‬
‫وجود‬ ‫هو‬ ‫والنتحار‬ ‫الجنائية‬ ‫والمسؤولية‬
‫هذه‬ ‫وإنعدام‬ ، ‫الكاملة‬ ‫العقلية‬ ‫القدرة‬
‫التي‬ ‫السباب‬ ‫من‬ ‫سبب‬ ‫لي‬ ‫القدرة‬
‫عدم‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫يؤدي‬ ‫النفسية‬ ‫العلوم‬ ‫تحددها‬
‫المسؤولية‬ ‫.وقوع‬

24. Case 1:
• A married Moslem Jordanian man , who is very faithful
Moslem , observing all Islamic requirements , he was a
business man . During Ramadan at 4 A.M he killed himself
in a locked room , by cutting his wrists , swallowing more
that one hundred tablets of several kinds and shot himself in
the head. The family and friends were shocked, couldn't
believe the suicide verdict .Later on a suicide not of 20
pages was found , that revealed severe depression with
distorted cognitive thoughts, and extreme pessimism that
contradict his talks in the mosques and every were . As he
concluded from reading books that he was depressed , and
because it is shameful to seek psychiatric help the suicide
was the best alternative?
• What is the Islamic opinion about this death ?

25. • This man death is not considered suicide as he
has affected mental capacity and well , and
accordingly he should be dealt with like any
Moslem died from natural causes , regarding
praying funeral and burial and asking Allah to
forgive him.

26. ‫الولى‬ ‫:الحالة‬
•‫العبادات‬ ‫كل‬ ‫ويراعي‬ ‫بدينه‬ ‫متمسك‬ ‫مسلم‬ ‫أردني‬ ‫رجل‬
.‫المبارك‬ ‫رمضان‬ ‫شهر‬ ‫في‬ ‫أعمال‬ ‫رجل‬ ‫وهو‬ ، ‫المطلوبة‬
‫يقطع‬ ، ‫مغلقة‬ ‫غرفة‬ ‫في‬ ‫نفسه‬ ‫قتل‬ ‫صباحا‬ ‫الرابعة‬ ‫في‬
‫مختلفة‬ ‫أدوية‬ ‫من‬ ‫حبة‬ ‫مائة‬ ‫من‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫وبلع‬ ‫الرسغ‬ ‫شرايين‬
‫كبيرة‬ ‫صدمة‬ ‫النتحار‬ ‫كان‬ ، ‫رأسه‬ ‫على‬ ‫النار‬ ‫وأطلق‬
‫العام‬ ‫المدعي‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫يصدقوا‬ ‫ولم‬ ‫والصدقاء‬ ‫للسرة‬
.‫وصية‬ ‫إكتشاف‬ ‫تم‬ ‫لحق‬ ‫وقت‬ ‫في‬ ‫إنتحارا‬ ‫الموت‬ ‫بإعتبار‬
‫من‬20‫إكتئاب‬ ‫من‬ ‫يعاني‬ ‫كان‬ ‫بأنه‬ ‫توضح‬ ‫والتي‬ ‫صفحة‬
‫يتناقض‬ ‫شديد‬ ‫تشاؤم‬ ‫وظهر‬ ، ‫تفكيره‬ ‫إضطرب‬ ‫وقد‬ ‫شديد‬
.‫ومن‬ ‫مكان‬ ‫وكل‬ ‫المساجد‬ ‫في‬ ‫ودروسه‬ ‫خطبه‬ ‫مع‬
‫أنه‬ ‫للكتب‬ ‫قراءته‬ ‫خلل‬ ‫من‬ ‫لخلصة‬ ‫وصل‬ ‫قد‬ ‫أنه‬ ‫الواضح‬
‫من‬ ‫المساعدة‬ ‫طلب‬ ‫أن‬ ‫إعتبر‬ ‫ولنه‬ ، ‫بالكتئاب‬ ‫مصاب‬
‫البديل‬ ‫هو‬ ‫النتحار‬ ‫وأن‬ ‫ومشين‬ ‫مخجل‬ ‫أمر‬ ‫نفسي‬ ‫طبيب‬

