GIPC, 節能創意大賽, ETIC, 2015節能創意大賽, 2015ETIC, ETIC2015, 2015 Energy Techniques Innovative Competition, An Open Competition In The Innovation of Energy Techniques 2015,
GIPC, 節能創意大賽, ETIC, 2015節能創意大賽, 2015ETIC, ETIC2015, 2015 Energy Techniques Innovative Competition, An Open Competition In The Innovation of Energy Techniques 2015,
Plug-in cabinets solutions overview for commercial and professional refrigera...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Giovanni Tonin, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Manager and Sebastiano Di Lena, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Group Marketing – Food Retail at Chillventa eSpecial 2020. From iJ to HEOSone: CAREL's solutions for plug in cabinets
Know more: natref.carel.com
Which is the best solution for commercial and professional plug-in cabinets?CAREL Industries S.p.A
Miriam Solana Cipres, HVAC/R Knowledge Centre Engineer at Chillventa eSpecial 2020. This presentation describes the main objectives when designing a plug-in cabinet and Heosone, CAREL’s solution for commercial or professional plug-in cabinets.
Know more: natref.carel.com
How indoor air quality and relative humidity control affect your life: fighti...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Andrea Oscar Frisiero, Sales & Marketing HVAC Application Specialist at Chillventa eSpecial 2020. This presentation describes the role of air quality and humidity control in fighting the spread of airborne diseases and in preserving human health and the role of an HVAC company to reach these goals.
Know more: healthcare.carel.com
Marco Piovan, Sales & Marketing HVAC Application Manager and Matteo Venturi, Sales & Marketing Application Specialist at Chillventa eSpecial 2020. NEW uChiller for process chiller and use of Chillbooster for condenser and liquid coolers for industrial applications.
Know more: carel.com/product/mchiller-process
Michele Mohorovicich, Marketing Manager Refrigeration – EMEA CAREL, at Eurovent Middle East 2020. This presentation describes the solution trends for Supermarket retrofit and the benefits of DC inverter technology and EXV in food retail applications. Explore CAREL DC technology solutions to reach energy efficiency and food preservation.
Sistemi di umidificazione adiabatica secondo normativa VDI6022; aspetti tecno...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Andrea Oscar Frisiero, Application Specialist – Indoor Air Quality and Climate Control e Andrea Pagan, Application Manager – Ventilation and Systems a MCE Live & Digital 2021.
La recente pandemia ha evidenziato l'importanza di un corretto controllo dell'umidità (RH 40-60%) al fine di limitare la diffusione ed il rischio di contagio all'interno degli edifici.
Le tecnologie di umidificazione adiabatica sono la risposta più idonea al fine di garantire massima igienicità ed efficienza.
La norma VDI6022 costituisce il riferimento per le caratteristiche funzionali e costruttive per la gestione, la conduzione e la manutenzione sia dell'umidificatore che dell'intero sistema di ventilazione.
Progettisti ed installatori devono perciò fare importanti scelte riguardo il controllo dell'impianto. Una soluzione integrata tra umidificatore e sistema di controllo garantisce maggiori livelli di efficienza ed igienicità altrimenti non raggiungibili dai singoli elementi distinti.
Scopri di più: healthcare.carel.com
Gestione integrata di impianti meccanici HVAC: esempi pratici per garantire i...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Andrea Pagan, Application Manager – Ventilation and Systems e Alberto Bussotti, Area Manager HVAC Project & Dealer Filiale Italia a MCE Live & Digital 2021. Le azioni per garantire i corretti livelli di igienicità negli impianti di ventilazione sono spesso in contrasto con i più tradizionali principi volti a minimizzare il consumo energetico.
Questa situazione non è sostenibile nel lungo periodo a causa di maggiori consumi e costi operativi.
In questo webinar, vengono illustrati alcuni esempi pratici di come un sistema di controllo integrato dell'intero impianto HVAC possa garantire massima efficienza con corretti livelli di igienicità e sicurezza.
