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•‫المقارن‬ ‫التصوف‬
• MAISARAH BINTI MOHAMAD KASASI 035787
• ISM USULUDDIN DENGAN KAUNSELING SEM 7
•‫والحقيقة‬ ‫الشريعة‬
SYARIAH
• DEFINISI SYARIAH: HUKUM-HAKAM YANG DATANG DARIPADA ALLAH, YANG
DISAMPAIKAN KEPADA NABI MUHAMMAD SAW TERDIRI DARIPADA LIMA HUKUM
IAITU WAJIB, SUNAT, HARAM, MAKRUH DAN HARUS (MUBAH)
• SETIAP BIDANG YANG DICEBURI DI SELURUH ASPEK KEHIDUPAN SEPERTI SISTEM
PENDIDIKAN, EKONOMI, PERTANIAN, KEBUDAYAAN, TEKNOLOGI DAN LAIN-LAIN
SISTEM HIDUP, TIDAK AKAN TERLEPAS DARI LIMA HUKUM INI.
HAKIKAT
• DEFINISI ILMU HAKIKAT IALAH RASA HATI (ZAUK) ATAU SYU’UR ) YANG ADA DI
DALAM HATI ATAU JIWA MANUSIA YANG SIFATNYA BERUBAH-UBAH DARI SATU
RASA KEPADA RASA YANG LAIN
• HATI JUGA WAJIB BERSYARIAT IAITU MENYUBURKAN SIFAT MAHMUDAH. INILAH
YANG DIKATAKAN SYARIAT BATIN
• JELASLAH BAHAWA SYARIAT DAN HAKIKAT SAMA PENTINGNYA. KITA TIDAK
BOLEH MENOLAK SALAH SATU DAN MENGAMBIL SALAH SATUNYA SAHAJA.
KEDUA-DUANYA MESTI DIAMALKAN SERENTAK. MAKA DALAM MENGAMALKAN
AJARAN ISLAM BOLEHLAH DISUSUN BEGINI:
• 1. SYARIAT
• 2. TAREQAT
• 3. HAKIKAT
• 4. MAKRIFAT
• MAKSUDNYA, MULA-MULA KITA MEMAHAMI SYARIAT IAITU PERATURAN-NYA,
IAITU MENGETAHUI HUKUM-HAKAM. MANA YANG HALAL, MANA YANG HARAM,
YANG SUNAT, MAKRUH DAN MUBAH. JUGA SAH DAN BATAL SAMA ADA
MENGENAI SEMBAHYANG, PUASA, JIHAD, DAKWAH, EKONOMI, PENDIDIKAN DAN
LAIN-LAIN LAGI. KEMUDIAN APABILA KITA MENGAMALKANNYA BERSUNGGUH-
SUNGGUH DAN ISTIQAMAH, ERTINYA KITA TELAH MENEMPUH JALAN-NYA IAITU
YANG DIKATAKAN TAREQAT. YAKNI MENGAMALKAN APA YANG DIPERINTAHKAN
DAN MENINGGALKAN YANG DILARANG SECARA SERIUS.
• ILMU HAKIKAT ITU BIDANG KAJIANNYA IALAH TENTANG ALAM ROHANI ATAU
HATI NURANI MANUSIA ATAU MENGKAJI TENTANG SIFAT NAFSU
• SIFAT-SIFAT NAFSU TERDIRI DARIPADA NAFSU AMMARAH (MEMBAWA SESUATU
YANG BURUK) NAFSU LAWWAMAH (PENYESALAN), NAFSU MULHAMAH (JIWANYA
SUDAH DIILHAMI DARI ILMU LANGSUNG DARI ALLAH), NAFSU MUTMAINNAH
(BEBAS DARI SIFAT TERCELA), NAFSU RADHIAH (SELALU RIDHO KEPADA ALLAH
SWT), NAFSU MARDHIAH (DIREDHOI ALLAH KETIKA KEMBALI KEPADA ALLAH
SWT)DAN NAFSU KAMILAH (JIWA DENGAN ALLAH SUDAH MENYATU)
• ERTI LAIN HAKIKAT ITU IALAH INTIPATI ISLAM (LUBBUN). BILAMANA HAL
HAKIKAT DAPAT DIALAMI SECARA (ISTIQAMAH) BERTERUSAN, BAHKAN MAKIN
MENEBAL DAN SUBUR, MAKA AKAN TERBUKALAH RAHSIA GHAIB ATAU RAHSIA
ALLAH. INI SANGAT SULIT UNTUK DIGAMBARKAN KECUALI OLEH ORANG YANG
MENGALAMI DAN MERASAINYA
• IMAM MALIK R.H.M. BERKATA: “BARANGSIAPA BERFEQAH (SYARIAT) TANPA
TASAWUF (HAKIKAT), MAKA IA JADI FASIK. BARANGSIAPA BERTASAWUF
(HAKIKAT) TANPA FEQAH (SYARIAT), MAKA IA JADI KAFIR ZINDIK (KAFIR SECARA
TIDAK SEDAR).”
