This document discusses establishing the vertical dimension of rest (VDR) and vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) when making maxillomandibular relation records. It defines VDR as the vertical separation of the jaws when the muscles are at rest, which can be accurately measured. VDO is the vertical separation when teeth are in occlusion. The document discusses different methods for determining VDR and VDO, such as waxes and impression compounds. It emphasizes that facebow transfers and centric relation records should be made at the proper VDO to accurately mount casts.
The document discusses stainless steel crowns used for restoring primary teeth. It covers:
1) Characteristics of stainless steel crowns including their composition of chromium, nickel and iron.
2) Indications for their use such as extensive decay, pulp therapy, developmental defects, and as a preventive restoration.
3) The procedure for placing stainless steel crowns which involves tooth preparation, selection of the correct sized crown, contouring and crimping the crown, cementation and post-cementation checks.
The document discusses local anesthesia and extraction techniques for primary teeth in children. It covers preparing the child by explaining the procedure, applying topical anesthetics, injecting local anesthetic solutions such as infiltration or nerve blocks, and extracting primary teeth using forceps with care taken to avoid injury. Post-operative instructions include not biting lips after anesthesia and a soft diet.
Fluorides in the environment, history, mechanism of action of fluorides, Systemic fluoridation in water, salt, milk and fluoride supplements. History of each water, milk and salt fluoridation.
This document discusses fluid control and gingival displacement techniques which are important for accurate impressions and cementation of restorations. It describes various methods for fluid control including cotton rolls, rubber dams, high and low vacuum suction, and antisialogogues. Methods for gingival displacement include mechanical techniques like rubber dams and retraction cords, as well as surgical methods like electrosurgery and lasers. Retraction cords work by both mechanically separating tissue and chemically providing hemostasis, while lasers provide benefits like hemostasis, reduced post-operative pain and less gingival recession. Mastering these techniques helps produce quality restorations with proper fit.
Pediatric exodontia requires behavior modification techniques, careful consideration of the child's development and medical history, and use of small extraction forceps and elevators to remove primary teeth while minimizing trauma. Extraction of natal or neonatal teeth requires special precautions due to risk of hemorrhage. Complications from untreated infections or conditions like ankyloglossia may require oral surgery in children.
This document discusses serial extraction, which is an interceptive orthodontic procedure used to correct hereditary tooth-size discrepancies. It describes when serial extraction should be considered, between ages 6-12, and the criteria for determining if a patient is a suitable candidate. Ideal candidates have a Class I malocclusion with a true tooth-size discrepancy of 10mm or more. Contraindications include Class III maloccusions. A thorough examination and diagnostic records including radiographs and models are required to properly diagnose if serial extraction is appropriate.
This document discusses space maintainers, which are appliances used to preserve space in the dental arch after premature loss of primary teeth. It describes different types of space maintainers including band and loop, lingual arch, distal shoe, and removable space maintainers. Indications and contraindications for each type are provided. The document also discusses myofunctional appliances used to correct oral habits like thumb sucking. Various types of clasps and springs used in removable partial dentures are described.
This document discusses establishing the vertical dimension of rest (VDR) and vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) when making maxillomandibular relation records. It defines VDR as the vertical separation of the jaws when the muscles are at rest, which can be accurately measured. VDO is the vertical separation when teeth are in occlusion. The document discusses different methods for determining VDR and VDO, such as waxes and impression compounds. It emphasizes that facebow transfers and centric relation records should be made at the proper VDO to accurately mount casts.
The document discusses stainless steel crowns used for restoring primary teeth. It covers:
1) Characteristics of stainless steel crowns including their composition of chromium, nickel and iron.
2) Indications for their use such as extensive decay, pulp therapy, developmental defects, and as a preventive restoration.
3) The procedure for placing stainless steel crowns which involves tooth preparation, selection of the correct sized crown, contouring and crimping the crown, cementation and post-cementation checks.
The document discusses local anesthesia and extraction techniques for primary teeth in children. It covers preparing the child by explaining the procedure, applying topical anesthetics, injecting local anesthetic solutions such as infiltration or nerve blocks, and extracting primary teeth using forceps with care taken to avoid injury. Post-operative instructions include not biting lips after anesthesia and a soft diet.