Scopri di più: www.carel.com
Increasing CO2 gas cooler efficiency and safety with CAREL's chillBoosterCAREL Industries S.p.A
Giacomo Favari, Marketing Manager Refrigeration – North America at ATMO Vitual Trade Show 2021. Increasingly high summer temperature peaks impact condenser and gas cooler performance. Evaporative cooling is an effective solution to give new life to installed coils, increasing their efficiency and reliability, or reducing coil size for new installations. This webinar presents chillBoster, with the focus on the benefits it brings to food retail refrigeration systems.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Plug-in cabinets solutions overview for Refrigeration Food ServiceCAREL Industries S.p.A
Giacomo Favari, Marketing Manager Refrigeration – North America at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. A dive into the food service and commercial refrigeration market with an overview of the main needs and drivers. In a constantly changing market scenario, we look at the complete CAREL offering and product portfolio in this market: from the new iJ parametric controller platform to the Heosone complete propane solution for high efficiency.
Know more: natref.carel.com
R290 solutions for plug-in units, case studies and experience (in Korean)CAREL Industries S.p.A
Abstract: Ray Sin from CAREL Korea, at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. How to maximise the benefits of R290 systems to achieve premium performance in terms of energy efficiency and connectivity In this presentation, we introduce CAREL's solutions for R290 plug-in cabinets and semi plug-in cabinets. How CAREL uses its knowledge and experience to build its R290 solutions.
Know more: natref.carel.com
How to increase energy efficiency in professional and catering applicationsCAREL Industries S.p.A
Giovanni Tonin, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Manager and Andrea Bianchi, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Specialist at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. A dive into the food service and commercial refrigeration market with an overview of the main needs and drivers. In a constantly changing market scenario, we look at the complete CAREL offering and product portfolio in this market: from the new iJ parametric controller platform to the Heosone complete propane solution for high efficiency.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Marco Fusca, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Specialist at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. CAREL has a complete range of high efficiency solutions for propane retail applications. CAREL is ready for 500 g with an extended range of PED cat 1 BLDC compressors. A special package has been specifically developed for 150 g air-cooled applications. The common technology is Heos: continuous modulation delivered to water-cooled or plug-in air-cooled applications, with the goal to maximise system efficiency and reliability.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Increasing CO2 gas cooler efficiency and safety with CAREL's chillBoosterCAREL Industries S.p.A
Giovanni Bonesso, Sales & Marketing Humidification Product Specialist and Federico Ferrari, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Specialist at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Increasingly high summer temperature peaks impact condenser and gas cooler performance. Evaporative cooling is an effective solution to give new life to installed coils, increasing their efficiency and reliability, or reducing coil size for new installations. This webinar presents chillBoster, with the focus on the benefits it brings to food retail refrigeration systems.
Know more: natref.carel.com
CO2 solutions for commercial refrigeration and case studies (in Chinese)CAREL Industries S.p.A
Mik Fei, Application Specialist - Refrigeration APAC, at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Introduction of CAREL’s complete range of natural refrigerant solutions for commercial refrigeration, including CDUs, HECU CO2, HEOS CO2, and standard rack systems with the pRack 300T series. Transcritical CO2 optimal gas cooler outlet pressure control as the basis for introducing transcritical CO2 system management. Information on different layouts of solutions for CDUs, semi plug-in waterloop system and Rack system. In the last part of this section, we describe the projects that have been completed in China/APAC with CAREL’s CO2 solutions and experience.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Gaurav Bali, Manager Technical Sales- Refrigeration & Retail (India), at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Ammonia is the perfect refrigerant in terms of refrigeration performance; however, safety and low charge are important for ammonia-based rack systems.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Transcritical CO2 - controller solution - Made in Ecuador Rack (in Portuguese)CAREL Industries S.p.A
Rafael Santoro, Application Enginee, CAREL Sud América at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Introduction of CAREL solutions for CO2 compressor racks - pRack300T. This introduction presents a simplified view of the P+I control for a standard CO2 system in multiple configurations (parallel compressor, emJ), the main features available on the controller and a brief overview of the first compressor rack designed and assembled in South America.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Transcritical CO2 - controller solution - Made in Ecuador Rack (in Spanish)CAREL Industries S.p.A
Carlos Mojica, Sales Consultant of CAREL Sud América, at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Introduction of CAREL solutions for CO2 compressor racks - pRack300T. This introduction presents a simplified view of the P+I control for a standard CO2 system in multiple configurations (parallel compressor, emJ), the main features available on the controller and a brief overview of the first compressor rack designed and assembled in South America.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Humidification is Health: why is it worth and how should we humidify healthca...CAREL Industries S.p.A
The document discusses the importance of proper humidity levels in healthcare facilities. Maintaining relative humidity between 40-60% can help reduce the spread of infections and pathogens. Low humidity allows microorganisms to grow and spread more easily through air. Multiple studies show humidity control can decrease virus infectivity and the transmission of diseases like SARS-CoV-2. Controlling relative humidity through humidification systems is necessary for patient health and comfort, and can lower costs by reducing healthcare-associated infections.