KESIMPULAN
• ISLAM SESEORANG ITU HANYA AKAN SEMPURNA KALAU DIA MENGAMALKAN
SYARIAT, TAREQAT DAN HAKIKAT SECARA SERENTAK. MAKA LAYAKLAH IA
DIGELAR TASLIM, YAKNI TUNDUK LAHIR DAN BATIN. SIAPA YANG TIDAK
SEDEMIKIAN HALNYA MAKA ALLAH MENEMPELAK DENGAN FIRMAN-NYA:
“MEREKA BERCAKAP DENGAN MULUT MEREKA TETAPI TIDAK SEPERTI DALAM
HATI-HATI MEREKA.” (ALI IMRAN: 167)

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الشريعة والحقيقة

  • 1. •‫المقارن‬ ‫التصوف‬ • MAISARAH BINTI MOHAMAD KASASI 035787 • ISM USULUDDIN DENGAN KAUNSELING SEM 7 •‫والحقيقة‬ ‫الشريعة‬
  • 2. SYARIAH • DEFINISI SYARIAH: HUKUM-HAKAM YANG DATANG DARIPADA ALLAH, YANG DISAMPAIKAN KEPADA NABI MUHAMMAD SAW TERDIRI DARIPADA LIMA HUKUM IAITU WAJIB, SUNAT, HARAM, MAKRUH DAN HARUS (MUBAH) • SETIAP BIDANG YANG DICEBURI DI SELURUH ASPEK KEHIDUPAN SEPERTI SISTEM PENDIDIKAN, EKONOMI, PERTANIAN, KEBUDAYAAN, TEKNOLOGI DAN LAIN-LAIN SISTEM HIDUP, TIDAK AKAN TERLEPAS DARI LIMA HUKUM INI.
  • 3. HAKIKAT • DEFINISI ILMU HAKIKAT IALAH RASA HATI (ZAUK) ATAU SYU’UR ) YANG ADA DI DALAM HATI ATAU JIWA MANUSIA YANG SIFATNYA BERUBAH-UBAH DARI SATU RASA KEPADA RASA YANG LAIN • HATI JUGA WAJIB BERSYARIAT IAITU MENYUBURKAN SIFAT MAHMUDAH. INILAH YANG DIKATAKAN SYARIAT BATIN
  • 4. • JELASLAH BAHAWA SYARIAT DAN HAKIKAT SAMA PENTINGNYA. KITA TIDAK BOLEH MENOLAK SALAH SATU DAN MENGAMBIL SALAH SATUNYA SAHAJA. KEDUA-DUANYA MESTI DIAMALKAN SERENTAK. MAKA DALAM MENGAMALKAN AJARAN ISLAM BOLEHLAH DISUSUN BEGINI: • 1. SYARIAT • 2. TAREQAT • 3. HAKIKAT • 4. MAKRIFAT
  • 5. • MAKSUDNYA, MULA-MULA KITA MEMAHAMI SYARIAT IAITU PERATURAN-NYA, IAITU MENGETAHUI HUKUM-HAKAM. MANA YANG HALAL, MANA YANG HARAM, YANG SUNAT, MAKRUH DAN MUBAH. JUGA SAH DAN BATAL SAMA ADA MENGENAI SEMBAHYANG, PUASA, JIHAD, DAKWAH, EKONOMI, PENDIDIKAN DAN LAIN-LAIN LAGI. KEMUDIAN APABILA KITA MENGAMALKANNYA BERSUNGGUH- SUNGGUH DAN ISTIQAMAH, ERTINYA KITA TELAH MENEMPUH JALAN-NYA IAITU YANG DIKATAKAN TAREQAT. YAKNI MENGAMALKAN APA YANG DIPERINTAHKAN DAN MENINGGALKAN YANG DILARANG SECARA SERIUS.
  • 6. • ILMU HAKIKAT ITU BIDANG KAJIANNYA IALAH TENTANG ALAM ROHANI ATAU HATI NURANI MANUSIA ATAU MENGKAJI TENTANG SIFAT NAFSU • SIFAT-SIFAT NAFSU TERDIRI DARIPADA NAFSU AMMARAH (MEMBAWA SESUATU YANG BURUK) NAFSU LAWWAMAH (PENYESALAN), NAFSU MULHAMAH (JIWANYA SUDAH DIILHAMI DARI ILMU LANGSUNG DARI ALLAH), NAFSU MUTMAINNAH (BEBAS DARI SIFAT TERCELA), NAFSU RADHIAH (SELALU RIDHO KEPADA ALLAH SWT), NAFSU MARDHIAH (DIREDHOI ALLAH KETIKA KEMBALI KEPADA ALLAH SWT)DAN NAFSU KAMILAH (JIWA DENGAN ALLAH SUDAH MENYATU)
  • 7. • ERTI LAIN HAKIKAT ITU IALAH INTIPATI ISLAM (LUBBUN). BILAMANA HAL HAKIKAT DAPAT DIALAMI SECARA (ISTIQAMAH) BERTERUSAN, BAHKAN MAKIN MENEBAL DAN SUBUR, MAKA AKAN TERBUKALAH RAHSIA GHAIB ATAU RAHSIA ALLAH. INI SANGAT SULIT UNTUK DIGAMBARKAN KECUALI OLEH ORANG YANG MENGALAMI DAN MERASAINYA • IMAM MALIK R.H.M. BERKATA: “BARANGSIAPA BERFEQAH (SYARIAT) TANPA TASAWUF (HAKIKAT), MAKA IA JADI FASIK. BARANGSIAPA BERTASAWUF (HAKIKAT) TANPA FEQAH (SYARIAT), MAKA IA JADI KAFIR ZINDIK (KAFIR SECARA TIDAK SEDAR).”
  • 8. KESIMPULAN • ISLAM SESEORANG ITU HANYA AKAN SEMPURNA KALAU DIA MENGAMALKAN SYARIAT, TAREQAT DAN HAKIKAT SECARA SERENTAK. MAKA LAYAKLAH IA DIGELAR TASLIM, YAKNI TUNDUK LAHIR DAN BATIN. SIAPA YANG TIDAK SEDEMIKIAN HALNYA MAKA ALLAH MENEMPELAK DENGAN FIRMAN-NYA: “MEREKA BERCAKAP DENGAN MULUT MEREKA TETAPI TIDAK SEPERTI DALAM HATI-HATI MEREKA.” (ALI IMRAN: 167)