27. • ‫ناقص‬ ‫لنه‬ ‫منتحرا‬ ‫الرجل‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫يعتبر‬ ‫ل‬
‫يعامل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ينبغي‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫على‬ ‫والرادة‬ ‫الدراك‬
‫يغسل‬ّ ‫ف‬ ‫قهري‬ ‫بعارض‬ ‫توفي‬ ‫مسلم‬ ‫كأي‬
‫وندعوا‬ ‫المسلمين‬ ‫مقابر‬ ‫في‬ ‫عليه‬ ‫ويصلى‬
‫بالمغفرة‬ ‫.له‬

28. Case 2:
• A single 30 years old Jordanian Moslem man, who
spent half his life in and out of prisons , for various
crimes, he abused hashish alcohol and heroin , he
had promiscuous sexual behavior , and was
bisexual, he mutilated himself several times , was
aggressive with every body stealing and damaging
property, had many emotional affairs , contacted
AIDS, and killed himself by burning. What is the
Islamic opinion about his death?

29. The Islamic Opinion:
• The Behavior of this man doesn't
indicate that his ability of choice is
affected and his mental capacity is
responsible , and killing himself is
suicide , but still we pray to God to
forgive him.

30. ‫الثانية‬ ‫:الحالة‬
•‫حياته‬ ‫نصف‬ ‫أمضى‬ ،‫أعزب‬ ‫مسلم‬ ‫أردني‬ ‫رجل‬
‫وقد‬ ، ‫مختلفة‬ ‫لجرائم‬ ‫السجن‬ ‫من‬ ‫ويخرج‬ ‫يدخل‬
‫والهيروين‬ ‫والكحول‬ ‫الحشيش‬ ‫إستعمال‬ ‫أساء‬
‫أنه‬ ‫كما‬ ، ‫عديدة‬ ‫رمة‬ّ ‫مح‬ ‫جنسية‬ ‫علقات‬ ‫له‬ ‫وكان‬
‫كان‬ ‫كما‬ ، ‫الجنسية‬ ‫توجهاته‬ ‫في‬ ‫مزدوج‬ ‫كان‬
‫مع‬ ‫عنيف‬ ‫وكان‬ ،‫عديدة‬ ‫مرات‬ ‫في‬ ‫نفسه‬ ‫يؤذي‬
‫له‬ ‫وكان‬ ، ‫الممتلكات‬ ‫ويدمر‬ ‫يسرق‬ ،‫الناس‬ ‫كل‬
‫وقد‬ ،‫باليدز‬ ‫أصيب‬ ،‫عديدة‬ ‫عاطفية‬ ‫علقات‬
.‫ومات‬ ‫نفسه‬ ‫أحرق‬
•‫الرجل؟‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫موت‬ ‫في‬ ‫السلمي‬ ‫الرأي‬ ‫هو‬ ‫ما‬

31. ‫الشرعي‬ ‫:الرأي‬
• ‫على‬ ‫يدل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫الرجل‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫وإنحراف‬ ‫سلوك‬
‫فقتله‬ ، ‫والدراك‬ ‫الختيار‬ ‫في‬ ‫نقصان‬
‫يتوب‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ونسأل‬ ‫إنتحارا‬ ‫يعد‬ ‫لنفسه‬
‫.عليه‬

32. Case 3:
• A single 25 years old schizophrenic man, who is
hearing voices with delusions and disturbed
thoughts . The auditory hallucinations were either
commenting or talking about him , and sometimes
ordering him, many times the order was
aggressive , he jumped from the fifth floor in
response to the voices, that was what he said in the
intensive care, where he died two days later.
• What is the Islamic opinion about his death?

33. Islamic Opinion:
• This man has affected mental capacity
and can't be responsible criminally or
religiously and his death is not
considered suicide , his burial and
funeral is like my other Muslim.