Paolo Liberati, Recuperator Technical Department - R&D and Andrea Pagan, CAREL Application Manager - HVAC Commercial at Chillventa eSpecial 2020.
Exploring CAREL's solutions for Air Handling Units able to ensure Health and Safety in critical applications, while remaining highly-efficient in terms of energy consumption.
System & connectivity approach in commercial refrigeration: usability & perfo...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Timo Kaufhold, CAREL Deutschland Sales Promoter Wholesale - Refrigeration | Retail D-A-CH-NL and Stefano Soggia CAREL Application Manager - Refrigeration Food Service at Chillventa eSpecial 2020.
From system approach to monitoring solutions, exploiting also devices configuration through smartphone APPs.
Vom Systemansatz zu Überwachungslösungen, wobei auch die Gerätekonfiguration durch Smartphone-APPs ausgenutzt wird.
Plug-in cabinets solutions overview for commercial and professional refrigera...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Giovanni Tonin, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Manager and Sebastiano Di Lena, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Group Marketing – Food Retail at Chillventa eSpecial 2020. From iJ to HEOSone: CAREL's solutions for plug in cabinets
Know more: natref.carel.com
Which is the best solution for commercial and professional plug-in cabinets?CAREL Industries S.p.A
Miriam Solana Cipres, HVAC/R Knowledge Centre Engineer at Chillventa eSpecial 2020. This presentation describes the main objectives when designing a plug-in cabinet and Heosone, CAREL’s solution for commercial or professional plug-in cabinets.
Know more: natref.carel.com
How indoor air quality and relative humidity control affect your life: fighti...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Andrea Oscar Frisiero, Sales & Marketing HVAC Application Specialist at Chillventa eSpecial 2020. This presentation describes the role of air quality and humidity control in fighting the spread of airborne diseases and in preserving human health and the role of an HVAC company to reach these goals.
Know more: healthcare.carel.com
Marco Piovan, Sales & Marketing HVAC Application Manager and Matteo Venturi, Sales & Marketing Application Specialist at Chillventa eSpecial 2020. NEW uChiller for process chiller and use of Chillbooster for condenser and liquid coolers for industrial applications.
Know more: carel.com/product/mchiller-process
Michele Mohorovicich, Marketing Manager Refrigeration – EMEA CAREL, at Eurovent Middle East 2020. This presentation describes the solution trends for Supermarket retrofit and the benefits of DC inverter technology and EXV in food retail applications. Explore CAREL DC technology solutions to reach energy efficiency and food preservation.
Sistemi di umidificazione adiabatica secondo normativa VDI6022; aspetti tecno...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Andrea Oscar Frisiero, Application Specialist – Indoor Air Quality and Climate Control e Andrea Pagan, Application Manager – Ventilation and Systems a MCE Live & Digital 2021.
La recente pandemia ha evidenziato l'importanza di un corretto controllo dell'umidità (RH 40-60%) al fine di limitare la diffusione ed il rischio di contagio all'interno degli edifici.
Le tecnologie di umidificazione adiabatica sono la risposta più idonea al fine di garantire massima igienicità ed efficienza.
La norma VDI6022 costituisce il riferimento per le caratteristiche funzionali e costruttive per la gestione, la conduzione e la manutenzione sia dell'umidificatore che dell'intero sistema di ventilazione.