Fluorides in the environment, history, mechanism of action of fluorides, Systemic fluoridation in water, salt, milk and fluoride supplements. History of each water, milk and salt fluoridation.
This document discusses fluid control and gingival displacement techniques which are important for accurate impressions and cementation of restorations. It describes various methods for fluid control including cotton rolls, rubber dams, high and low vacuum suction, and antisialogogues. Methods for gingival displacement include mechanical techniques like rubber dams and retraction cords, as well as surgical methods like electrosurgery and lasers. Retraction cords work by both mechanically separating tissue and chemically providing hemostasis, while lasers provide benefits like hemostasis, reduced post-operative pain and less gingival recession. Mastering these techniques helps produce quality restorations with proper fit.
Pediatric exodontia requires behavior modification techniques, careful consideration of the child's development and medical history, and use of small extraction forceps and elevators to remove primary teeth while minimizing trauma. Extraction of natal or neonatal teeth requires special precautions due to risk of hemorrhage. Complications from untreated infections or conditions like ankyloglossia may require oral surgery in children.
This document discusses serial extraction, which is an interceptive orthodontic procedure used to correct hereditary tooth-size discrepancies. It describes when serial extraction should be considered, between ages 6-12, and the criteria for determining if a patient is a suitable candidate. Ideal candidates have a Class I malocclusion with a true tooth-size discrepancy of 10mm or more. Contraindications include Class III maloccusions. A thorough examination and diagnostic records including radiographs and models are required to properly diagnose if serial extraction is appropriate.
This document discusses space maintainers, which are appliances used to preserve space in the dental arch after premature loss of primary teeth. It describes different types of space maintainers including band and loop, lingual arch, distal shoe, and removable space maintainers. Indications and contraindications for each type are provided. The document also discusses myofunctional appliances used to correct oral habits like thumb sucking. Various types of clasps and springs used in removable partial dentures are described.
Pulp Therapy In Pediatric Dentistry Revised 2jinishnath
The document discusses various pulp therapy techniques for treating diseased or injured dental pulps in primary and young permanent teeth in pediatric dentistry. It describes the objectives and procedures for vital pulp therapy, such as pulpotomy, and non-vital pulp therapy techniques like pulpectomy and apexification. For pulpectomy, the procedure involves removing all caries, amputating the coronal pulp, and instrumenting and filling the canals with a resorbable paste like zinc oxide eugenol. Apexification is used when apexogenesis fails to encourage apical closure, and involves repeated calcium hydroxide placements in the canals.
Local anaesthesia for children (dentistry)jhansi mutyala
This document provides an overview of local anaesthesia techniques for children. It discusses definitions of local anaesthesia and various techniques including surface anaesthesia, infiltration, nerve blocks, and recent advances. It covers local anaesthetic solutions, pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain control methods, and complications of local anaesthesia such as allergic reactions and toxicity when using local anaesthetics in children. The goal is to provide effective pain control while minimizing risks for paediatric dental procedures.
An avulsed tooth is one that has been completely displaced from its socket. For permanent teeth, immediate replantation within 1 hour of avulsion has the best prognosis. The tooth should be gently rinsed and replanted in its socket, holding it in place until dental care can be received. If immediate replantation is not possible, the tooth should be transported in a moist environment like milk or saline to reduce the dry time before replantation by a dentist. Deciduous teeth should not be replanted due to risks of damage to the developing permanent tooth.