34. ‫الثالثة‬ ‫:الحالة‬
•‫عمره‬ ‫بالفصام‬ ‫مريض‬ ‫أعزب‬ ‫رجل‬25
‫ولديه‬ ‫ويتوهم‬ ‫أصوات‬ ‫يسمع‬ ،‫سنة‬
.‫وكأن‬ ‫التفكير‬ ‫في‬ ‫كثيرة‬ ‫إضطرابات‬
‫أو‬ ‫عليه‬ ‫تعلق‬ ‫كانت‬ ‫السمعية‬ ‫الهلوس‬
‫تعطي‬ ‫كانت‬ ‫أحوال‬ ‫وفي‬ ، ‫عنه‬ ‫تتكلم‬
‫من‬ ‫وقفز‬ ، ‫عنيفة‬ ‫معظمها‬ ‫في‬ ‫أوامر‬
، ‫الصوات‬ ‫لهذه‬ ‫طاعة‬ ‫الخامس‬ ‫الطابق‬
‫العناية‬ ‫في‬ ‫للطباء‬ ‫قاله‬ ‫ما‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫وكان‬
.‫يومين‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫توفي‬ ‫حيث‬ ‫المركزة‬

35. ‫الشرعي‬ ‫الرأي‬
• ‫تحت‬ ‫يقع‬ ‫فل‬ ‫الدراك‬ ‫ناقص‬ ‫الرجل‬ ‫هذا‬
‫ول‬ ‫الدينية‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الجنائية‬ ‫المسؤولية‬ ‫طائلة‬
‫في‬ ‫ويدفن‬ ‫عليه‬ ‫فيصلى‬ ، ‫منتحرا‬ ‫يعتبر‬
‫المسلمين‬ ‫.مقابر‬

36. Case 4 :
• A married good Moslem woman 28 years old, who developed
severe post-natal depression with psychotic features , she felt
that life is miserable and there is no hope for her or the new born
baby boy , at times she felt that her two other daughters (two and
five years old) are devils , was very confused, and scared the
obstetrician advised the family to the seek psychiatric help , but
they declined this and saw somebody (sheikh), who claimed that
she was possessed with jin and he started a series of rituals to
take the jin out of her, that included beating her and shocking
her by electricity, few days later she locked herself with the
children in the kitchen and opened the gas, and died with the
three children , what is the Islamic opinion in her death , and
killing her children ? what is the situation of the family that
didn't accept scientific opinion ? and what is the position of the
healer who tortured her and probably gave her the last push
toward death.

37. The Islamic Opinion
• This woman has an affected mental capacity and well,
and her death should not be considered as suicide and
has to be treated like any another Moslem in praying ,
funeral and burial .
• The family who didn't take the medical advise and saw
this healer is sinful .
• The Sheikh should not be addressed so as this word
carries the meaning of respect , and he is sinful and
should be persecuted in the court of law , and he is
possibly plethesmous and needs tawba.