Progettisti ed installatori devono perciò fare importanti scelte riguardo il controllo dell'impianto. Una soluzione integrata tra umidificatore e sistema di controllo garantisce maggiori livelli di efficienza ed igienicità altrimenti non raggiungibili dai singoli elementi distinti.
Scopri di più: healthcare.carel.com
Gestione integrata di impianti meccanici HVAC: esempi pratici per garantire i...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Andrea Pagan, Application Manager – Ventilation and Systems e Alberto Bussotti, Area Manager HVAC Project & Dealer Filiale Italia a MCE Live & Digital 2021. Le azioni per garantire i corretti livelli di igienicità negli impianti di ventilazione sono spesso in contrasto con i più tradizionali principi volti a minimizzare il consumo energetico.
Questa situazione non è sostenibile nel lungo periodo a causa di maggiori consumi e costi operativi.
In questo webinar, vengono illustrati alcuni esempi pratici di come un sistema di controllo integrato dell'intero impianto HVAC possa garantire massima efficienza con corretti livelli di igienicità e sicurezza.
Scopri di più: www.carel.com
Increasing CO2 gas cooler efficiency and safety with CAREL's chillBoosterCAREL Industries S.p.A
Giacomo Favari, Marketing Manager Refrigeration – North America at ATMO Vitual Trade Show 2021. Increasingly high summer temperature peaks impact condenser and gas cooler performance. Evaporative cooling is an effective solution to give new life to installed coils, increasing their efficiency and reliability, or reducing coil size for new installations. This webinar presents chillBoster, with the focus on the benefits it brings to food retail refrigeration systems.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Plug-in cabinets solutions overview for Refrigeration Food ServiceCAREL Industries S.p.A
Giacomo Favari, Marketing Manager Refrigeration – North America at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. A dive into the food service and commercial refrigeration market with an overview of the main needs and drivers. In a constantly changing market scenario, we look at the complete CAREL offering and product portfolio in this market: from the new iJ parametric controller platform to the Heosone complete propane solution for high efficiency.
Know more: natref.carel.com
R290 solutions for plug-in units, case studies and experience (in Korean)CAREL Industries S.p.A
Abstract: Ray Sin from CAREL Korea, at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. How to maximise the benefits of R290 systems to achieve premium performance in terms of energy efficiency and connectivity In this presentation, we introduce CAREL's solutions for R290 plug-in cabinets and semi plug-in cabinets. How CAREL uses its knowledge and experience to build its R290 solutions.
Know more: natref.carel.com
How to increase energy efficiency in professional and catering applicationsCAREL Industries S.p.A
Giovanni Tonin, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Manager and Andrea Bianchi, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Specialist at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. A dive into the food service and commercial refrigeration market with an overview of the main needs and drivers. In a constantly changing market scenario, we look at the complete CAREL offering and product portfolio in this market: from the new iJ parametric controller platform to the Heosone complete propane solution for high efficiency.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Marco Fusca, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Specialist at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. CAREL has a complete range of high efficiency solutions for propane retail applications. CAREL is ready for 500 g with an extended range of PED cat 1 BLDC compressors. A special package has been specifically developed for 150 g air-cooled applications. The common technology is Heos: continuous modulation delivered to water-cooled or plug-in air-cooled applications, with the goal to maximise system efficiency and reliability.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Increasing CO2 gas cooler efficiency and safety with CAREL's chillBoosterCAREL Industries S.p.A
Giovanni Bonesso, Sales & Marketing Humidification Product Specialist and Federico Ferrari, Sales & Marketing Refrigeration Application Specialist at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Increasingly high summer temperature peaks impact condenser and gas cooler performance. Evaporative cooling is an effective solution to give new life to installed coils, increasing their efficiency and reliability, or reducing coil size for new installations. This webinar presents chillBoster, with the focus on the benefits it brings to food retail refrigeration systems.