This document discusses various direct sequelae that can be caused by wearing removable dentures, including mucosal reactions, oral galvanic currents, altered taste perception, burning mouth syndrome, gagging, residual ridge reduction, periodontal disease of abutment teeth, and caries of abutment teeth. It focuses on denture stomatitis, providing classifications, causes, diagnostic methods, and management approaches. Predisposing factors, treatment with antifungals, and preventive measures are described. Other conditions addressed include flabby ridge, denture irritation hyperplasia, fibroepithelial polyp, traumatic ulcers, and burning mouth syndrome. Causes, diagnostic steps, and management of these conditions are
- Record the findings on the proforma
- Assist the examiner as required
- Maintain the equipment and supplies
- Help in sterilization and disinfection
Examiner:
- Explain the procedure to the subject
- Conduct the examination
- Record the findings
- Refer cases requiring treatment
5. Analyzing the data:
- Data entry and cleaning
- Descriptive analysis - frequencies, percentages
- Inferential analysis - Chi square test, t test, ANOVA
- Graphs and tables
- Interpretation
6. Drawing conclusions:
- Compare findings with other studies
- Discuss limitations
- Suggest recommendations
- State implications for oral health policy
This document provides an overview of radiographic techniques and interpretations in endodontic diagnosis. It discusses the history of dental radiography and various radiographic techniques including intraoral periapical, bitewing, occlusal, tomography, computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography, scanography, stereography, magnetic resonance imaging, digital subtraction radiography and direct digital radiography. It also covers interpreting dental caries, trauma, pulpal and periapical lesions, restorations and dental materials, and root canal anatomy on radiographs. The document emphasizes that cone beam computed tomography is more accurate than conventional radiography for detecting vertical root fractures in teeth with metallic posts.
Fundamental concepts of enamel and dentin adhesionRicha Singh
1. The document discusses the fundamental concepts of enamel and dentin adhesion, including the mechanisms of adhesion and classifications of dental adhesives.
2. It describes Buonocore's acid etch technique for bonding to enamel and the challenges of bonding to dentin, such as its structure, the smear layer, and stresses at the resin-dentin interface.
3. Current strategies for resin-dentin bonding are discussed, including etch-and-rinse adhesives and self-etch adhesives. Etch-and-rinse adhesives involve removing the smear layer with acid before bonding, while self-etch adhesives combine etching and priming into one step.
This document provides a history of fluorides and their discovery and use in dentistry. It discusses how fluorine was first discovered in the 18th century and early observations of fluorides in teeth and bones in the 19th century. In the early 20th century, Dr. McKay first observed mottled enamel in children in Colorado and suspected it was related to fluoride levels in drinking water. Extensive surveys and studies over decades by McKay, Black, Dean and others confirmed high fluoride levels in endemic areas with mottled enamel. They established fluoride's role in preventing dental caries when consumed in optimal levels in drinking water.
Vertical jaw relations /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses CAMBRA (Caries Management By Risk Assessment), a clinical review for managing dental caries risk in children. CAMBRA integrates caries risk assessment into comprehensive oral health visits for children from birth to age 5. It involves assessing risk factors, customizing preventive care plans, and determining recall schedules based on risk. The review describes the CAMBRA process, which includes examining protective and risk factors, clinical exams, fluoride varnish application, setting self-management goals, and developing individualized care paths. Barriers to caries risk assessment and recommendations to address them are also discussed.
This document discusses direct and indirect pulp capping procedures. Indirect pulp capping involves covering the deepest layer of remaining carious dentin with a biocompatible material to prevent pulp exposure and stimulate tertiary dentin formation. Direct pulp capping places a protective dressing directly over an exposed pulp to preserve its vitality. Various materials used for both procedures are discussed, along with their advantages and disadvantages. The document provides details on performing indirect and direct pulp capping clinically and factors affecting their success.
Dr. Vartika Srivastava presented a seminar on gingival diseases in childhood. The seminar covered the normal periodontium in children, classifications of gingival diseases including eruption gingivitis, dental plaque induced gingivitis, acute gingival diseases like herpes simplex virus infection and recurrent aphthous ulcers. Treatment options for these conditions in children were also discussed. The seminar emphasized the importance of early detection and treatment of gingival diseases in childhood for preventive benefits and lifetime periodontal health.
This document discusses pit and fissure sealants, including their:
1) Definition as materials that are introduced into pits and fissures to form a protective layer and prevent bacteria access.
2) History from early suggestions in 1905 to modern resin-based sealants developed in the 1960s.
3) Classification based on material, curing method, filler content, and generation.
4) Mode of action in covering and obliterating ecological niches to prevent caries.
5) Clinical application process and indications/contraindications for use.
Dental fillings or Dental Restoration is a procedure of treating the decayed tooth or the tooth having cracks or the tooth that is worn out in time. The abnormalities that need to be filled in to avoid further infection or problems.
Dental Fillings are of two types Direct Fillings and Indirect Fillings.