38. ‫الرابعة‬ ‫:الحالة‬
•‫عمرها‬ ‫متزوجة‬ ‫مسلمة‬ ‫إمرأة‬28‫بإكتئاب‬ ‫أصيبت‬ ‫سنة‬
‫وشعرت‬ ، ‫ذهانية‬ ‫بأعراض‬ ‫المصحوب‬ ‫الشديد‬ ‫النفاس‬
‫وفي‬ ، ‫الصبي‬ ‫لوليدها‬ ‫ول‬ ‫لها‬ ‫أمل‬ ‫ول‬ ‫بائسة‬ ‫الحياة‬ ‫أن‬
)‫بعمر‬ ‫إبنتيها‬ ‫أن‬ ‫تشعر‬ ‫كانت‬ ‫أوقات‬2،5(‫هما‬ ‫سنوات‬
‫طبيب‬ ‫نصح‬ ‫وقد‬ ، ‫وخائفة‬ ‫تهذي‬ ‫وكانت‬ ‫الشياطين‬ ‫من‬
‫لم‬ ‫ولكن‬ ‫فورا‬ ‫نفسي‬ ‫لطبيب‬ ‫اللجوء‬ ‫السرة‬ ‫التوليد‬
،‫الجن‬ ‫من‬ ‫ملبوسة‬ ‫أنها‬ ‫إدعى‬ ‫لشخص‬ ‫وذهبوا‬ ، ‫يفعلوا‬
،‫منها‬ ‫الجن‬ ‫لخراج‬ ‫الطقوس‬ ‫من‬ ‫سلسلة‬ ‫في‬ ‫وبدأ‬
‫عدة‬ ‫وبعد‬ ، ‫بالكهرباء‬ ‫وصدمها‬ ، ‫الضرب‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫وشمل‬
‫في‬ ‫الثلثة‬ ‫وأطفالها‬ ‫نفسها‬ ‫على‬ ‫البواب‬ ‫أغلقت‬ ‫أيام‬
.‫وأطفالها‬ ‫وتوفيت‬ ‫الغاز‬ ‫وفتحت‬ ‫المطبخ‬
•‫لطفالها؟‬ ‫وقتلها‬ ‫موتها‬ ‫في‬ ‫السلم‬ ‫رأي‬ ‫هو‬ ‫ما‬

39. ‫الشرعي‬ ‫الرأي‬
•‫الدراك‬ ‫ناقصة‬ ‫مريضة‬ ‫المرآة‬ ‫هذه‬
‫غسل‬ُ ‫وت‬ ‫منتحرة‬ ‫تعتبر‬ ‫فل‬ ‫والرادة‬
‫مقابر‬ ‫في‬ ‫وتدفن‬ ‫عليها‬ ‫ويصلى‬
‫إتجهت‬ ‫التي‬ ‫والسرة‬ ‫المسلمين‬
.‫آثمة‬ ‫للمشعوذين‬
•‫لن‬ ‫شيخا‬ ‫نسميه‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يجدر‬ ‫ل‬ ‫المشعوذ‬
‫الذي‬ ‫الصطلحي‬ ‫معناها‬ ‫الشيخ‬ ‫لكلمة‬
‫آثم‬ ‫وهو‬ ،‫والتوقير‬ ‫الحترام‬ ‫على‬ ‫يدل‬
، ‫جنائيا‬ ‫معاقبته‬ ‫وتجب‬ ‫وجل‬ ‫عز‬ ‫ا‬ ‫من‬

40. Conclusion:
‫:الخلصة‬
• Suicide is an important human phenomena , that is basically
forbidden in Islam . But taking in consideration the
scientific basis of psychiatric disorders and causes of
suicide , means that every suicide depends on the diagnosis
of the psychiatrist and this "God well" should reassure the
families of those who committed suicide , and helps the
psychiatrists and religious leaders to direct and advise these
families.
• ‫زال‬ ‫ل‬ ‫تحريمها‬ ‫في‬ ‫والصل‬ ، ‫الهامة‬ ‫البشرية‬ ‫الظواهر‬ ‫من‬ ‫النتحار‬
‫يجعل‬ ‫النفسية‬ ‫والمراض‬ ‫العلمية‬ ‫بالسباب‬ ‫الخذ‬ ‫ولكن‬ ،‫قائما‬
‫ا‬ ‫بإذن‬ ‫وهذا‬ ، ‫الطبي‬ ‫تشخيصه‬ ‫على‬ ‫يعتمد‬ ‫المنتحر‬ ‫على‬ ‫الحكم‬
‫الدين‬ ‫ورجال‬ ‫النفسيين‬ ‫الطباء‬ ‫ويساعد‬ ‫المنتحرين‬ ‫أسر‬ ‫يطمئن‬
‫والناس‬ ‫السر‬ ‫توجيه‬ ‫.في‬

42. ‫وشكــــــــرا‬
‫ا‬ ‫ورحمة‬ ‫عليكم‬ ‫والسلم‬
‫وبركاته‬
Thank you