Know more: natref.carel.com
CO2 solutions for commercial refrigeration and case studies (in Chinese)CAREL Industries S.p.A
Mik Fei, Application Specialist - Refrigeration APAC, at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Introduction of CAREL’s complete range of natural refrigerant solutions for commercial refrigeration, including CDUs, HECU CO2, HEOS CO2, and standard rack systems with the pRack 300T series. Transcritical CO2 optimal gas cooler outlet pressure control as the basis for introducing transcritical CO2 system management. Information on different layouts of solutions for CDUs, semi plug-in waterloop system and Rack system. In the last part of this section, we describe the projects that have been completed in China/APAC with CAREL’s CO2 solutions and experience.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Gaurav Bali, Manager Technical Sales- Refrigeration & Retail (India), at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Ammonia is the perfect refrigerant in terms of refrigeration performance; however, safety and low charge are important for ammonia-based rack systems.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Transcritical CO2 - controller solution - Made in Ecuador Rack (in Portuguese)CAREL Industries S.p.A
Rafael Santoro, Application Enginee, CAREL Sud América at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Introduction of CAREL solutions for CO2 compressor racks - pRack300T. This introduction presents a simplified view of the P+I control for a standard CO2 system in multiple configurations (parallel compressor, emJ), the main features available on the controller and a brief overview of the first compressor rack designed and assembled in South America.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Transcritical CO2 - controller solution - Made in Ecuador Rack (in Spanish)CAREL Industries S.p.A
Carlos Mojica, Sales Consultant of CAREL Sud América, at ATMO Virtual Trade Show 2021. Introduction of CAREL solutions for CO2 compressor racks - pRack300T. This introduction presents a simplified view of the P+I control for a standard CO2 system in multiple configurations (parallel compressor, emJ), the main features available on the controller and a brief overview of the first compressor rack designed and assembled in South America.
Know more: natref.carel.com
Humidification is Health: why is it worth and how should we humidify healthca...CAREL Industries S.p.A
The document discusses the importance of proper humidity levels in healthcare facilities. Maintaining relative humidity between 40-60% can help reduce the spread of infections and pathogens. Low humidity allows microorganisms to grow and spread more easily through air. Multiple studies show humidity control can decrease virus infectivity and the transmission of diseases like SARS-CoV-2. Controlling relative humidity through humidification systems is necessary for patient health and comfort, and can lower costs by reducing healthcare-associated infections.
Paolo Liberati, Recuperator Technical Department - R&D and Andrea Pagan, CAREL Application Manager - HVAC Commercial at Chillventa eSpecial 2020.
Exploring CAREL's solutions for Air Handling Units able to ensure Health and Safety in critical applications, while remaining highly-efficient in terms of energy consumption.
System & connectivity approach in commercial refrigeration: usability & perfo...CAREL Industries S.p.A
Timo Kaufhold, CAREL Deutschland Sales Promoter Wholesale - Refrigeration | Retail D-A-CH-NL and Stefano Soggia CAREL Application Manager - Refrigeration Food Service at Chillventa eSpecial 2020.
From system approach to monitoring solutions, exploiting also devices configuration through smartphone APPs.
Vom Systemansatz zu Überwachungslösungen, wobei auch die Gerätekonfiguration durch Smartphone-APPs ausgenutzt wird.
System & connectivity approach in commercial refrigeration: usability & perfo...