Young permanent teeth have incompletely formed roots and differ from permanent teeth in their pulp chamber anatomy, pulp size, and dentin thickness. Their roots are longer and more slender compared to primary teeth. Indirect pulp capping involves applying a medicament over remaining dentin after deep caries removal without exposure. Direct pulp capping places a biocompatible material over an inadvertent exposure to seal the pulp. Pulpotomy removes coronal pulp tissue to preserve radicular vitality, while pulpectomy removes necrotic pulp and obturates canals to maintain an infection-free tooth.
This document discusses mixed dentition space analysis, which is used to predict space requirements for unerupted permanent teeth during the mixed dentition period from ages 6 to 12 years. Accurate prediction is important for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The document outlines three main methods for mixed dentition space analysis: 1) using measurements of erupted permanent teeth on dental casts to predict sizes of unerupted teeth, 2) measuring unerupted teeth directly on radiographs, and 3) combining the first two methods. It provides details on several commonly used techniques within each category to facilitate space prediction and assessment of crowding or spacing in the dental arches.
Pulp Therapy In Pediatric Dentistry Revised 2jinishnath
The document discusses various pulp therapy techniques for treating diseased or injured dental pulps in primary and young permanent teeth in pediatric dentistry. It describes the objectives and procedures for vital pulp therapy, such as pulpotomy, and non-vital pulp therapy techniques like pulpectomy and apexification. For pulpectomy, the procedure involves removing all caries, amputating the coronal pulp, and instrumenting and filling the canals with a resorbable paste like zinc oxide eugenol. Apexification is used when apexogenesis fails to encourage apical closure, and involves repeated calcium hydroxide placements in the canals.
Local anaesthesia for children (dentistry)jhansi mutyala
This document provides an overview of local anaesthesia techniques for children. It discusses definitions of local anaesthesia and various techniques including surface anaesthesia, infiltration, nerve blocks, and recent advances. It covers local anaesthetic solutions, pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain control methods, and complications of local anaesthesia such as allergic reactions and toxicity when using local anaesthetics in children. The goal is to provide effective pain control while minimizing risks for paediatric dental procedures.
An avulsed tooth is one that has been completely displaced from its socket. For permanent teeth, immediate replantation within 1 hour of avulsion has the best prognosis. The tooth should be gently rinsed and replanted in its socket, holding it in place until dental care can be received. If immediate replantation is not possible, the tooth should be transported in a moist environment like milk or saline to reduce the dry time before replantation by a dentist. Deciduous teeth should not be replanted due to risks of damage to the developing permanent tooth.
This document discusses various direct sequelae that can be caused by wearing removable dentures, including mucosal reactions, oral galvanic currents, altered taste perception, burning mouth syndrome, gagging, residual ridge reduction, periodontal disease of abutment teeth, and caries of abutment teeth. It focuses on denture stomatitis, providing classifications, causes, diagnostic methods, and management approaches. Predisposing factors, treatment with antifungals, and preventive measures are described. Other conditions addressed include flabby ridge, denture irritation hyperplasia, fibroepithelial polyp, traumatic ulcers, and burning mouth syndrome. Causes, diagnostic steps, and management of these conditions are
- Record the findings on the proforma
- Assist the examiner as required
- Maintain the equipment and supplies
- Help in sterilization and disinfection
Examiner:
- Explain the procedure to the subject
- Conduct the examination
- Record the findings
- Refer cases requiring treatment
5. Analyzing the data:
- Data entry and cleaning
- Descriptive analysis - frequencies, percentages
- Inferential analysis - Chi square test, t test, ANOVA
- Graphs and tables
- Interpretation
6. Drawing conclusions:
- Compare findings with other studies
- Discuss limitations
- Suggest recommendations
- State implications for oral health policy
This document provides an overview of radiographic techniques and interpretations in endodontic diagnosis. It discusses the history of dental radiography and various radiographic techniques including intraoral periapical, bitewing, occlusal, tomography, computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography, scanography, stereography, magnetic resonance imaging, digital subtraction radiography and direct digital radiography. It also covers interpreting dental caries, trauma, pulpal and periapical lesions, restorations and dental materials, and root canal anatomy on radiographs. The document emphasizes that cone beam computed tomography is more accurate than conventional radiography for detecting vertical root fractures in teeth with metallic posts.