蒸发冷却在空调箱中的节能应用
1. 蒸发冷却在空调箱中的节能应用
蒋志伟
全国销售经理 - 暖通项目和代理商
This document and all its contents are for Carel internal use only and strictly CONFIDENTIAL
All unauthorized use, reproduction or distribution of this document or the information contained in it,
by anyone other than Carel employees is severely forbidden
Latent energy of vaporization of water @ 10 °C: approx. 2,478 kJ/kg
1 kg = 1 litre (1 L)
If 1 L evaporates in 1 hour = 3,600 s, then the latent heat of vaporization is equal to 2,478 / 3,600 = 688 W, approximated to 690 W
Based on mean water-withdrawal values reported in [2]: coal requires 59.3 L/kWhelectric , gas 12.3, nuclear 77.3, hydropower 0, oil 69.1, wind 0, biomass 27.5, geothermal 2.9 and solar 1.7. Combining these values with the percentages in [3] as of 2013, the weighted mean water withdrawal in China is approx. 40.2 L/kWhelectric: coal is used to generate 63% of the electrical energy, gas 4%, nuclear 1%, hydropower 22%, oil 2%, wind 6%, biomass0.5%, geothermal 0.5% and rooftop solar 1% 0.63 x 59.3 + 0.04 x 12.3 + 0.01 x 77.3 + 0.22 x 0 + 0.02 x 69.1 + 0.06 x 0 + 0.005 x 27.5 + 0.005 x 2.9 + 0.01 x 1.7 40.2 L/kWhelectric
[2] Union of Concerned Scientists. 2012. UCS EW3 Energy-Water Database V.1.3. www.ucsusa.org/ew3database
[3] http://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis.cfm?iso=CHN
CO2 generated by the power plant ([4]) [kg CO2 eq./kWhelectrical]
Coal 0.993
Natural gas 0.756
Nuclear 0.066
Hydropower 0.015
Oil 0.893
Wind 0.021
Biomass 0.131
Geothermal 0.054
Solar 0.040
Weighted mean 0.680 (using the same % above)
[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_electricity_generation
Based on mean water-withdrawal values reported in [2]: coal requires 59.3 L/kWhelectric , gas 12.3, nuclear 77.3, hydropower 0, oil 69.1, wind 0, biomass 27.5, geothermal 2.9 and solar 1.7. Combining these values with the percentages in [3] as of 2013, the weighted mean water withdrawal in China is approx. 40.2 L/kWhelectric: coal is used to generate 63% of the electrical energy, gas 4%, nuclear 1%, hydropower 22%, oil 2%, wind 6%, biomass0.5%, geothermal 0.5% and rooftop solar 1% 0.63 x 59.3 + 0.04 x 12.3 + 0.01 x 77.3 + 0.22 x 0 + 0.02 x 69.1 + 0.06 x 0 + 0.005 x 27.5 + 0.005 x 2.9 + 0.01 x 1.7 40.2 L/kWhelectric
[2] Union of Concerned Scientists. 2012. UCS EW3 Energy-Water Database V.1.3. www.ucsusa.org/ew3database
[3] http://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis.cfm?iso=CHN
CO2 generated by the power plant ([4]) [kg CO2 eq./kWhelectrical]
Coal 0.993
Natural gas 0.756
Nuclear 0.066
Hydropower 0.015
Oil 0.893
Wind 0.021
Biomass 0.131
Geothermal 0.054
Solar 0.040
Weighted mean 0.680 (using the same % above)
[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_electricity_generation
Based on mean water-withdrawal values reported in [2]: coal requires 59.3 L/kWhelectric , gas 12.3, nuclear 77.3, hydropower 0, oil 69.1, wind 0, biomass 27.5, geothermal 2.9 and solar 1.7. Combining these values with the percentages in [3] as of 2013, the weighted mean water withdrawal in China is approx. 40.2 L/kWhelectric: coal is used to generate 63% of the electrical energy, gas 4%, nuclear 1%, hydropower 22%, oil 2%, wind 6%, biomass0.5%, geothermal 0.5% and rooftop solar 1% 0.63 x 59.3 + 0.04 x 12.3 + 0.01 x 77.3 + 0.22 x 0 + 0.02 x 69.1 + 0.06 x 0 + 0.005 x 27.5 + 0.005 x 2.9 + 0.01 x 1.7 40.2 L/kWhelectric
[2] Union of Concerned Scientists. 2012. UCS EW3 Energy-Water Database V.1.3. www.ucsusa.org/ew3database
[3] http://www.eia.gov/beta/international/analysis.cfm?iso=CHN
CO2 generated by the power plant ([4]) [kg CO2 eq./kWhelectrical]
Coal 0.993
Natural gas 0.756
Nuclear 0.066
Hydropower 0.015
Oil 0.893
Wind 0.021
Biomass 0.131
Geothermal 0.054
Solar 0.040
Weighted mean 0.680 (using the same % above)
[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_electricity_generation