Fundamental concepts of enamel and dentin adhesionRicha Singh
1. The document discusses the fundamental concepts of enamel and dentin adhesion, including the mechanisms of adhesion and classifications of dental adhesives.
2. It describes Buonocore's acid etch technique for bonding to enamel and the challenges of bonding to dentin, such as its structure, the smear layer, and stresses at the resin-dentin interface.
3. Current strategies for resin-dentin bonding are discussed, including etch-and-rinse adhesives and self-etch adhesives. Etch-and-rinse adhesives involve removing the smear layer with acid before bonding, while self-etch adhesives combine etching and priming into one step.
This document provides a history of fluorides and their discovery and use in dentistry. It discusses how fluorine was first discovered in the 18th century and early observations of fluorides in teeth and bones in the 19th century. In the early 20th century, Dr. McKay first observed mottled enamel in children in Colorado and suspected it was related to fluoride levels in drinking water. Extensive surveys and studies over decades by McKay, Black, Dean and others confirmed high fluoride levels in endemic areas with mottled enamel. They established fluoride's role in preventing dental caries when consumed in optimal levels in drinking water.
Vertical jaw relations /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses CAMBRA (Caries Management By Risk Assessment), a clinical review for managing dental caries risk in children. CAMBRA integrates caries risk assessment into comprehensive oral health visits for children from birth to age 5. It involves assessing risk factors, customizing preventive care plans, and determining recall schedules based on risk. The review describes the CAMBRA process, which includes examining protective and risk factors, clinical exams, fluoride varnish application, setting self-management goals, and developing individualized care paths. Barriers to caries risk assessment and recommendations to address them are also discussed.
This document discusses direct and indirect pulp capping procedures. Indirect pulp capping involves covering the deepest layer of remaining carious dentin with a biocompatible material to prevent pulp exposure and stimulate tertiary dentin formation. Direct pulp capping places a protective dressing directly over an exposed pulp to preserve its vitality. Various materials used for both procedures are discussed, along with their advantages and disadvantages. The document provides details on performing indirect and direct pulp capping clinically and factors affecting their success.
Dr. Vartika Srivastava presented a seminar on gingival diseases in childhood. The seminar covered the normal periodontium in children, classifications of gingival diseases including eruption gingivitis, dental plaque induced gingivitis, acute gingival diseases like herpes simplex virus infection and recurrent aphthous ulcers. Treatment options for these conditions in children were also discussed. The seminar emphasized the importance of early detection and treatment of gingival diseases in childhood for preventive benefits and lifetime periodontal health.
This document discusses pit and fissure sealants, including their:
1) Definition as materials that are introduced into pits and fissures to form a protective layer and prevent bacteria access.
2) History from early suggestions in 1905 to modern resin-based sealants developed in the 1960s.
3) Classification based on material, curing method, filler content, and generation.
4) Mode of action in covering and obliterating ecological niches to prevent caries.
5) Clinical application process and indications/contraindications for use.
Dental fillings or Dental Restoration is a procedure of treating the decayed tooth or the tooth having cracks or the tooth that is worn out in time. The abnormalities that need to be filled in to avoid further infection or problems.
Dental Fillings are of two types Direct Fillings and Indirect Fillings.
Young permanent teeth have incompletely formed roots and differ from permanent teeth in their pulp chamber anatomy, pulp size, and dentin thickness. Their roots are longer and more slender compared to primary teeth. Indirect pulp capping involves applying a medicament over remaining dentin after deep caries removal without exposure. Direct pulp capping places a biocompatible material over an inadvertent exposure to seal the pulp. Pulpotomy removes coronal pulp tissue to preserve radicular vitality, while pulpectomy removes necrotic pulp and obturates canals to maintain an infection-free tooth.
This document discusses mixed dentition space analysis, which is used to predict space requirements for unerupted permanent teeth during the mixed dentition period from ages 6 to 12 years. Accurate prediction is important for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The document outlines three main methods for mixed dentition space analysis: 1) using measurements of erupted permanent teeth on dental casts to predict sizes of unerupted teeth, 2) measuring unerupted teeth directly on radiographs, and 3) combining the first two methods. It provides details on several commonly used techniques within each category to facilitate space prediction and assessment of crowding or spacing in the dental arches.